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In this paper, we study the following critical nonlinear Schrödinger–Kirchhoff equation: ($P$) $$\begin{align*} \left \{ \begin{array}{@{}l@{}} \displaystyle -\left(a+b\int_{R^{N}}|\nabla u|^{2}\,{\rm d}x\right)\Delta u + V(x)u =P(x)|u|^{2^*-2}u+\mu|u|^{q-2}u, \ {\rm in}\ \mathbb{R}^{N},\\ u\in H^1(\mathbb{R}^N) \end{array} \right. \end{align*}$$ { − (a + b ∫ R N | ∇u | 2 d x) Δu + V (x) u = P (x) | u | 2 ∗ − 2 u + μ | u | q − 2 u , in R N , u ∈ H 1 (R N) where $ a, b, \mu \gt 0 $ a , b , μ > 0 , $ N\geq 3 $ N ≥ 3 , $ \max \{2^*-1, 2\} \lt q \lt 2^*=\frac {2N}{N-2} $ max { 2 ∗ − 1 , 2 } < q < 2 ∗ = 2 N N − 2 , $ V(x) \gt 0 $ V (x) > 0 and $ P(x)\geq 0 $ P (x) ≥ 0 are two continuous functions. By using the variational method and truncation technique, we prove the multiplicity of solutions for Equation (P). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the generalized quasilinear Schrödinger equations with multiple competing potentials and critical growth, which have appeared from plasma physics as well as high-power ultrashort laser in matter − div (ε 2 g 2 (u) ∇ u) + ε 2 g (u) g ′ (u) | ∇ u | 2 + V (x) u = P (x) f (u) + Q (x) | u | α 2 ∗ − 2 u , x ∈ R N , where ε > 0 , N ≥ 3 , g : R → R + is a C 1 even function, g (0) = 1 , g ′ (s) ≥ 0 for all s ≥ 0 , g (s) = β | s | α − 1 + O (| s | γ − 1) as s → ∞ for some constants α ∈ [ 1 , 2 ] , β > 0 , γ < α and (α − 1) g (s) ≥ g ′ (s) s for all s ≥ 0. Under suitable assumptions on the potentials V (x) , P (x) and Q (x) , we obtain the existence and concentration of positive solutions and prove that the semiclassical solutions w ε with maximum points x ε concentrating at the special set S P or S V characterized by V (x) , P (x) and Q (x). Furthermore, for any sequence x ε → x 0 ∈ S P or S V , v ε (x) := w ε (ε x + x ε) converges in H 1 (R N) to a ground state solution v of − div (g 2 (v) ∇ v) + g (v) g ′ (v) | ∇ v | 2 + V (x 0) v = P (x 0) f (v) + Q (x 0) | v | α 2 ∗ − 2 v , x ∈ R N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we focus on the following generalized quasilinear Schrödinger equation with nonlocal term and critical growth: − ϵ 2 d i v (g 2 (u) ∇ u) + ϵ 2 g (u) g ′ (u) | ∇ u | 2 + V (x) u = ϵ μ − N [ | x | − μ ∗ | u | α 2 μ ∗ ] | u | α 2 μ ∗ − 2 u + λ f (u) , x ∈ R N , where N ≥ 3 , ϵ > 0 , λ > 0 , 2 μ ∗ = 2 N − μ N − 2 , 0 < μ < N , g : R → R + is a bounded C 1 even function, g (0) = 1 , g ′ (s) ≥ 0 for all s ≥ 0 , lim | s | → + ∞ g (s) | s | α − 1 := β > 0 for some α ∈ [ 1 , 2 ] and (α − 1) g (s) ≥ g ′ (s) s for all s ≥ 0. By using the variational methods and Ljusternik–Schnirelmann category theory, we establish the existence and multiplicity of semi-classical solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, we study the following Sobolev critical fractional Choquard equation (- Δ) s u + λ u = η [ | x | - μ ∗ | u | p ] | u | p - 2 u + | u | 2 s ∗ - 2 u , in R N , ∫ R N | u | 2 d x = m 2 , where m , η > 0 , 0 < s < 1 , N ≥ 2 , 0 < μ < 2 s , 2 + 2 s - μ N < p ≤ 2 N - μ + s · 2 s ∗ N < 2 μ , s ∗ : = 2 N - μ N - 2 s , 2 s ∗ : = 2 N N - 2 s is the fractional Sobolev critical exponent. By virtue of a fiber map and the concentration-compactness principle, we obtain a couple of normalized solutions to the above equation for large η , which extends and improves the results in Li et al. (Math Methods Appl Sci 44:10331–10360, 2021) and Yang (J Math Phys 61:051505, 2020), and almost no one has studied the double mass supercritical cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the following coupled fractional Schrödinger system: (−Δ)su=λ1u+μ1|u|p−2u+βr1|u|r1−2u|v|r2inℝN,(−Δ)sv=λ2v+μ2|v|q−2v+βr2|u|r1|v|r2−2vinℝN,$$ \left\{\begin{array}{cc}{\left(-\Delta \right)}^su={\lambda}_1u+{\mu}_1{\left|u\right|}^{p-2}u+\beta {r}_1{\left|u\right|}^{r_1-2}u{\left|v\right|}^{r_2}\kern0.60em & \mathrm{in}\kern3.0235pt {\mathbb{R}}^N,\\ {}{\left(-\Delta \right)}^sv={\lambda}_2v+{\mu}_2{\left|v\right|}^{q-2}v+\beta {r}_2{\left|u\right|}^{r_1}{\left|v\right|}^{r_2-2}v\kern0.60em & \mathrm{in}\kern3.0235pt {\mathbb{R}}^N,\end{array}\right. $$with prescribed masses ∫ℝN|u|2dx=aand∫ℝN|v|2dx=b.$$ {\int}_{{\mathbb{R}}^N}{\left|u\right|}^2 dx=a\kern0.30em \mathrm{and}\kern0.30em {\int}_{{\mathbb{R}}^N}{\left|v\right|}^2 dx=b. $$Here a,b>0$$ a,b>0 $$ are prescribed, N≥2,12≤s<1$$ N\ge 2,\frac{1}{2}\le s<1 $$, and μ1,μ2,β$$ {\mu}_1,{\mu}_2,\beta $$ are all positive constants. In this system, λ1,λ2∈ℝ$$ {\lambda}_1,{\lambda}_2\in \mathbb{R} $$ are unknown and appear as Lagrange multipliers. Any (u,v)$$ \left(u,v\right) $$ solving such system (for some λ1,λ2$$ {\lambda}_1,{\lambda}_2 $$) is called the normalized solution in the literature, where the normalization is settled in L2(ℝN)$$ {L}^2\left({\mathbb{R}}^N\right) $$. For this model case of r1,r2>1$$ {r}_1,{r}_2>1 $$ and 2+4s/N0$$ \beta >0 $$, we show that there exists a positive normalized solution. We also show that, in the case of r1,r2>1$$ {r}_1,{r}_2>1 $$ and p=q=r1+r2=2s∗$$ p=q={r}_1+{r}_2={2}_s^{\ast } $$, the nonexistence of positive normalized solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, we investigate the existence and multiplicity properties of the normalized solutions to the following Kirchhoff-type equation with Sobolev critical growth \begin{equation*} \begin {cases} -\left (a+b\int _{\mathbb {R}^3}|\nabla u|^2dx\right)\Delta u+\lambda u=\mu |u|^{p-2}u+|u|^{4}u, \quad &\text {in } \mathbb {R}^3,\\ u>0, \ \int _{\mathbb {R}^3}|u|^2dx=c^2, \quad &\text {in }\mathbb {R}^3, \end{cases} \tag {P}\end{equation*} where a, \ b, \ c, \ \mu >0 and 4

Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Paeonia) has aroused many concerns due to its extensive medicinal value, in which monoterpene glucoside paeoniflorin and its derivatives are the active chemical components. However, little is known in the molecular mechanism of monoterpenoids biosynthesis, and the regulation network between small RNAs and mRNAs in monoterpenoids biosynthesis has not been investigated yet. Herein, we attempted to reveal the tissue-specific regulation network of miRNAs and their targets related to paeoniaflorin and monoterpenoids biosynthesis in Paeonia by combining mRNA and miRNA expression data with degradome analysis. In all, 289 miRNAs and 30177 unigenes were identified, of which nine miRNAs from seven miRNA families including miR396, miR393, miR835, miR1144, miR3638, miR5794 and miR9555 were verified as monoterpenoids biosynthesis-related miRNAs by degradome sequencing. Moreover, the co-expression network analysis showed that four monoterpenoids-regulating TFs, namely AP2, MYBC1, SPL12 and TCP2, were putatively regulated by five miRNAs including miR172, miR828, miR858, miR156 and miR319, respectively. The present study will improve our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the paeoniaflorin and monoterpenoids biosynthesis mediated by miRNA to a new level, and provide a valuable resource for further study on Paeonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following fractional Schrödinger equation involving critical or supercritical exponent (− Δ) s u + V (x) u = λ | u | p − 2 u + f (x , u) , x ∈ R N , where 02s, 2 s ∗ = 2 N N − 2 s , p ≥ 2 s ∗ , λ > 0 , (− Δ) s denotes the fractional Laplacian of order s and f is a continuous superlinear but subcritical nonlinearity. When V and f are asymptotically periodic in x, we prove that the equation has a ground state solution for small λ > 0 by the Nehari method. Our main contribution is that we are able to deal with the supercritical case p > 2 s ∗ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the following fractional Schrödinger equation: (− Δ) s u + V (y) u = u 2 s ⁎ − 1 , in R N , where 1 2 ≤ s < 1 , 2 s ⁎ = 2 N N − 2 s is the critical Sobolev exponent, and V (y) is a positive function. By using four types of local Pohozaev identities, we prove a non-degeneracy result of the positive bubbling solutions. We also give an application of the non-degeneracy result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we focus on the following fractional Choquard equation involving upper critical exponent ε 2 s (- Δ) s u + V (x) u = P (x) f (u) + ε μ - N Q (x) [ | x | - μ ∗ | u | 2 μ , s ∗ ] | u | 2 μ , s ∗ - 2 u , x ∈ R N , where ε > 0 , 0 < s < 1 , (- Δ) s denotes the fractional Laplacian of order s, N > 2 s , 0 < μ < N and 2 μ , s ∗ = 2 N - μ N - 2 s . Under suitable assumptions on the potentials V(x), P(x) and Q(x), we obtain the existence and concentration of positive solutions and prove that the semiclassical solutions w ε with maximum points x ε concentrating at a special set S p characterized by V(x), P(x) and Q(x). Furthermore, for any sequence x ε → x 0 ∈ S p , v ε (x) : = w ε (ε x + x ε) converges in H s (R N) to a ground state solution v of (- Δ) s v + V (x 0) v = P (x 0) f (v) + Q (x 0) [ | x | - μ ∗ | v | 2 μ , s ∗ ] | v | 2 μ , s ∗ - 2 v , x ∈ R N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following fractional Choquard equation with critical or supercritical growth (− Δ) s u + V (x) u = [ | x | − μ ∗ F (u) ] f (u) + λ [ | x | − μ ∗ | u | p ] p | u | p − 2 u , x ∈ R N , where 02s, 0 < μ < 2 s and p ≥ 2 μ , s ∗ := (2 N − μ) / (N − 2 s) . Under some suitable conditions, we prove that the equation has a nontrivial solution for small λ > 0 by the variational method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are concerned with the following p-Laplacian equation - Δ p u + | u | p - 2 u = μ u + | u | s - 2 u , in R N , where - Δ p u = d i v (| ∇ u | p - 2 ∇ u) , 1 < p < N , μ ∈ R , s ∈ (N + 2 N p , p ∗) , p ∗ = Np N - p is the critical Sobolev exponent. Using constrained variational methods, we prove that the above problem has a normalized solution. Our contribution is that we can deal with the L 2 -supercritical case (N + 2 N p , p ∗) by a mountain-pass argument on the prescribed L 2 -norm constraint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider the following generalized quasilinear Schrödinger equation with nonlocal term − div g 2 u ∇ u + g u g ′ u ∇ u 2 + V x u = λ x − μ ∗ u p u p − 2 u , x ∈ ℝ N , where N ≥ 3 , g : ℝ → ℝ + is a C 1 even function, g 0 = 1 , g ′ s ≥ 0 is for all s ≥ 0 , lim ∣ s ∣ → + ∞ g s / s α − 1 ≔ β > 0 is for some α > 1 , and α − 1 g s ≥ g ′ s s is for all s ≥ 0 , 2 α ≤ p ≤ 2 α N − μ / N − 2 , and 0 < μ < N. We prove that the equation admits a solution by using a constrained minimization argument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the planar Schrödinger–Newton system with a Coulomb potential where the nonlinearity is super-linear at zero and exponential critical at infinity. With a weaker condition than the Nehari type monotonic condition, we obtain a least-energy sign-changing solution via the variational method. Moreover, we obtain the existence of ground states, and the energy of any nodal solution is strictly larger than two times the least energy. We also give some convergence properties of the ground states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following fractional Schrödinger equation involving critical exponent ε 2 s (− Δ) s u + V (x) u = | u | 2 s * − 2 u + λ f (u) , x ∈ R N , where 0 < s < 1, N > 2s, 2 s * = 2 N N − 2 s , λ > 0, and f is a continuous superlinear but subcritical function. Under some suitable conditions, we obtain the concentration behavior of solutions for the above equation. This improves the results in the work of Shang and Zhang [Nonlinearity 27, 187–207 (2014)]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following fractional Schrödinger equation with electromagnetic fields and critical or supercritical nonlinearity: (− Δ) A s u + V (x) u = f (x , | u | 2) u + λ | u | p − 2 u , x ∈ R N , where (− Δ) A s is the fractional magnetic operator with 0 < s < 1 , N > 2 s , λ > 0 , 2 s ∗ = 2 N N − 2 s , p ≥ 2 s ∗ , f is a subcritical nonlinearity, and V ∈ C (R N , R) and A ∈ C (R N , R N) are the electric and magnetic potentials, respectively. Under some suitable conditions, by variational methods we prove that the equation has a nontrivial solution for small λ > 0 . Our main contribution is related to the fact that we are able to deal with the case p > 2 s ∗ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following planar Schrödinger–Newton system: { − Δ u + V (x) u + λ ϕ u = f (x , u) in R 2 , Δ ϕ = u 2 in R 2 , where V, f are axially symmetric about x, V is positive, and f is super-linear at zero and exponential critical at infinity. Using a weaker condition [ f (x , u) u 3 − f (x , t u) (t u) 3 ] sign (1 − t) + θ V (x) | 1 − t 2 | (t u) 2 ≥ 0 , ∀ x ∈ R 2 , t > 0 , u ≠ 0 with θ ∈ [ 0 , 1) instead of the Nehari type monotonic condition on f (x , u) | u | 3 , we obtain a ground state solution of the above problem via variational methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The overgrowth of dendrites and polysulfide shuttle are the most critical bottlenecks preventing the extensive application of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. In this work, we report a two-in-one design of a self-supporting anode and a modified separator based on metal-organic framework (MOF) Co-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (Co-BDC) nanosheets for these challenges. On one aspect, the MOF-derivative Co-N-C nanosheets arrays supported on carbon cloth, which are obtained by the ammonia treatment of Co-MOF nanosheets, provide sufficient Li nucleation sites for avoiding dendrite growth and internal space for buffering the volume change during Li plating/stripping. On the other aspect, the MOF functionalized polypropylene separator effectively restrains the polysulfide shuttle through its adsorption and electrocatalytic effects towards polysulfide. As a result, the batteries with this MOF-based anode and separator exhibit an initial capacity of 630 mAh g−1 and an extraordinary cycle performance with an extremely low decay of 0.024 % over 1000 cycles at 5 C. Moreover, remarkable cycling stability and rate capability under enhanced sulfur loadings with reduced electrolyte content are also achieved. This study provides fresh insights into the material design for advanced Li-S batteries. • A two-in-one design realized by Co-BDC nanosheets is proposed for Li-S batteries. • The MOF-derivative Co-N-C nanosheets contribute to a uniform Li-ion deposition. • The MOF nanosheets absorb polysulfides and accelerate their catalytic conversion. • The batteries with this strategy deliver outstanding cycle and rate performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following quasilinear Schrödinger equations of the form −Δu+V(x)u−Δ(|u|2α)|u|2α−2u=g(x,u),x∈RN,where α>34, V∈C(RN,R), g∈C(RN×R,R). Some existence results for positive solutions, negative solutions and sequence of high energy solutions are obtained via a perturbation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following fractional Schrödinger equation with critical or supercritical growth (−Δ)su+V(x)u=f(x,u)+λ|u|p−2u,x∈RN,where 0  <  s  <  1, N  >  2s, λ  >  0, 2s∗=2NN−2s, p≥2s∗, ( − Δ)s denotes the fractional Laplacian of order s and f is a continuous superlinear but subcritical function. Under some suitable conditions, we prove that the equation has a nontrivial solution for small λ  >  0 by variational methods. Our main contribution is related to the fact that we are able to deal with the case p>2s∗. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following critical fractional Schrödinger equation: ( − Δ ) s u + V ( x ) u = | u | 2 s * − 2 u + λ f ( x , u ) , x ∈ R N , where λ > 0, 0 < s < 1, N > 2s, 2 s * = 2 N N − 2 s , (−Δ)s denotes the fractional Laplacian of order s, and f is a continuous superlinear but subcritical function. When V and f are asymptotically periodic in x, we prove that the equation has a ground state solution for large λ by the Nehari method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following Kirchhoff-type equation with critical or supercritical growth [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following generalized quasilinear Schrödinger equation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following generalized quasilinear Schrödinger equations: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The polysulfide shuttle and uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites are the two fatal troubles that obstruct the practical process of lithium-sulfur batteries. Herein, a composite membrane consisting of metal-organic framework (MOF) Ce-based UiO-67 and glass fiber membrane (UiO-67-GF) is proposed as a dual-functional separator for these issues. On the one hand, the introduced Ce-UiO-67 crystals are capable of efficaciously adsorbing polysulfides and catalyzing their conversion, thereby restraining their shuttle. On the other hand, this MOF provides sufficient lithium-philic functional groups for ensuring the rapid and homogeneous transport of Li ions, and thus a stable Li plating and stripping process can be acquired. Consequently, this MOF-based separator is qualified for simultaneously resolving the challenges of polysulfide shuttle and Li dendrite. The battery with the proposed separator delivers an initial capacity of 919 mAh g−1 and a limited decay rate of merely 0.04% per cycle for 500 cycles at 1 C. Moreover, even under a lean-electrolyte condition, a high area capacity of 6.0 mAh cm−2 is still obtained under the increased sulfur loading of 7.0 mg cm−2. [Display omitted] • A bifunctional Ce-UiO-67 based glass fiber separator was developed. • The separator can adsorb polysulfides and catalyze their conversion. • The separator ensures the fast and homogenous diffusion of lithium ions. • The lithium-sulfur batteries deliver impressive electrochemical performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the existence of a soliton type solution for the fractional Schrödinger equation ( − Δ ) s u + V ( x ) u + [ ( − Δ ) s u 2 ] u = λ | u | p − 1 u , u > 0 , x ∈ R N , where 0 < s < 1 , ( − Δ ) s denotes the fractional Laplacian of order s , N > 2 s , 2 s ∗ = 2 N N − 2 s , 1 < p < 2 s ∗ − 1 . We prove that the equation has a solution by using a constrained minimization argument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, we study the following Schrödinger–Kirchhoff-type equation By some special techniques, we obtain a new theorem, which improves and unites Theorems 1–4 in Wu (2011). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this article, we focus on the following fractional Schrödinger equation involving critical or supercritical exponent (P) (− Δ) s u + λ V (x) u = | u | p − 2 u + Q (x) | u | q − 2 u , x ∈ R N , where 0 < s < 1 , (− Δ) s denotes the fractional Laplacian of order s , λ ≥ 1 , N > 2 s , 2 < p < 2 s ∗ ≤ q and 2 s ∗ = 2 N N − 2 s . Under suitable assumptions on V (x) and Q (x) , we prove that the above equation possesses k pairs of sign-changing solutions for large λ by using of truncation technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following Kirchhoff-type equations with critical growth − (ε 2 a + ε b ∫ R 3 | ∇ u | 2 d x) Δ u + V (x) u = P (x) f (u) + Q (x) | u | 4 u , x ∈ R 3 , where ε > 0 , a > 0 , b > 0 and f is a continuous superlinear but subcritical nonlinearity. Under suitable assumptions on the potentials V (x) , P (x) and Q (x) , we obtain the existence and concentration of positive solutions and prove that the semiclassical solutions w ε with maximum points x ε concentrating at a special set S p characterized by V (x) , P (x) and Q (x). Furthermore, for any sequence x ε → x 0 ∈ S p , v ε (x) : = w ε (ε x + x ε) converges in H 1 (R 3) to a ground state solution v of − (a + b ∫ R 3 | ∇ v | 2 d x) Δ v + V (x 0) v = P (x 0) f (v) + Q (x 0) | v | 4 v , x ∈ R 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider the following supercritical nonlinear Schrödinger equation: (0.1) − Δ u + λ V (x) u = P (x) | u | p − 2 u + μ | u | q − 2 u , i n R N , where μ > 0 , N ≥ 3 , 2 < q < 2 ∗ ≤ p ( 2 ∗ = 2 N N − 2 ), V (x) ≥ 0 , P (x) ≥ 0 is a bounded function. By using variational method and truncation method, we prove that (0.1) has at least k pairs of sign-changing solutions for large λ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we study the following fractional Choquard equation involving upper critical exponent (− Δ) s u + V (x) u = λ f (x , u) + | x | − μ ∗ | u | 2 μ , s ∗ | u | 2 μ , s ∗ − 2 u , x ∈ R N , where λ > 0 , 0 < s < 1 , (− Δ) s denotes the fractional Laplacian of order s , N > 2 s , 0 < μ < 2 s and 2 μ , s ∗ = 2 N − μ N − 2 s . When V and f are asymptotically periodic in x , we prove that the equation has a ground state solution for large λ by Nehari method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The efficacy and safety of subxiphoid thoracoscopic thymectomy (SVATS) for early thymoma are unknown. The purposes of this meta-analysis were to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of SVATS for early thymoma, to compare it with unilateral intercostal approach video thoracoscopic surgery (IVATS) thymectomy, and to investigate the clinical efficacy of modified subxiphoid thoracoscopic thymectomy (MSVATS) for early anterior mediastinal thymoma. Methods: Original articles describing subxiphoid and unilateral intercostal approaches for thoracoscopic thymectomy to treat early thymoma published up to March 2023 were searched from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and analyzed for heterogeneity. Clinical data were retrospectively collected from all Masaoka stage I and II thymoma patients who underwent modified subxiphoid and unilateral intercostal approach thoracoscopic thymectomies between September 2020 and March 2023. The operative time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage, extubation time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative visual analog pain score (VAS), and postoperative complications were compared, and the clinical advantages of the modified subxiphoid approach for early-stage anterior mediastinal thymoma were analyzed. Results: A total of 1607 cases were included in the seven studies in this paper. Of these, 591 cases underwent SVATS thymectomies, and 1016 cases underwent IVATS thymectomies. SVATS thymectomy was compared with IVATS thymectomy in terms of age (SMD = − 0.09, 95% CI: −0.20 to − 0.03, I2 = 20%, p = 0.13), body mass index (BMI; SMD = − 0.10, 95% CI: −0.21 to − 0.01, I2 = 0%, p = 0.08), thymoma size (SMD = − 0.01, 95% CI: −0.01, I2 = 0%, p = 0.08), operative time (SMD = − 0.70, 95% CI: −1.43–0.03, I2 = 97%, p = 0.06), intraoperative bleeding (SMD = − 0.30. 95% CI: −0.66–0.06, I2 = 89%, p = 0.10), time to extubation (SMD = − 0.34, 95%CI: −0.73–0.05, I2 = 91%, p = 0.09), postoperative hospital stay (SMD = − 0.40, 95% CI: −0.93–0.12, I2 = 93%, p = 0.13), and postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR] = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.42–2.12, I2 = 57%, p = 0.88), which were not statistically significantly different between the SVATS and IVATS groups. However, the postoperative drainage in the SVATS group was less than that in the IVATS group (SMD = − 0.43, 95%CI: −0.84 to − 0.02, I2 = 88%, p = 0.04), and the difference was statistically significant. More importantly, the postoperative VAS was lower in the SVATS group on days 1 (SMD = − 1.73, 95%CI: −2.27 to − 1.19, I2 = 93%, p < 0.00001), 3 (SMD = − 1.88, 95%CI: −2.84 to − 0.81, I2 = 97%, p = 0.0005), and 7 (SMD = − 1.18, 95%CI: −2.28 to − 0.08, I2 = 97%, p = 0.04) than in the IVATS group, and these differences were statistically significant. A total of 117 patients undergoing thoracoscopic thymectomy for early thymoma in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the Second Hospital of Jilin University were retrospectively collected and included in the analysis, for which a modified subxiphoid approach was used in 42 cases and a unilateral intercostal approach was used in 75 cases. The differences between the two groups (MSVATS vs. IVATS) in general clinical characteristics such as age, sex, tumor diameter, Masaoka stage, Word Health Organization (WHO) stage, and intraoperative and postoperative conditions, including operative time, postoperative drainage, extubation time, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complication rates, were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), while BMI, intraoperative bleeding, and VAS on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7 were all statistically significant (p < 0.05) in the MSVATS group compared with the IVATS group. Conclusion: The meta-analysis showed that the conventional subxiphoid approach was superior in terms of postoperative drainage and postoperative VAS pain scores compared with the unilateral intercostal approach. Moreover, the modified subxiphoid approach had significant advantages in intraoperative bleeding and postoperative VAS pain scores compared with the unilateral intercostal approach. These results indicate that MSVATS can provide more convenient operation conditions, a better pleural cavity view, and a more complete thymectomy in the treatment of early thymoma, indicating that is a safe and feasible minimally invasive surgical method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the following nonlinear Hamiltonian elliptic system with gradient term {−ϵ2Δψ + ϵb→ ⋅ ∇ψ + ψ + V(x)φ = ƒ(|η|)φ in RN, −ϵ2Δφ − ϵb→ ⋅ ∇φ + φ + V(x)ψ = ƒ(|η|)ψ in RN, where η = (ψ, φ) : ℝN → ℝ2, ϵ is a small positive parameter and b→ is a constant vector. We require that the potential V only satisfies certain local condition. Combining this with other suitable assumptions on ƒ, we construct a family of semiclassical solutions. Moreover, the concentration phenomena around local minimum of V, convergence and exponential decay of semiclassical solutions are also explored. In the proofs we apply penalization method, linking argument and some analytical techniques since the local property of the potential and the strongly indefinite character of the energy functional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• ·A prognostic risk model was constructed by single-cell sequencing. • ·IMPDH2 is highly expressed in DLBCL and associated with poor prognosis. • ·Inhibition of IMPDH2 suppresses tumor cell malignant phenotype. • ·c-Myc regulated the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by IMPDH2. • ·IMPDH2 shapes the DLBCL immunosuppressive microenvironment. IMPDH2 is the rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo GTP synthesis pathway and has a key role in tumors; however, the specific mechanism underlying IMPDH2 activity in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is still undetermined. This study aims to explore the potential mechanism of IMPDH2 in DLBCL, and its possible involvement in double-hit lymphoma (DHL), i.e., cases with translocations involving MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6. Using single-cell sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to screen for IMPDH2. Exploring the differential expression of IMPDH2 and its correlation with prognosis through multiplexed immunofluorescence analysis. Using CCK8, EdU, clone formation assay, and animal model to analyze biological behavior changes after inhibiting IMPDH2. Explaining the potential mechanism of IMPDH2 in DLBCL by Western blot and multiplexed immunofluorescence. Prognostic risk model was constructed by single-cell sequencing, which identified IMPDH2 as a DHL-related gene. IMPDH2 was highly expressed in cell lines and tissues, associated with poor patient prognosis and an independent prognostic factor. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that IMPDH2 inhibition significantly inhibited DHL cell proliferation. Flow cytometry showed apoptosis and cycle arrest. Western blot results suggested that c-Myc regulated the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by IMPDH2 to promote tumor development in DHL. Moreover, multiplex immunofluorescence revealed decreased T-cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment exhibiting concurrent high expression of IMPDH2 and PD-L1. Our results suggest that IMPDH2 functions as a tumor-promoting factor in DHL. This finding is expected to generate novel insights into the pathogenesis of these patients, thereby identifying potential therapeutic targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]