1. Anticancer pan-ErbB inhibitors reduce inflammation and tissue injury and exert broad-spectrum antiviral effects
- Author
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Saul, Sirle, Karim, Marwah, Ghita, Luca, Huang, Pei-Tzu, Chiu, Winston, Durán, Verónica, Lo, Chieh-Wen, Kumar, Sathish, Bhalla, Nishank, Leyssen, Pieter, Alem, Farhang, Boghdeh, Niloufar A, Tran, HoangNhu, Cohen, Courtney A, Brown, Jacquelyn A, Huie, Kathleen E, Tindle, Courtney, Sibai, Mamdouh, Ye, Chengjin, Khalil, Ahmed Magdy, Chiem, Kevin, Martinez-Sobrido, Luis, Dye, John M, Pinsky, Benjamin A, Ghosh, Pradipta, Das, Soumita, Solow-Cordero, David E, Jin, Jing, Wikswo, John P, Jochmans, Dirk, Neyts, Johan, De Jonghe, Steven, Narayanan, Aarthi, and Einav, Shirit
- Subjects
Medical Microbiology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,Rare Diseases ,Biodefense ,Infectious Diseases ,Lung ,Coronaviruses ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,5.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Animals ,Humans ,Mice ,Antiviral Agents ,COVID-19 ,Cytokines ,Hepatitis C ,Chronic ,Inflammation ,Lapatinib ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Drug screens ,Protein kinases ,Therapeutics ,Virology ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Immunology ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
Targeting host factors exploited by multiple viruses could offer broad-spectrum solutions for pandemic preparedness. Seventeen candidates targeting diverse functions emerged in a screen of 4,413 compounds for SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. We demonstrated that lapatinib and other approved inhibitors of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases suppress replication of SARS-CoV-2, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), and other emerging viruses with a high barrier to resistance. Lapatinib suppressed SARS-CoV-2 entry and later stages of the viral life cycle and showed synergistic effect with the direct-acting antiviral nirmatrelvir. We discovered that ErbB1, ErbB2, and ErbB4 bind SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein and regulate viral and ACE2 internalization, and they are required for VEEV infection. In human lung organoids, lapatinib protected from SARS-CoV-2-induced activation of ErbB-regulated pathways implicated in non-infectious lung injury, proinflammatory cytokine production, and epithelial barrier injury. Lapatinib suppressed VEEV replication, cytokine production, and disruption of blood-brain barrier integrity in microfluidics-based human neurovascular units, and reduced mortality in a lethal infection murine model. We validated lapatinib-mediated inhibition of ErbB activity as an important mechanism of antiviral action. These findings reveal regulation of viral replication, inflammation, and tissue injury via ErbBs and establish a proof of principle for a repurposed, ErbB-targeted approach to combat emerging viruses.
- Published
- 2023