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Finesse is a critical parameter for describing the characteristics of an optical enhancement cavity (OEC). The paper first presents a review of finesse measurement techniques, including a comparative analysis of the advantages, disadvantages, and potential limitations of several main methods from both theoretical and practical perspectives. A variant of the existing method called the free spectral range (FSR) modulation method is proposed and compared with three other finesse measurement methods: the fast-switching cavity ring-down (CRD) method, the rapidly swept-frequency (SF) CRD method, and the ringing effect method. A high-power OEC platform with a high finesse of approximately 16,000 is built and measured with the four methods. The performance of these methods is compared, and the results show that the FSR modulation method and the fast-switching CRD method are more suitable and accurate than the other two methods for high-finesse OEC measurements. The CRD method and the ringing effect method can be implemented in open loop using simple equipment and are easy to perform. Additionally, recommendations for selecting finesse measurement methods under different conditions are proposed, which benefit the development of OEC and its applications.

Background Suicidality is common in people living with HIV/AIDS. However, the prevalence estimates of the suicidality vary between studies. Here, we performed a systematic review and estimated the prevalence of suicidal behavior in this population. Methods Systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO for relevant studies published before August 29, 2020. A random-effects model was used to pool the estimates of the prevalence of suicidal ideation, attempts and plans, which were also stratified by continent or region and screening instrument from the studies included in this meta-analysis. Results Suicide prevalence data were extracted from 36 studies(n=32,818) from 15 countries. The overall pooled crude prevalence estimates of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts were 20.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 16.5-21.6%],8.1% (95% CI 5.4-11.3%), and 7.5% (95% CI 5.7-9.5%), respectively. For lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts prevalence, this was 22.4% (95% CI 15.9-29.8%), and 12.0% (95% CI 6.9- 18.1%), respectively. Summary prevalence estimates ranged across assessment modalities from 6.5% to 33.7%. Pooled estimates were generally higher for females, as compared with males (risk ratios in the range 1.48-1.85). The leave-one-out analysis showed that no single study significantly affected the final pooled results.

We developed a new strategy to overcome the MDR of etoposide using self-assembling nanofibers. Compared with the original etoposide, the inhibitory activity of Nap-GFFpYK-etoposide1/2 against murine Lewis lung cancer or breast cancer cells was increased 10 times, and 20 times on these cells with artificially overexpressed MDR1. Our method to synthesize and separate etoposide isomers provides a new strategy for the modification of this drug.

We conducted an 8-week feeding trial to determine the effects of dietary starch levels on growth performance, body composition, and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile soft-shelled turtles. Six fish meal-based diets containing 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 and 420 g kg−1 cornstarch were formulated. Body weight gain (BWG), crude protein concentration in whole body, as well as protease activity increased with increasing dietary starch levels until the highest at 240–300 g kg−1, but it was decreased at higher dietary starch content. In contrast, the feed conversion ratio, moisture content and hepatosomatic index were the lowest at 240–300 g kg−1 of cornstarch. The weight gain correlated significantly with the survival rate, the crude protein composition and the protease activity, but correlated negatively to the moisture content and the hepatosomatic index. The optimal dietary starch levels for the maximum BWG and maximum protease activity were 267.25 g kg−1 and 266.79 g kg−1, respectively. The α-amylase activity was the lowest at 120 g · kg−1 of cornstarch, and increased with increasing cornstrach content. The lipase activity and the amount of crude lipid in the turtles were not influenced by dietary cornstarch. Our results suggest that around 300 g kg−1 of cornstarch in diets is optimal for juvenile soft-shelled turtles.

Let L be a Schrodinger operator of the form L = −Δ + V acting on L2(ℝ n ) where the nonnegative potential V belongs to the reverse Holder class B q for some q ≥ n. In this article we will show that a function f ∈ L2,λ(ℝ n ), 0 < λ < n, is the trace of the solution of Lu = −u tt + L u = 0, u(x, 0) = f(x), where u satisfies a Carleson type condition $$\mathop {\sup }\limits_{{x_B},{r_B}} r_B^{ - \lambda }\int_0^{{r_B}} {\int_{B\left( {{x_B},{r_B}} \right)} {t{{\left| {\nabla u\left( {x,t} \right)} \right|}^2}dxdt \leqslant C < \infty .} } $$ Its proof heavily relies on investigate the intrinsic relationship between the classical Morrey spaces and the new Campanato spaces L 2,λ (ℝ n ) associated to the operator L, i.e. $$L_L^{2,\lambda }\left( {{\mathbb{R}^n}} \right) = {L^{2,\lambda }}\left( {{\mathbb{R}^n}} \right).$$ Conversely, this Carleson type condition characterizes all the L-harmonic functions whose traces belong to the space L2,λ(ℝ n ) for all 0 < λ < n.

The external traffic environment has a big influence to the traffic safety during the area of traffic conflict place，and to analysis the relationship between the external traffic environment factors and driving safety is helpful to improve the traffic safety. The method of comprehensive analysis the historical data and expert survey data is used to explore this question. And at the same time, the collision risk prediction model during the traffic conflict place is built by the Bayesian network. According to the data analyzing, the node variable, the state of variable and the conditional probability table of this model is also built. Finally, the software of Hugin is used to deal with the posteriori probability of collision risk, and the result proved that this model can predict the collision risk accurately during the traffic conflict area, and the data analyzing showed that the factor of the driver's intention, the vehicle speed and the headway have a significance influence to the traffic safety.