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755 results on '"Li, Shujin"'

1. Adult dental epithelial stem cell-derived organoids deposit hydroxylapatite biomineral.

Author

Kim, Hyun-Yi, Cooley, Victoria, Kim, Eun-Jung, Li, Shujin, Lee, Jong-Min, Sheyfer, Dina, Liu, Wenjun, Klein, Ophir, Joester, Derk, and Jung, Han-Sung

Subjects
Mice, Animals, Durapatite, Dental Enamel, Ameloblasts, Amelogenesis, Stem Cells, Organoids
Abstract

Ameloblasts are specialized cells derived from the dental epithelium that produce enamel, a hierarchically structured tissue comprised of highly elongated hydroxylapatite (OHAp) crystallites. The unique function of the epithelial cells synthesizing crystallites and assembling them in a mechanically robust structure is not fully elucidated yet, partly due to limitations with in vitro experimental models. Herein, we demonstrate the ability to generate mineralizing dental epithelial organoids (DEOs) from adult dental epithelial stem cells (aDESCs) isolated from mouse incisor tissues. DEOs expressed ameloblast markers, could be maintained for more than five months (11 passages) in vitro in media containing modulators of Wnt, Egf, Bmp, Fgf and Notch signaling pathways, and were amenable to cryostorage. When transplanted underneath murine kidney capsules, organoids produced OHAp crystallites similar in composition, size, and shape to mineralized dental tissues, including some enamel-like elongated crystals. DEOs are thus a powerful in vitro model to study mineralization process by dental epithelium, which can pave the way to understanding amelogenesis and developing regenerative therapy of enamel.

Published
2023

5. Quantum Dueling: an Efficient Solution for Combinatorial Optimization

Author

Tang, Letian, Wang, Haorui, Li, Zhengyang, Tang, Haozhan, Zhang, Chi, and Li, Shujin

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

In this paper, we present a new algorithm for generic combinatorial optimization, which we term quantum dueling. Traditionally, potential solutions to the given optimization problems were encoded in a ``register'' of qubits. Various techniques are used to increase the probability of finding the best solution upon measurement. Quantum dueling innovates by integrating an additional qubit register, effectively creating a ``dueling'' scenario where two sets of solutions compete. This dual-register setup allows for a dynamic amplification process: in each iteration, one register is designated as the 'opponent', against which the other register's more favorable solutions are enhanced through a controlled quantum search. This iterative process gradually steers the quantum state within both registers toward the optimal solution. With a quantitative contraction for the evolution of the state vector, classical simulation under a broad range of scenarios and hyper-parameter selection schemes shows that a quadratic speedup is achieved, which is further tested in more real-world situations. In addition, quantum dueling can be generalized to incorporate arbitrary quantum search techniques and as a quantum subroutine within a higher-level algorithm. Our work demonstrates that increasing the number of qubits allows the development of previously unthought-of algorithms, paving the way for advancement of efficient quantum algorithm design., Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures

Published
2023

11. Induced superconductivity in magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene through graphene-metal contacts

Author

Li, Shujin, Zheng, Guanyuan, and Huang, Junlin

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene (MATTG) recently exhibited robust superconductivity at a higher transition temperature (TC) than the bilayer version. With electric gating from both the top and bottom sides, the superconductivity was found to be closely associated to two conditions: the finite broken mirror symmetry and carrier concentrations between two to three carriers per moir\'e unite cell. Both conditions may be achieved by graphene-metal contacts where charge transfers and interfacial electric fields are generated to balance work function mismatch. In this study, we explore the superconductivity of MATTG when contacting a metal, through self-consistently solving the interfacial charge transfer with a highly electric-field-dependent band structure of MATTG. The predicted TC of MATTG-metal contacts forms two domes as a function of the work function difference over the interface, with a maximum over 2 K. Our work provides a constructive reference for graphene experiments and industrial applications with graphene-metal and graphene-semiconductor contacts., Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures

Published
2021

12. Combating coal-burning-borne endemic arsenism in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China: The impact of high-arsenic coal ban, improved cook-stoves, and health education

Author

Ning, Yujie, Wang, Chaowei, Li, Shujin, Chen, Sijie, Zhang, Feiyu, Zhou, Rong, Yuan, Yuequan, Lv, Xi, Wu, Yifan, Zhang, Yu, Fan, Zhongxue, Li, Xiaoqian, Guo, Xiong, Shi, Zhi, Liu, Yanli, Chen, Feihong, Bai, Guanglu, Liu, Xiaoli, Li, Yue, Bai, Aimei, Zhang, Qingping, Dai, Hongxing, Wang, Yaofei, Chen, Ping, and Wang, Xi

Published
2024
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39. Identification of Novel FZD4 Mutations in Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy and Investigating the Pathogenic Mechanisms of FZD4 Mutations

Author

Dai, Erkuan, primary, Liu, Min, additional, Li, Shujin, additional, Zhang, Xiang, additional, Wang, Shiyuan, additional, Zhao, Rulian, additional, He, Yunqi, additional, Peng, Li, additional, Lv, Liting, additional, Xiao, Haodong, additional, Yang, Mu, additional, Yang, Zhenglin, additional, and Zhao, Peiquan, additional

Published
2024
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50. The Regulation of Frontal Cortex Cholesterol Metabolism Abnormalities by NR3C1/NRIP1/NR1H2 Is Involved in the Occurrence of Stress-Induced Depression.

Author

Shi, Rui, Li, Yingmin, Zhu, Weihao, Xin, Hongjian, Yang, Huihuang, Feng, Xiaowei, Wang, Zhen, Li, Shujin, Cong, Bin, and Shi, Weibo

Abstract

Stress-induced alterations in central neuron metabolism and function are crucial contributors to depression onset. However, the metabolic dysfunctions of the neurons associated with depression and specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study initially analyzed the relationship between cholesterol and depression using the NHANES database. We then induced depressive-like behaviors in mice via restraint stress. Applying bioinformatics, pathology, and molecular biology, we observed the pathological characteristics of brain cholesterol homeostasis and investigated the regulatory mechanisms of brain cholesterol metabolism disorders. Through the NHANES database, we initially confirmed a significant correlation between cholesterol metabolism abnormalities and depression. Furthermore, based on successful stress mouse model establishment, we discovered the number of cholesterol-related DEGs significantly increased in the brain due to stress, and exhibited regional heterogeneity. Further investigation of the frontal cortex, a brain region closely related to depression, revealed stress caused significant disruption to key genes related to cholesterol metabolism, including HMGCR, CYP46A1, ACAT1, APOE, ABCA1, and LDLR, leading to an increase in total cholesterol content and a significant decrease in synaptic proteins PSD-95 and SYN. This indicates cholesterol metabolism affects neuronal synaptic plasticity and is associated with stress-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. Adeno-associated virus interference with NR3C1 in the prefrontal cortex of mice subjected to short-term stress resulted in reduced protein levels of NRIP1, NR1H2, ABCA1, and total cholesterol content. At the same time, it increased synaptic proteins PSD95 and SYN, effectively alleviating depressive-like behavior. Therefore, these results suggest that short-term stress may induce cholesterol metabolism disorders by activating the NR3C1/NRIP1/NR1H2 signaling pathway. This impairs neuronal synaptic plasticity and consequently participates in depressive-like behavior in mice. These findings suggest that abnormal cholesterol metabolism in the brain induced by stress is a significant contributor to depression onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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