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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tau-10.1177_17562872221079473 for Surgery improves survival in bladder signet-ring cell carcinoma-a population-based study by Mohammed Alradhi, Mohammed Safi, Shenghua Tao, Abdullah Al-danakh, Marwan Almoiliqy, Salem Baldi and Xiancheng Li in Therapeutic Advances in Urology

We present a quality control methodology for the currents of marine controlled-source electromagnetic transmitters . The quality level of the transmitting current directly affects the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the electromagnetic-field data, as received by a multicomponent electromagnetic receiver from the seabed. Although the transmitting-current stability is sufficient under normal circumstances, the SNR of the received signal can change owing to factors such as outside noise. In some emergency cases such as instrument failure or a sudden increase in electromagnetic interference that we are not aware of, the frequency and properties of the transmitting current, such as its size and waveform, may change. The traditional current monitoring and data playback tools fail to detect and evaluate the anomalies well and in a timely manner, which introduces considerable errors in the later data-processing procedure. Pertaining to these issues, this paper proposes a comprehensive quality evaluation method for the transmitting current. The proposed algorithm, based on the analytic hierarchy process, is first used to analyze five current stability parameters – current frequency, positive amplitudes, negative amplitudes, discrepancy of ideal waveform, and waveform repetition – and then to define the harmonic energy and calculate the quality of transmitting current (QTC) index of the final data to assess the quality of the transmitting current comprehensively. The results of a marine experiment performed in 2016 show that the algorithm can identify abnormal current data and quantitatively evaluate the current conditions. Under normal circumstances, the QTC index is less than 2 %. The key findings are that the QTC index changes to more than 4 % and some curvilinear features are observed if the transmitting-current quality is poor. These results will provide a positive, significant guide for the evaluation and monitoring of transmitting-current data in marine experiments.

To analyze the efficacy and safety between bipolar transurethral enucleation of the prostate (BipoLEP) and bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B-TURP). One hundred twenty eight patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were recruited and divided into group 1 (BipoLEP group, n = 72) and group 2 (B-TURP group, n = 56). The study period was from October 2016 to February 2019. All data parameters were prospectively collected and analyzed. In these 2 groups, there were no significant differences of the mean ages (71.88 ± 6.54 years vs 73.05 ± 7.05 years, P = .407), prostate volumes (99.14 ± 9.5 mL vs 95.08 ± 10.93 mL, P = .302) and the mean operation times (93.7 ± 27.5 minutes vs 89.8 ± 22.4 minutes, P = .065). In BipoLEP group, it had more prostate tissue resected (64.2 ± 22.1 g vs 52.7 ± 28.6 g, P = .018), less duration of continuous bladder irrigation (20.7 ± 6.5 hours vs 29.6 ± 8.3 hours, P = .044), shorter catheterization time (4.3 ± 1.5 days vs 5.6 ± 2.1 days, P = .032), shorter hospitalization stay (5.2 ± 1.4 days vs 6.5 ± 1.9 days, P = .031) and less complications (3 cases vs 9 cases, P = .021). There were significant improvements in 3-month postoperative parameters, including: post void residual urine, maximum flow rate, International Prostatic Symptoms Scale, and quality of life in each group (p .05). BipoLEP can produce a more radical prostatic resection with better safety profile and faster postoperative recovery. It may become a more favorable surgical alternative to the B-TURP, especially for the prostate larger than 80 g.

A marine controlled-source electromagnetic transmitter is an important and effective detection device for detecting methane hydrate zones and oil and gas reservoirs on the seafloor. With the deepening of its research, large current transmission has become a prevalent means to achieve deeper detection. However, the increase of current causes severe electromagnetic interference in the transmitting chamber and results in a large error in the collection of temperature and power supply voltage. Therefore, it is essential to improve the anti-interference ability of the acquisition system. In this paper, we analyzed the main interference sources and their conduction, and designed a distributed acquisition system based on the controller area network bus and used a variety of anti-interference methods to reduce the effect of interference. To verify the system’s reliability, we simulated a marine environment and tested it. The experimental results showed that the system still could send the real-time data accurately to the mainframe monitoring system when the transmitting current was up to 1528 A.

Marine Controlled-Source Electromagnetic (MCSEM) methods have been recognized as an important and effective tool in accurate analysis of shallow electrically resistive structures such as oil, gas and gas hydrate. However, the MCSEM performance in the deep ocean is strongly affected by the hardware design, especially the transmitter system. We have developed a series of deep-towed MCSEM transmitter systems. The design of the transmitter system meets serious challenges such as long-distance and high-voltage transmission, water sealing under high-pressure, the real-time monitoring of seafloor status information 4 km below the sea-surface. In this paper, we present the latest research and development of the MCSEM transmitter systems by presenting key technologies in hardware development and implementation details. The deep tow transmitter system consists of three parts: the deck unit, the deep tow cable and the deep tow unit, which can transmit the high frequency and high power to the seawater, maintaining a high-speed data communication with control center which in the ship’s lab. We conducted several experiments in the South China Sea from August of 2010, to November of 2019. The results showed that the development of the transmitter is successful and it can be used for oil, gas and gas hydrate exploration as an effective source.