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Previous studies reported that the association between statins use and influenza infection was contradictory. A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies were performed to determine the association between statins use and influenza susceptibility. The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, from each database's inception to 21 May 2023. The fixed effect model and random effects model were used for data synthesis. In our study, a total of 1,472,239 statins users and 1,486,881 statins non-users from five articles were included. The pooled risk ratio (RR) of all included participants was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03–1.07), and there were still significant differences after adjusting for vaccination status. Of note, RR values in statins users were 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03–1.08) in people aged ≥60 years old and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03–1.07) in participant groups with a higher proportion of females. Administration of statins might be associated with an increased risk of influenza infection, especially among females and elderly people. For those people using statins, we should pay more attention to surveillance of their health conditions and take measures to prevent influenza infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lighting accounts for one-fifth of global electricity consumption.sup.1. Single materials with efficient and stable white-light emission are ideal for lighting applications, but photon emission covering the entire visible spectrum is difficult to achieve using a single material. Metal halide perovskites have outstanding emission properties.sup.2,3; however, the best-performing materials of this type contain lead and have unsatisfactory stability. Here we report a lead-free double perovskite that exhibits efficient and stable white-light emission via self-trapped excitons that originate from the Jahn-Teller distortion of the AgCl.sub.6 octahedron in the excited state. By alloying sodium cations into Cs.sub.2AgInCl.sub.6, we break the dark transition (the inversion-symmetry-induced parity-forbidden transition) by manipulating the parity of the wavefunction of the self-trapped exciton and reduce the electronic dimensionality of the semiconductor.sup.4. This leads to an increase in photoluminescence efficiency by three orders of magnitude compared to pure Cs.sub.2AgInCl.sub.6. The optimally alloyed Cs.sub.2(Ag.sub.0.60Na.sub.0.40)InCl.sub.6 with 0.04 per cent bismuth doping emits warm-white light with 86 [plus or minus] 5 per cent quantum efficiency and works for over 1,000 hours. We anticipate that these results will stimulate research on single-emitter-based white-light-emitting phosphors and diodes for next-generation lighting and display technologies.After alloying with metal cations, a lead-free halide double perovskite shows stable performance and remarkably efficient white-light emission, with possible applications in lighting and display technologies., Author(s): Jiajun Luo [sup.1] , Xiaoming Wang [sup.2] , Shunran Li [sup.1] , Jing Liu [sup.1] , Yueming Guo [sup.3] , Guangda Niu [sup.1] , Li Yao [sup.1] , Yuhao [...]

The layer stacking order in 2D materials strongly affects functional properties and holds promise for next-generation electronic devices. In bulk, octahedral MoTe2 possesses two stacking arrangements, the ferroelectric Weyl semimetal Td phase and the higher-order topological insulator 1T′ phase. However, in thin flakes of MoTe2, it is unclear if the layer stacking follows the Td, 1T′, or an alternative stacking sequence. Here, we use atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy to directly visualize the MoTe2 layer stacking. In thin flakes, we observe highly disordered stacking, with nanoscale 1T′ and Td domains, as well as alternative stacking arrangements not found in the bulk. We attribute these findings to intrinsic confinement effects on the MoTe2 stacking-dependent free energy. Our results are important for the understanding of exotic physics displayed in MoTe2 flakes. More broadly, this work suggests c-axis confinement as a method to influence layer stacking in other 2D materials. The layer stacking order in 2D materials can be used to control functional properties. Here, the authors find a thickness effect, where thin flakes of MoTe2 display stacking arrangements different from bulk crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work we report a strategy for generating porosity in hybrid metal halide materials using molecular cages that serve as both structure‐directing agents and counter‐cations. Reaction of the [2.2.2] cryptand (DHS) linker with PbII in acidic media gave rise to the first porous and water‐stable 2D metal halide semiconductor (DHS)2Pb5Br14. The corresponding material is stable in water for a year, while gas and vapor‐sorption studies revealed that it can selectively and reversibly adsorb H2O and D2O at room temperature (RT). Solid‐state NMR measurements and DFT calculations verified the incorporation of H2O and D2O in the organic linker cavities and shed light on their molecular configuration. In addition to porosity, the material exhibits broad light emission centered at 617 nm with a full width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of 284 nm (0.96 eV). The recorded water stability is unparalleled for hybrid metal halide and perovskite materials, while the generation of porosity opens new pathways towards unexplored applications (e.g. solid‐state batteries) for this class of hybrid semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) possess color-tunable and narrow-band emissions and are very promising for lighting and display applications, but they suffer from lead toxicity and instability. Although lead-free Bi-based and Sn-based perovskite QDs (CsSnX3, Cs2SnX6, and (CH3NH3)3Bi2X9) are reported, they all show low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and poor stability. Here, the synthesis of Cs3Bi2Br9 perovskite QDs with high PLQY and excellent stability is reported. Via a green and facile process using ethanol as the antisolvent, as-synthesized Cs3Bi2Br9 QDs show a blue emission at 410 nm with a PLQY up to 19.4%. The whole series of Cs3Bi2X9 (X = Cl, Br, and I) QDs by mixing precursors can cover the photoluminescence emission range from 393 to 545 nm. Furthermore, Cs3Bi2Br9 QDs show excellent photostability and moisture stability due to the all-inorganic nature and the surface passivation by BiOBr, which enables the one-pot synthesis of Cs3Bi2Br9 QD/silica composite. A lead-free perovskite white light-emitting diode is fabricated by simply combining the composite of Cs3Bi2Br9 QD/silica with Y3Al5O12 phosphor. As a new member of lead-free perovskite QDs, Cs3Bi2Br9 QDs open up a new route for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices due to their excellent stability and photophysical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous and water‐stable hybrid semiconductors as multifunctional materials display traits that are essential for demanding commercial applications. In their Research Article (e202218429), Ioannis Spanopoulos and co‐workers report a strategy for generating porosity in hybrid metal halide semiconductors by using molecular cages as both structure‐directing agents and counter‐cations. This strategy gave rise to a direct bandgap semiconductor with record water stability and selective vapor sorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their Research Article (e202218429), Ioannis Spanopoulos and co-workers report a strategy for generating porosity in hybrid metal halide semiconductors by using molecular cages as both structure-directing agents and counter-cations. Keywords: Broad Light Emission; Gas Separation; Microporous Materials; Semiconductors; Water Stability EN Broad Light Emission Gas Separation Microporous Materials Semiconductors Water Stability 1 1 1 03/09/23 20230313 NES 230313 B Porous and water-stable b hybrid semiconductors as multifunctional materials display traits that are essential for demanding commercial applications. Inside Cover: Porous and Water Stable 2D Hybrid Metal Halide with Broad Light Emission and Selective H2O Vapor Sorption (Angew. [Extracted from the article]

In this work we report a strategy for generating porosity in hybrid metal halide materials using molecular cages that serve as both structure-directing agents and counter-cations. Reaction of the [2.2.2] cryptand (DHS) linker with Pb II in acidic media gave rise to the first porous and water-stable 2D metal halide semiconductor (DHS) 2 Pb 5 Br 14 . The corresponding material is stable in water for a year, while gas and vapor-sorption studies revealed that it can selectively and reversibly adsorb H 2 O and D 2 O at room temperature (RT). Solid-state NMR measurements and DFT calculations verified the incorporation of H 2 O and D 2 O in the organic linker cavities and shed light on their molecular configuration. In addition to porosity, the material exhibits broad light emission centered at 617 nm with a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 284 nm (0.96 eV). The recorded water stability is unparalleled for hybrid metal halide and perovskite materials, while the generation of porosity opens new pathways towards unexplored applications (e.g. solid-state batteries) for this class of hybrid semiconductors., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Lead halide perovskites have recently shown great potential as X-ray scintillators; however, the toxicity of the lead element seriously restricts their applications. Herein we report a new lead-free and self-absorption-free scintillator based on Rb 2 CuCl 3 metal halide. The Rb 2 CuCl 3 exhibits a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (99.4%) as well as a long photoluminescence lifetime (11.3 μs). Furthermore, Rb 2 CuCl 3 demonstrates an appreciable light yield of 16 600 photons per megaelectronvolt and a large scintillation response with a linear range from 48.6 nGy air s -1 to 15.7 μGy air s -1 . Notably, the detection limit is as low as 88.5 nGy air s -1 , enabling a reduced radiation dose to the human body when a medical and security check is conducted. In addition, Rb 2 CuCl 3 exhibits good stability against the atmosphere, continuous ultraviolet light, as well as X-ray irradiation. The combination of the decent scintillation performance, low toxicity and good stability suggests the Rb 2 CuCl 3 could be a possible promising X-ray scintillator.

In this Letter, we report the broadband photoluminescence of lead-free double perovskite Cs 2 Na 0.4 Ag 0.6 In 0.95 Bi 0.05 Cl 6 :Mn 2+ . Under ultraviolet excitation, the white phosphor shows two emission peaks at 550 nm and 610 nm from self-trapped exciton and doped Mn 2+ ions, respectively, leading to a broad emission spectrum over the whole visible spectrum suitable for lighting application. The white-light-emitting diodes exhibit high light quality with CIE coordinates (0.38, 0.42) and color rendering index of 82.6. The mechanism of luminescence of this double perovskite is also discussed in this Letter.

Recently, Bi-doped Cs 2 Ag 0.6 Na 0.4 InCl 6 lead-free double perovskites demonstrating efficient warm-white emission have been reported. To enable the solution processing and enrich the application fields of this promising material, here a colloidal synthesis of Cs 2 Ag 1- x Na x In 1- y Bi y Cl 6 nanocrystals is further developed. Different from its bulk states, the emission color temperatures of the nanocrystal can be tuned from 9759.7 to 4429.2 K by Na + and Bi 3+ incorporation. Furthermore, the newly developed nanocrystals can break the wavefunction symmetry of the self-trapped excitons by partial replacement of Ag + ions with Na + ions and consequently allow radiative recombination. Assisted with Bi 3+ ions doping and ligand passivation, the photoluminescence quantum yield of the Cs 2 Ag 0.17 Na 0.83 In 0.88 Bi 0.12 Cl 6 nanocrystals is further promoted to 64%, which is the highest value for lead-free perovskite nanocrystals at present. The new colloidal nanocrystals with tunable color temperature and efficient photoluminescence are expected to greatly advance the research progress of lead-free perovskites in single-emitter-based white emitting materials and devices., (© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)