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Abstract Background Total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed using the direct anterior approach (DAA) has demonstrated favourable early-, mid-, and long-term outcomes. However, the traditional femoral release technique remains technically demanding and is associated with challenges and a heightened risk of complications. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent THA with DAA performed using either the femoral-release-first (FRF) or the traditional approach (TA) strategy. Methods A retrospective analysis of demographics, clinical and radiological outcomes, and occurrence of complications was performed using data from 106 patients between 2018 and 2019. The patients were categorised into two groups: FRF (44 hips) and TA (69 hips). Results The FRF group showed a reduced operative time, haemoglobin (Hb) drop, postoperative hospital stay, and more optimal acetabular cup anteversion angles. Furthermore, during the first 2 months postoperatively, the FRF group demonstrated superior visual analogue scale, Harris Hip, and Oxford Hip scores. In the TA group, two hips experienced greater trochanter fractures, and one experienced delayed incision healing. Conclusions Compared with the TA, employing the FRF strategy during THA with DAA resulted in improved outcomes within the first 2 months postoperatively and comparable functional recovery beyond this period. The FRF method exhibited advantages such as favourable acetabular exposure and alignment and a reduced risk of complications. Therefore, the FRF strategy may be a favourable option.

Yoghurt has high nutritional value and health-promoting functions; however, its quality defects such as whey syneresis and poor coagulation affect the sensory experience of consumers. Researchers commonly use food macromolecules to improve the gel stability and sensory properties of yoghurt by modifying the formation of gel networks or inducing the gelation of milk protein. In this review, we summarize the texture defects of yogurt, the factors influencing them, and the strategies to improve the gel stability of yogurt as well as the underlying mechanism. Also, we discuss future trends. This review will provide important guidance for improving the quality and stability of yoghurt products.

In the study of age estimation in living individuals, a lot of data needs to be analyzed by mathematical statistics, and reasonable medical statistical methods play an important role in data design and analysis. The selection of accurate and appropriate statistical methods is one of the key factors affecting the quality of research results. This paper reviews the principles and applicable principles of the commonly used medical statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, difference analysis, consistency test and multivariate statistical analysis, as well as machine learning methods such as shallow learning and deep learning in the age estimation research of living individuals, and summarizes the relevance and application prospects between medical statistical methods and machine learning methods. This paper aims to provide technical guidance for the age estimation research of living individuals to obtain more scientific and accurate results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progresses from simple nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and has a poor prognosis. Abnormal lipid metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to study the relationships between serum lipid metabolites and NASH, and to improve the early diagnosis of NASH. Methods This study included 86 NAFLD patients (23 NASH and 63 NAFL), and 81 unaffected individuals as controls from West China Hospital between October 2018 and May 2019. With lipid metabolites as the focus of the study, the differences in lipid metabolites were compared between the control group, NAFL patients, and NASH patients. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk factors of NASH. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to analyze the efficacy of the metabolites in NASH prediction. Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lipoprotein A (LPA) increased with the severity of NAFLD. In NAFLD patients, LPA (OR:1.61; 95%CI: 1.03–2.52) was a potential risk factor for NASH, and ROC analysis showed that the combination of LPA, ALT, and AST had a greater predictive efficiency for NASH. Conclusions Abnormal apolipoprotein/lipoprotein is closely related to lipid metabolism disorder in patients with NAFLD. In NAFL, the combination of LPA, ALT, and AST contributes to predicting the occurrence of NASH. LPA may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for diagnosing and treating NASH.

Objective The aim of this study is to construct a recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus with CCL5 and SSTR2 genes and to detect its antitumor activity. Methods Recombinant vaccinia virus eukaryotic expression plasmid pSC65-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ was constructed. The purified recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus rVV-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ was obtained after homologous recombination with WR vaccinia virus and 23 rounds of screen- ing and purification. The concentrated recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus was abtained by expanded culture, concentration and purification. The expression changes of CCL5 and SSTR2 in HeLa cells after oncolytic vaccinia virus infection were determined by ELISA and Western blot respectively. The killing activity of rVV-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ on two tumor cell lines was detected by CCK-8. Results The recombinant vaccinia eukaryotic expression plasmid pSC65-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ was constructed successfully; Purified recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus rVV-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ with titer as 9.4×108 PFU/mL was obtained after homologous recombination, screening, purification and concentration; ELISA and Western blot results showed that after HeLa cells were infected with rVV-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+, the expression level of CCL5 and SSTR2 protein in HeLa cells was significantly higher than those in the control group rVV-Luc+ (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01, respectively); The results of CCK8 indicated that the killing activity of rVV-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ on human embryonic renal epithelial cells HEK293T was very low, while the killing activity of rVV-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ on two tumor cell lines increased gradually with the infection time. In addition, the killing activity of oncolytic vaccinia virus rVV-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ on tumor cells was significantly increased as compared with that of the control group rVV-Luc+ (HCT116: 48 h after infection P＜0.05; Hela: at 48 h, P＜0.05; at 72 h, P＜0.01). Conclusions Purified recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus rVV-CCL5-SSTR2-Luc+ is constructed and purified successfully, its tumoricidal activity is verified preliminarily, so this conclusion lays out an experimental foundation for subsequent in vivo and in vitro researches.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are common complications in pregnancy, with incidence rates of 1– 5% and 9.4%, respectively, in China. Both these phenomena can cause adverse pregnancy outcomes and are extremely harmful to the mother and fetus. In this study, we observed that several predictive factors have important value in GDM and PE. Among the GDM group, abnormal levels of adiponectin (APN), C-reactive protein (CRP), and Leptin were observed. The coexistence of PE and GDM in the pregnant population is not uncommon. Ultimately, we discovered abnormal levels of factors such as Visfatin, Advanced oxidative protein product (AOPP), Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), and resistin in both GDM and PE groups. Particularly, the FGF21 factor holds significant importance in our research. Therefore, we need to complete the analysis and discussion of relevant predictive factors to enable early prediction and disease monitoring of GDM, PE, and other pregnancy-related disorders, ultimately contributing to the long-term health of pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]