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2. EVENet: Evidence-based Ensemble Learning for Uncertainty-aware Brain Parcellation Using Diffusion MRI

Author

Li, Chenjun, Yang, Dian, Yao, Shun, Wang, Shuyue, Wu, Ye, Zhang, Le, Li, Qiannuo, Cho, Kang Ik Kevin, Seitz-Holland, Johanna, Ning, Lipeng, Legarreta, Jon Haitz, Rathi, Yogesh, Westin, Carl-Fredrik, O'Donnell, Lauren J., Sochen, Nir A., Pasternak, Ofer, and Zhang, Fan

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

In this study, we developed an Evidence-based Ensemble Neural Network, namely EVENet, for anatomical brain parcellation using diffusion MRI. The key innovation of EVENet is the design of an evidential deep learning framework to quantify predictive uncertainty at each voxel during a single inference. Using EVENet, we obtained accurate parcellation and uncertainty estimates across different datasets from healthy and clinical populations and with different imaging acquisitions. The overall network includes five parallel subnetworks, where each is dedicated to learning the FreeSurfer parcellation for a certain diffusion MRI parameter. An evidence-based ensemble methodology is then proposed to fuse the individual outputs. We perform experimental evaluations on large-scale datasets from multiple imaging sources, including high-quality diffusion MRI data from healthy adults and clinically diffusion MRI data from participants with various brain diseases (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Parkinson's disease, cerebral small vessel disease, and neurosurgical patients with brain tumors). Compared to several state-of-the-art methods, our experimental results demonstrate highly improved parcellation accuracy across the multiple testing datasets despite the differences in dMRI acquisition protocols and health conditions. Furthermore, thanks to the uncertainty estimation, our EVENet approach demonstrates a good ability to detect abnormal brain regions in patients with lesions, enhancing the interpretability and reliability of the segmentation results., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

3. Species‐specific duplicated FMRFaR‐like gene A62 regulates spontaneous locomotion in Apolygus lucorum.

Author

Gao, Han, Tian, Ying, Zhang, Hui, Li, Yanxiao, Li, Chenjun, and Li, Bin

Subjects
HUMAN locomotion, GENE expression, RNA interference, SMALL interfering RNA, EFFERENT pathways
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Apolygus lucorum, a major cotton pest, has undergone a significant expansion of the FMRFaR gene within the GPCR superfamily, resulting in two classes of GPCR, namely FMRFaR (A54‐55) and newly duplicated FMRFaR‐like (A56‐62). Notably, FMRFaR‐like genes, particularly A62, show enhanced expression in the legs and wings of adults, indicating their potential role in locomotion. Employing A62 as a representative of FMRFaR‐like, our study investigates the influence of FMRFa, FMRFaR, and FMRFaR‐like on locomotion and development of A. lucorum. RESULTS: FMRFaR and FMRFa exhibit comparable temporal and tissue expression patterns, whereas the FMRFaR‐like genes within A. lucorum exhibit completely distinct evolutionary and expression patterns compared to classical FMRFaR. RNA interference (RNAi) experiments revealed that suppressing FMRFa expression results in complete lethality in A. lucorum, but neither FMRFaR nor A62 exhibit the same effect after RNAi. Suppressing the expression of FMRFa only decreases the expression of the A54 gene simultaneously, suggesting that A54 may function as a classical FMRFaR activated by FMRFa. RNAi of A62 leads to wing malformation and a significant reduction in spontaneous movement behavior in A. lucorum. Further transcriptomic analysis revealed that A62 affects the A. lucorum's movement behavior through energy metabolism pathways and motor protein pathways. CONCLUSION: Our study unveils the unique and complex roles of FMRFa and its receptor in A. lucorum. These findings provide valuable insights into potential targets for pest control strategies aimed at managing A. lucorum populations in cotton fields. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Comparison of oxidation polymerization methods of thiophene in aqueous medium and its mechanism

Author

Li Chenjun, Yinfeng Liu, Yang Ruting, Yiben Xia, Shaoqing Wang, Yuguang Li, and Zhao Kaikai

Subjects
endocrine system, Polymers and Plastics, Precipitation (chemistry), Inorganic chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Solvent, chemistry.chemical_compound, Polymerization, chemistry, Emulsion, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Thiophene, Precipitation polymerization, Polythiophene, 0210 nano-technology, Dispersion (chemistry)
Abstract

Precipitation method of oxidation polymerization for preparing polythiophene was carried out as well as dispersion and emulsion methods in aqueous medium by using (NH4)2S2O8 and CuCl2 as the oxidant and catalyst, respectively. In precipitation method, ethanol was served as an auxiliary solvent to water. The effective conjugated length (ECL) of the obtained polythiophene was demonstrated to be evaluated by the UV absorption spectrum. The ECL of the polythiophene gradually increases with the rise of the content of ethanol in the mixed solvent in precipitation polymerization, and it was higher comparing to the ECL of the product prepared by aqueous dispersion or emulsion method. An electron transition mechanism of the oxidation polymerization of thiophene was suggested.

Published
2017

15. Preparation Principle of Super-Hydrophobic Surfaces by Phase Separation

Author

Yang Chengxia, Fang Yuan, Zhu Yili, Li Chenjun, Yinfeng Liu, Wang Yuxiang, Zhou Haidi, Yang Xiaorui, Zhao Kaikai, and Huagen Xu

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Evaporation, Fraction (chemistry), General Chemistry, Polymer, Flory–Huggins solution theory, Condensed Matter Physics, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Hildebrand solubility parameter, chemistry, Chemical engineering, visual_art, Phase (matter), Volume fraction, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Acrylic resin
Abstract

The Flory–Huggins theory of polymer solutions combined with an evaporation process was employed to interpret the preparation mechanism of a super-hydrophobic surface by phase separation. The ternary phase diagram of a polymer/solvent/nonsolvent was calculated by using the solubility parameters of the components in the system. It indicated that with the increase of the nonsolvent fraction, the initial volume fraction of the polymer or the evaporation rate of the solvent, the evaporation time for phase separation would shorten and the phase separation rate would speed up. The polymer volume fraction in the dense phase would increase and the precipitating particles tended to collide and aggregate, resulting in a rough, super-hydrophobic surface. Experimental results were in agreement with this principle of phase separation for preparing super-hydrophobic surfaces. Membranes of acrylic resin and fluorinated acrylic resin with rough surfaces were successfully obtained by the phase separation method. Especially...

Published
2015

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