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Adenosine monophosphate deaminase (AMPD) and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) are both key enzymes that rely on adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to regulate energy metabolism and play an important role in cellular metabolism. The article introduces the influence of AMPD and AMPK on the activity of lipid metabolism-related enzymes and their reciprocal regulatory interactions mediated by insulin signaling molecules. The paper analyzes their collaborative regulation mechanisms in cellular energy metabolism and lipid synthesis in pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and lipid metabolism, providing an overview of research outcomes related to the application of AMPD and AMPK in animal production. The review summarizes the impact of AMPD and AMPK, as well as their interactions, on lipid metabolism mechanisms. Through a comprehensive study of lipid metabolism pathways, the study aims to enhance understanding in animal production. Additionally, by further elucidating lipid synthesis pathways to understand the lipid accumulation mechanism in oleaginous microorganisms, the study aims to provide insights for increasing lipid production in oleaginous microorganisms, producing palatable animal feed, and improving animal welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]