Search

To solve the problems of the low driving efficiency of a fuel cell tractor power source and the high hydrogen consumption caused by the irrational power allocation of the energy source, the power system was divided into two parts, power source and energy source, and a dual-source cooperative optimization energy management strategy was proposed. Firstly, a general energy efficiency optimization method was designed for the power source composed of a traction motor and PTO motor, and the energy source was composed of a fuel cell and power battery. Secondly, the unified objective function and constraint conditions were established, and the instantaneous optimization algorithm was used to construct the weight factor. The instantaneous optimal drive efficiency energy management strategy and the instantaneous optimal equivalent hydrogen consumption energy management strategy were designed, respectively. Finally, with the demand power as the transfer parameter, the instantaneous optimal drive efficiency energy management strategy and the instantaneous optimal equivalent hydrogen consumption energy management strategy were integrated to form a dual-source collaborative optimal energy management strategy. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, a rule-based energy management strategy was developed as a comparison strategy and tested in an HIL test under plowing and rotary plowing conditions. The results show that the average fuel cell efficiency of the proposed strategy increased by 7.86% and 8.17%, respectively, and the proposed strategy's equivalent hydrogen consumption decreased by 24.21% and 9.82%, respectively, compared with the comparison strategy under the two conditions. It can significantly reduce the SOC fluctuation of the power battery and extend the service life of the power battery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manganese-based rare-earth perovskite oxides are gaining attention as microwave absorbers due to their exceptional dielectric and magnetic properties. In this study, a series of La1−xBaxMnO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) nanoparticles were successfully prepared via the sol–gel method. The introduction of Ba2+ ions induces lattice distortion and reduces both crystalline and particle sizes with increasing Ba doping concentration. This process also alters the valence state of Mn ions and oxygen vacancies. Magnetic measurements display that although the magnetization curves of all samples do not reach saturation, a weak ferromagnetic ordering is observed after Ba doping, with La0.8Ba0.2MnO3 exhibiting the most favorable magnetic characteristics due to enhanced double exchange interaction between Mn4+ and Mn3+ ions. The study highlights the controllable microwave absorption properties by adjusting Ba concentration in the LaMnO3 system. La0.8Ba0.2MnO3 demonstrates a minimum reflection loss of − 35.6 dB at 15.4 GHz with a thin matching thickness of 1.2 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.08 GHz from 13.84 to 17.92 GHz. La0.7Ba0.3MnO3 achieves a remarkable minimum reflection loss of − 59.3 dB at 11.8 GHz when the matching thickness is 1.9 mm, and the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth is 3.92 GHz (9.68–13.6 GHz). These exceptional microwave absorption properties are attributed to enhanced polarization relaxation loss, conductive loss, and co-existing magnetic loss. The study suggests that the La1−xBaxMnO3 synthesized via the cost-effective sol–gel method holds promise as a high-performance microwave absorber with strong absorption and lightweight characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is caused by a coronavirus that poses a serious threat to the global pig industry. Black soldier fly is a very high-quality protein raw material that could serve as a functional feed additive to improve intestinal health in piglets. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of black soldier fly extract (BFE) on growth performance, plasma biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity and antiviral genes in PEDV-infected piglets. The results showed that the addition of 500 mg/kg BW BFE to the diet could improve the intestinal function of piglets and activate the immune system after PEDV infection. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has developed as a global problem for the pig business, resulting in significant financial losses. Black soldier fly extract (BFE) has been proven to improve intestinal growth in pigs after weaning. Consequently, the goal of the present investigation was to explore the effects of BFE supplementation on intestinal function in PEDV-infected piglets. Eighteen piglets were randomly allocated to three groups: control, PEDV, and BFE + PEDV. The piglets in the BFE + PEDV group received 500 mg/kg BW of BFE orally for seven days from day 4 to 10 of the study. On day 9 of the study, six pigs from each group received either clean saline or PEDV solution at a dosage of 106 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infectious dose) per pig. On day 11, samples of blood and intestine were taken for additional investigation. The results indicated a significant decrease in the average daily gain (ADG) of piglets infected with PEDV (p < 0.05). Additionally, PEDV infection led to an alteration of blood indexes and a reduction in plasma D-xylose concentration and villi height in the small intestine, while it increased plasma diamine oxidase activity and small intestinal crypt depth in piglets (p < 0.05). The PEDV infection significantly reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in plasma and the gut, including total superoxide dismutase and catalase, while increasing contents of oxidation-relevant products such as malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide in piglets. Moreover, PEDV infection increased the mRNA expression level of antiviral-related genes (p < 0.05). Nutritional supplementation with BFE improved intestinal histomorphological indicators and reduced oxidative stress produced by PEDV infection in piglets. Interestingly, BFE could significantly promote the mRNA expression level of antiviral-related genes in the ileum (p < 0.05). Overall, the preliminary results suggest that dietary BFE could improve intestinal function in piglets after PEDV infection. Currently, the findings put a spotlight on the role of BFE in the prevention and treatment of PED in piglets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the composites comprising Fe3O4/CoCO3 nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with hierarchical structure have been synthesized using a one-pot solvothermal method. The microstructure and microwave absorption properties of Fe3O4/CoCO3@rGO were thoroughly analyzed across varying amounts of rGO. Microstructural analysis confirms the successful synthesis of the Fe3O4/CoCO3@rGO composites, illustrating Fe3O4/CoCO3 nanoparticles firmly attached to the surface of rGO nanosheets. It is found that the incorporation of rGO leads to a significant increase in both the real and imaginary parts of permittivity, while the permeability marginally decreases due to the non-magnetic nature of rGO. The effective interplay of electromagnetic parameters facilitates the optimization of material impedance matching and bolsters its microwave attenuation capability. In the sample S3 with 25 wt% filler incorporated into the paraffin matrix, a minimum reflection loss of − 24.4 dB is attained at 14.64 GHz with an absorber thickness of 2.3 mm, featuring an effective absorption bandwidth (below − 10 dB) spanning 6.24 GHz (11.76–18 GHz). Likewise, the sample S4, also with a 25 wt% filling rate, exhibits an exceptionally wide effective absorption bandwidth of 6.56 GHz (11.44–18 GHz) at a slender matching thickness of 2.1 mm, encompassing the entire Ku band and a portion of the X band. Furthermore, an absorption peak of − 32.4 dB was noted at 13.68 GHz with a thickness of merely 1.8 mm. The remarkable microwave absorption performance of the Fe3O4/CoCO3@rGO composite materials primarily stems from the synergistic complementary effects of dipole polarization, interface polarization, conductive loss, and magnetic loss. These findings underscore that Fe3O4/CoCO3@rGO composites serve as a valuable reference for the development of high-performance microwave absorbers with the requirements of lightweight, strong absorption and bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Purpose/significance] This paper analyzes the themes of papers published in Information Processing and Management from 2000 to 2020, in order to know the thematic focus and evolution trends of IPM, and provide references for the development and related research of computer and information science. [Method/process] Firstly, based on 1852 research papers in the full-text database of ScienceDirect, this paper counted and visualized the titles, abstracts and keywords of the papers to classify the thematic categories. Then, this paper analyzed the research themes of each category systematically. At last, it compared the thematic focus in different periods and analyzed thematic evolution trends. [Result/conclusion] IPM mainly focuses on three themes of information retrieval, text analysis and user research, and presented evolution characteristics in general: information retrieval as the core theme, transform from text and information analysis to multimedia and knowledge analysis, and in-depth analysis and mining of user sentiments.

The electron transport layer (ETL) plays a crucial role for efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). As a promising low‐temperature ETL, tin oxide still requires complicated surface chemical decoration or heat‐treatments to further passivate the defects and adjust band energy level to improve the optoelectronic performance of the device. Herein, a novel and efficient strategy is developed for the solution prepared annealing‐free SnO2 ETL for PSCs. Through simple electrochemical regulation, the elemental composition, valence ratio of Sn, concentration of oxygen vacancies, hydroxyl groups, and dopant ions are precisely modified with the optimized the energy band, reduce the defect density, and enhance high carrier transport for PSCs. Thus, an increase of power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 21.6% to 24.7% and a high VOC of 1.19 V is obtained. The modified devices maintain 95% of the initial PCE after 2000 h of storage, and 80% of the initial PCE after 900 h of aging in an atmospheric environment at 75 °C and RH 20 ± 5%. Moreover, the perovskite solar module based on the as made SnO2 achieve a high PCE of 21.3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]