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The Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is a marine fish that undergoes a dramatic postembryonic metamorphosis, with the right eye shifting to the left and its lifestyle transitioning from planktonic to benthic. As the light environment of the habitat changes from bright to dim, its photoreceptor system also undergoes adaptive change. Growth differentiation factor 6a (Gdf6a) is a member of the BMP family, which plays a key role in regulating the dorsal–ventral pattern of the retina and photoreceptor fate, and the differentiation of different photoreceptors is also modulated by a thyroid hormone (TH) binding its receptor (TR). However, the relationship between gdf6a and TH and its role in the regulation of photoreceptors during flounder metamorphosis is still poorly understood. In this study, bioinformatics analysis showed that Gdf6a had a conserved TGFB structural domain and clusters with fishes. The expression analysis showed that the expression of gdf6a was highest in the eye tissue of adult flounder and tended to increase and then decrease during metamorphosis, reaching its highest levels at the peak of metamorphosis. Moreover, the expression of gdf6a increased in the early stages of metamorphosis after exogenous TH treatment, while it was inhibited after exogenous thiourea (a TH inhibitor, TU) treatment. To further investigate the targeting role of TH and gdf6a in the metamorphosis of flounder, the results of the Dual-Luciferase revealed that triiodothyronine (T3) may regulate the expression of gdf6a through TRβ. In conclusion, we speculate that TH influences the development of cone photoreceptors during the metamorphosis of the flounder by regulating the expression of gdf6a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a conventional form of gear failure，crack-wear coupled damage dramatically changes the vibration characteristics of a gear transmission system .In order to verify the influences of the coupled damage on the vibration characteristics of the transmission system，a dynamics model of spur gear transmission system，in which included the effect of crack and wear，is established，and its vibration analysis is carried out. Firstly，the nonlinear dynamics model of spur gear transmission system is established by means of lumped parameter method，the influence of tooth crack on mesh stiffness of gear pair is analyzed based on potential energy method. The comprehensive quantity of tooth surface wear is calculated by wear simulation，and the tooth surface wear is being introduced to the displacement excitation of the transmission system. Then，the steady dynamics responses of the transmission system are solved by Runge-Kutta method，and the vibration characteristics of spur gear system with crack-wear coupled damage mode are analyzed. The results show that crack-wear coupled damage induce amplitude modulation and frequency modulation of the system vibration，and it will produce more obvious mesh impact than a single damage.

Input-queued cell switches employing the oldest-cell-first (OCF) policy have been shown to yield low mean delay characteristics. Moreover, it has been proven that OCF is stable for admissible traffic conditions when executed with a scheduling speedup of 2. However, as link speeds increase, the computational complexity of these algorithms limits their applicability in high port-density switches and routers. To address the scalability issue, we describe a Frame-Based Maximal Weight Matching (FMWM) algorithm, employing OCF as queue weights, in which a new scheduling decision is issued once every several cell times. Between scheduling decisions, the configuration of the crossbar switch remains unchanged. We further extend the analysis to address the case of multiple classes of service, and prove that the algorithm is stable with an internal buffer transfer speedup of 2, thereby significantly relaxing the timing constraints imposed on the scheduling process. Index Terms--Packet scheduling algorithms, stability analysis, switching architectures.