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Objective To investigate the recurrence of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in children and to establish a predictive model. Methods A total of 288 children with ITP admitted to Children's Hospital of Wujiang District and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University from January 2018 to April 2022 were collected. The factors potentially related to the recurrence of ITP in children were screened . The children in the model group were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of recurrence and the indicators of the 2 groups were compared. After screening the potential influencing factors by LASSO regression and the independent influencing factors of relapse in children with ITP patients by Logstic regression analysis, we constructed a column-line graph model by using R language and validated it. Results A total of 37 (18.47%) of 201 patients in the model group experienced relapse. The age, blood type, duration of disease before treatment, antecedent infections, bleeding, initial treatment regimen, antinuclear antibody titer, initial count and mean platelet volume, initial platelet distribution width, initial peripheral blood lymphocyte count and time length to effective platelet count after treatment were found in the recurrence group versus the non-recurrence group The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis performed on the basis of LASSO regression showed that blood type, duration of illness before treatment, antecedent infection, initial treatment regimen, initial peripheral blood lymphocyte count, and time to effective platelet count after treatment were independent influences on the conversion of cough variant asthma to classic asthma in children. Based on the results of the multifactorial analysis, a column chart model for predicting ITP recurrence in children was developed in R. The results of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis showed that the area under curve(AUC) of the column chart model for predicting ITP recurrence in children in the modeling group was 0.867[95% CI(0.796, 0.938)] with a sensitivity of 84.2% and a specificity of 73.1%, and that in the validation group, the AUC was 0.838 [95% CI(0.765), 0.911] with a sensitivity of 82.3% and a specificity of 78.4%, 0.911)] sensitivity was 82.3% and specificity was 78.4%. The Bootstrap method was used to repeat the sampling 1 000 times, and the validation group was used for validation. The results of the calibration curve showed that the prediction curves of the model group and the validation group were basically fitted with the standard curve, suggesting that the model prediction accuracy was high. The results of the decision curve analysis of the model group showed that the net benefit rate of patients was greater than zero when the probability threshold of the column line graph model of predicting ITP recurrence in children was 0.15-0.75. Conclusions ITP recurrence in children is mainly affected by the patient's age, blood type, and pre-treatment course of the disease, and the column-line diagram model based on these factors has a high accuracy and differentiation for ITP recurrence in parenting children.

Cancer phototheranostics utilizing plasmonic materials is attracting considerable interest due to its high spatiotemporal precision and specificity, remote controllability, superior therapeutic efficacy, and low systemic side effects. Exploring new plasmonic materials with excellent plasmonic and photothermal properties is at the frontier of cancer phototheranostics. Herein, this work systematically investigates the plasmonic and photothermal properties of spiky Au nanoparticles (NPs) with different shaped central cores – spiky Au nanosphere , spiky Au nanocube and spiky Au nanorod (AuNR). It is shown that the shape of the central core in spiky Au NPs has significant effects on their surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and photothermal performances, and spiky Au NPs of a spherical or cubic core are much superior for near‐infrared (NIR) SERS detection and hyperthermia therapy in comparison with spiky AuNRs. The spiky Au NP‐based SERS probes demonstrate the remarkable capability for SERS imaging of live cells and dynamic visualization of tumors in a 4T1 breast tumor mouse model after intravenous administration. Moreover, in vivo studies show exceptional hyperthermia therapeutic effects of such SERS probes against 4T1 breast tumors under NIR irradiation. This study suggests the potential utility of spiky Au NP‐based SERS probes for efficient SERS‐guided cancer hyperthermia therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Birds are valued in the traditional cultures of Tibetan areas of China for symbolism, spirituality, and medicine. A total of 329 informants from six Tibetan communities were interviewed through ethnobiological survey methods. Results highlight that Tibetan informants value a diversity of birds for multiple symbolic purposes including spirituality, a good harvest, happiness, fortune, beauty, glory, and omens. Over 20 avian species including eagles, crows, pheasants, and red-breasted parakeets were perceived as totems, taboos, and holy birds. Findings revealed that three vulture species (Gyps himalayensis, Gyps fulvus, and Gypaetus barbatus) are the most important avian species because of their sacred roles in celestial burial. A total of 27 bird species were recorded as being used as traditional medicine. The high valuation of birds in Tibetan culture has likely contributed to the transmission of traditional knowledge regarding birds as well as to the conservation of bird biodiversity in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the safety of clopidogrel in the patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) by meta analysis based on ABCB1 C3435 Tgene polymorphism. Methods: The databases, such as Wanfang Data, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), the Chinese Journal Fulltext Database in China National Knowledge Infrastrusture (CNKI), the China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), the Science Citation Index (SCI), PubMed and EMBase, were searched from the inception to December 2019. The quality of the collected literature was evaluated, and then meta analysis was performed on the obtained data by using Stata 14.0. Results: Finally, 13 papers were included and 12 970 patients were enrolled for study. Meta analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) among the subgroups based on ABCB1 C3435 T gene polymorphism (P>0.05) ; in the allele gene model OR = 1.11, 95% CI (0.94, 1.30), in the dominant gene model OR = 1.03, 95% CI (0.82, 1.31) and in the recessive gene model OR = 1.13, 95% CI (0.99, 1.30). In the recessive gene model, there was a significant difference in the incidence of MACE of the patients who received a clopidogrel loading dose of 300 mg (P<0.05) and there was also a significant difference in the incidence of MACE in the European population (P<0.05). And in all MACE, there was a significant difference in the incidence of myocardial infarction (P<0.01). Conclusion: There was no correlation between polymorphism of ABCB1 C3435 T gene and MACE incidence, however correlation could be seen in the incidence of MACE and ABCB1 C3435 T gene polymorphism, when the patients received a clopidogrel loading dose of 300 mg and in the European population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a diterpene quinone extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, a Chinese traditional herb. Although previous studies have reported the anti-tumor effects of Tan IIA on various human cancer cells, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. The current study was undertaken to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Tan IIA's apoptotic effects on leukemia cells in vitro. Methods The cytotoxicity of Tan IIA on different types of leukemia cell lines was evaluated by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5]-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on cells treated without or with Tan IIA at different concentrations for different time periods. Cellular apoptosis progression with and without Tan IIA treatment was analyzed by Annexin V and Caspase 3 assays. Gene expression profiling was used to identify the genes regulated after Tan IIA treatment and those differentially expressed among the five cell lines. Confirmation of these expression regulations was carried out using real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA. The antagonizing effect of a PXR inhibitor L-SFN on Tan IIA treatment was tested using Colony Forming Unit Assay. Results Our results revealed that Tan IIA had different cytotoxic activities on five types of leukemia cells, with the highest toxicity on U-937 cells. Tan IIA inhibited the growth of U-937 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Annexin V and Caspase-3 assays showed that Tan IIA induced apoptosis in U-937 cells. Using gene expression profiling, 366 genes were found to be significantly regulated after Tan IIA treatment and differentially expressed among the five cell lines. Among these genes, CCL2 was highly expressed in untreated U-937 cells and down-regulated significantly after Tan IIA treatment in a dose-dependent manner. RT-qPCR analyses validated the expression regulation of 80% of genes. Addition of L- sulforaphane (L-SFN), an inhibitor of Pregnane × receptor (PXR) significantly attenuated Tan IIA's effects using colony forming assays. Conclusions Tan IIA has significant growth inhibition effects on U-937 cells through the induction of apoptosis. And Tan IIA-induced apoptosis might result from the activation of PXR, which suppresses the activity of NF-κB and lead to the down-regulation of CCL2 expression.

Abstract Background Dozens of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulas have been used for promotion of "blood production" for centuries, and we are interested in developing novel thrombopoietic medicines from these TCMs. Our previous studies have demonstrated the hematopoietic effects of DangGui BuXue Tong (DBT), a formula composed of Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Radix Astragali in animal and cellular models. As a step further to identify and characterize the active chemical components of DBT, we tested the hematopoietic and particularly, thrombopoietic effects of polysaccharide-enriched fractions from the root of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (APS) in this study. Methods A myelosuppression mouse model was treated with APS (10 mg/kg/day). Peripheral blood cells from APS, thrombopoietin and vehicle-treated samples were then counted at different time-points. Using the colony-forming unit (CFU) assays, we determined the effects of APS on the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and megakaryocytic lineages. Using a megakaryocytic cell line M-07e as model, we analyzed the cellular apoptosis progression with and without APS treatment by Annexin V, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Caspase 3 assays. Last, the anti-apoptotic effect of APS on cells treated with Ly294002, a Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinse inhibitor (PI3K) was also tested. Results In animal models, APS significantly enhanced not only the recovery of platelets, other blood cells and their progenitor cells, but also the formation of Colony Forming Unit (CFU). In M-07e cells, we observed the anti-apoptotic effect of APS. Treatment by Ly294002 alone increased the percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis. However, addition of APS to Ly294002-treated cells significantly reduced the percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis. Conclusions APS promotes hematopoiesis and thrombopoiesis in the mouse model. This effect likely resulted from the anti-apoptosis activity of APS and is likely to involve the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the correlation between ABCB1 C3435 T gene polymorphism and clopidogrel resistance (CR ). Methods : The databases, such as Wanfang Data, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM ),the Chinese Journal Fulltext Database in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP),Science Citation Index (SCI),PubMed and EMBase, were searched from the inception to October 2019.The quality of clinical studies which met the inclusion criteria was evaluated,and meta analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software.Results : Ten papers were included and 2842 patients were enrolled,including 878 cases in the clopi- dogrel-resistance group and 1784 cases in the non-clopidogrel resistance group. Results of meta-analysis showed that due to ABCB1 C3435 T gene polymorphism, the overall effect of each subgroup was statistically significant (P^ 0.05): allele gene model OR =1.39,95% CI(1.07,1.81), dominant gene model OR =1.37,95% CI (1.13,1.88), recessive gene model OR -- 1.82,95% CI (1.02,2.57), homozygous gene model OR = 1.92,95% CI (1.14,3.22),and heterozygous gene model OR = 1. 33,95% CI (1. 08,1. 88 ).Conclusion: Current findings confirmed that ABCB1 C3435 T gene polymorphism is associated with clopidogrel resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electromagnetic actuated active suspension (EAAS) benefits energy harvesting while providing active control. However, the inertia of the actuator introduces an equivalent mass coupled with the sprung and unsprung mass. In addition, the specific structure of the suspension features structure non-linearity, which results in the perturbation of the equivalent mass of the actuator, the variation of the transmission ratio of the actuator output torque to the actuator force at the wheel side and an extra force to be compensated with. A dynamic model of active control considering the equivalent mass and the structure non-linearity is proposed. Based on a gearbox type EAAS, respective non-linearity is studied. For multi-objective optimization, a robust controller is designed with proper weighting functions. A virtual prototype of the EAAS is built and simulated with a bump/pothole and random excitation road profiles. Results show that neglecting the structure non-linearity effects influences the accuracy of active control. The investigation of this paper provides a fundamental methodology for the control design of actual applications of EAASs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]