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BACKGROUND: Currently, the impact of previous, simultaneous, or subsequent bladder cancer on the prognosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is controversial. We aimed to investigate the impact of previous, simultaneous or intravesical recurrence (IVR) bladder cancer on the prognosis of UTUC based on a large population-based cohort from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. METHODS: A total of 8,431 UTUC patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2018 met the inclusion criteria were identified based on the SEER database. We evaluated the impact of bladder cancer on the prognosis of UTUC by Kaplan-Meier method and propensity score matching (PSM). RESULTS: In all, 6,831 patients only had UTUC (UTUC-only), 880 patients with previous or simultaneous bladder cancer (UTUC-Bca), 720 patients with IVR (UTUC-IVR). After adjusting baseline covariates that varied significantly among groups, we found UTUC-Bca cohort, regardless of tumor grade and stage, had poorer prognosis than UTUC-only cohort. In general, we demonstrated IVR had no significant impact on the prognosis of UTUC compared to PSM matched patients without IVR. However, subgroup analysis revealed that UTUC patients with subsequent MIBC recurrence or shorter interval (