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In this article, we investigate the dynamics of a nonautonomous stochastic strongly damped wave equation defined on ℝN$$ {\mathrm{\mathbb{R}}}^N $$. We first use the energy equation and tail‐estimates to prove the asymptotic compactness of the solutions and obtain the existence of a unique pullback random attractor for the equation with critical nonlinearity. Then, we give an upper bound of fractal dimension of the random attractor when the nonlinearity is of subcritical growth. The unboundedness of the physical space will impose difficulties on the estimation for the upper bound of fractal dimension of the random attractor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paternal love plays a crucial role in a child’s moral sensitivity. Previous studies in psychology focused on exploring the relationship between mother figures and their children’s moral development, while there needed to be more research on paternal love. Moreover, the potential path by which father-love absence affects an individual’s moral sensitivity is still unclear. Thus, based on social learning theory, we explored the mediating roles of awe and perspective-taking in the relationship between the lack of fatherly love and individuals’ moral sensitivity. 1,795 adolescents living in mainland China were recruited to participate in the study. They were asked to complete four different assessment scales, including the Father-Love Absence Scale (FLAS), the Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C Scale (IRI-C), the Dispositional Positive Emotion Scale (DPES), and the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ). The results showed that, firstly, father-love absence directly negatively affected children’s moral sensitivity. Secondly, awe emotion mediated the effect of father-love absence on children’s moral sensitivity. Thirdly, perspective-taking ability mediated the effect of father-love absence on children’s moral sensitivity. This study provided theoretical support to explore factors in enhancing individuals’ moral sensitivity, such as inhibiting father-love absence by experiencing awe emotion and promoting the ability of perspective-taking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary school children are in a critical period of growth, and childhood emotional maltreatment (CEM) can have a tremendous negative impact, leading to smartphone addiction (SPA). Considering developmental trajectories has significant implications for understanding the relationship between CEM and SPA. This study was conducted with 208 Chinese primary school children to investigate the developmental trajectories of SPA and CEM during children's development, the relationship between the two developmental trajectories, and the influence of gender on the two developmental trajectories through a three-year, three-wave longitudinal study. The study found a linear increase with age in both SPA and CEM in primary school children. Further, the initial level of SPA was significantly higher in boys than girls. Finally, the developmental trajectory of CEM positively predicted the developmental trajectory of SPA. This study contributes to understanding the developmental trajectory of SPA and CEM in the child population. It provides theoretical support and practical guidance for preventing and intervening SPA in children from the perspective of the family environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pumps as turbines (PATs) are used in petroleum and chemical industries to recover high-pressure residual energy. Multistage PATs allow for a wider energy recovery interval and wider range of applications. However, because multistage centrifugal pumps were not originally designed for turbine conditions, complex pressure fluctuations occur, impacting the stable operation and performance of multistage PAT. Pressure fluctuation is essentially a wave, and by analogy with the wave intensity definition, pressure fluctuations were quantified using the pressure wave energy flow density, and the pressure fluctuation patterns at different stages were investigated. The findings reveal significant differences in the intensity of pressure fluctuations at different locations within the multistage PAT. Specifically, the pressure fluctuation intensity is significantly higher from the second to the final stage, compared to the first stage. The difference in inlet flow conditions is the main reason for this difference in pressure fluctuations between stages. The inlet inflow from the second to the final stage is subject to rotational effects that exacerbate the difference in pressure fluctuation intensity between stages. Pressure fluctuations are found to be negatively related to the distance from the source of fluctuations and positively related to the flow state. Different flow conditions and interaction regions of the impeller affect the distribution of pressure fluctuation intensity and the distribution of pressure fluctuation energy across different frequency domains within the guide vanes. The main source of fluctuations in the shaft frequency and four times the shaft frequency is the impeller inlet interaction region, whereas the fluctuations in the blade passing frequency originate from the impeller outlet interaction region. This paper provides a reference for improving the stable operation of multistage PATs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes A-share listed companies during 2010–2021 as the research object, and finds that the digital transformation (DT) of enterprises affects investors’ trading behaviours; more specifically, the digital transformation of enterprises increases investor divergence. This paper also finds that external governance factors mitigate the impact of digital transformation on investor divergence; specifically, analyst tracking mitigates the impact of digital transformation on investor divergence by alleviating information asymmetry. As more professional investors, institutional investors have stronger information mining and analysis capabilities, so the impact of digital transformation on investor divergence could also be mitigated with the increase in the proportion of institutional investors. The intermediary mechanism test suggests that corporate digital transformation triggers investor divergence by increasing surplus volatility. Further research finds that, firstly, different approaches to digital transformation have different impacts, with digital transformation through self-developed technology being more likely to trigger investor divergence. Secondly, different firm natures have different impacts, with the digital transformation of non-high-tech firms having relatively greater impacts on investor divergence. Finally, the digital transformation of non-state-owned enterprises has greater impact on investor analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon family elements (Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) have attracted a lot of attention because of their unique structural features and potential applications in microelectronics industry. Here, the structure, chemical stability, electronic properties, and nonlinear optical properties of neutral and charged Au@X20H20 (X=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) clusters have been systematically studied using density‐functional theory calculations. Structurally, the neutral/anionic Au@X20H20 (X=Si, Ge, Sn) as well as cationic Au@Pb20H20 possess Au‐endohedral (XH)20 unit, forming fullerene‐like framework, whereas other species are Au‐doped structures with hydrogen‐bridged bond. Analysis of binding energy and HOMO‐LUMO energy gaps reveals that the charged clusters possess high chemical stabilities due to closed‐shell structures. The charge transfers from X20 cage to Au atom, and the Au atom acts as electron acceptor. The Au atom and charged states play an important role in the structural stability, and can effectively modulate the electronic properties of clusters. Interestingly, the neutral Au@X20H20 (X=Si, Sn) clusters possess large first hyperpolarizabilities, especially for Au@Sn20H20, which has remarkably giant value (~5.65×108 a. u.), and the enhanced NLO behaviors can be further explained by the TDDFT calculation. The work may provide a theoretical reference for further applications considered as novel cluster‐assembled nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The control-structure interaction (CSI) between shaking table and eccentric load is one of the most important reasons causing the accuracy degradation of shaking table test. At present, the eccentric ratio (ER) of load and the coupling between actuators pose challenges to study the CSI. Thus, this paper establishes an analytical transfer function matrix of a shaking table and eccentric load. Based on the transfer function matrix, a comprehensive study is conducted to analyse the CSI effect under different eccentric ratio conditions. The analysis proves the influence of the CSI, and the CSI amplifies the actuator coupling more than 22 times at 20.00 Hz. Furthermore, a real-time CSI compensation strategy considering the actuator coupling is proposed. With the adopting of the proposed strategy, the coupling between two actuators is fully eliminated, and the correlation coefficients of ground motion records of two actuators are improved by 14.75% and 5.48%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates how superpower rivalry affects public perceptions of international organization (IO) legitimacy in the hegemon. We argue that the representation of a superpower rival state at an IO in the form of its key decision maker's nationality can dampen the IO's perceived legitimacy within the rival power. We test this argument using a survey experiment in the United States under President Trump, where we manipulate the nationality of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) judge who casts a tie-breaking vote against the United States. Our results show that when the judge is Chinese, there is a strong and robust dampening of Americans' perceptions of the ICJ's legitimacy, with no comparable effect arising when the judge is from other countries, including Russia. Replication of the experiment in the United States under President Biden offers external validity for our findings, which may have important implications for the future of the liberal international order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, lipase‐catalyzed resolution of N‐acetyl‐DL‐methionine methyl ester (N‐Ac‐DL‐MetOMe) was evaluated. A lipase from Brucella thiophenivorans was prone to exhibit high activity and excellent enantioselectivity toward N‐Ac‐DL‐MetOMe to produce the key chiral intermediate N‐acetyl‐L‐methionine methyl ester (N‐Ac‐L‐MetOMe). The results showed that the enzymatic reaction was carried out in 100 g/L racemic substrate for 2 h, the conversion reached 51.3%, the enantiomeric excess value N‐Ac‐L‐MetOMe exceeded 99%, and the enantiomeric ratio value >200. Therefore, the lipase from B. thiophenivorans has potential prospects for the resolution of N‐Ac‐DL‐MetOMe to produce the important intermediate N‐Ac‐L‐MetOMe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although previous cross‐sectional studies have investigated the between‐person correlation between dispositional envy and subjective well‐being, few longitudinal studies have explored the within‐person relationships between state benign/malicious envy and subjective well‐being, as well as the intrapersonal and interpersonal mechanisms involved. This study adopted a diary approach for 14 consecutive days from a sample of 167 young women to investigate the within‐person associations among benign/malicious envy, self‐esteem, perceived social support, and subjective well‐being. The results revealed that benign and malicious envy had opposite effects on subjective well‐being within individuals. Besides, the results indicated that self‐esteem and perceived social support mediated the relationships between benign envy and two dimensions of subjective well‐being (positive affect and life satisfaction) within individuals. Furthermore, self‐esteem played a within‐person mediating role in the relationships between malicious envy and three dimensions of subjective well‐being, whereas perceived social support only served as a within‐person mediator between malicious envy and positive affect. These findings shed light on the distinction between benign envy and malicious envy and help in comprehending the intrapersonal and interpersonal mechanisms through which the two types of envy impact subjective well‐being in daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A military conflict over the Taiwan Strait seems increasingly likely today against the backdrop of intensifying geopolitical competition between China and the United States. While much has been discussed and debated about the prospects for and consequences of war, we know little about how ordinary Chinese evaluate the full set of policy tools that Beijing could potentially leverage against Taipei in the near term. Drawing from a unique public opinion survey in China, we find that armed unification, or 'wutong', garners only a slim majority (55%) of support, no more than for a range of less aggressive policy options, from using small-scale warfare, to coercing Taipei into negotiating, to simply maintaining the status quo. Only one out of one hundred rejected all but the most extreme option of 'wutong'. Analyses of respondent attributes further reveal that aggressive policy preferences are primarily driven by nationalism and peer pressure, but dampened by concerns about the economic, human, and reputational costs of non-peaceful unification and the likelihood of US intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate and compare the performance of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) in classifying benign and malignant breast lesions and predicting the expression status of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers. We retrospectively analysed 121 patients with breast lesions who underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and SyMRI before surgery in our hospital. DCE-MRI was used to assess the lesions, and then regions of interest (ROIs) were outlined on SyMRI (before and after enhancement), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps to obtain quantitative values. After being grouped according to benign and malignant status, the malignant lesions were divided into high and low expression groups according to the expression status of IHC markers. Logistic regression was used to analyse the differences in independent variables between groups. The performance of the modalities in classification and prediction was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In total, 57 of 121 lesions were benign, the other 64 were malignant, and 56 malignant lesions performed immunohistochemical staining. Quantitative values from proton density-weighted imaging prior to an injection of the contrast agent (PD-Pre) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) after the injection (T2-Gd), as well as its standard deviation (SD of T2-Gd), were valuable SyMRI parameters for the classification of benign and malignant breast lesions, but the performance of SyMRI (area under the curve, AUC = 0.716) was not as good as that of ADC values (AUC = 0.853). However, ADC values could not predict the expression status of breast cancer markers, for which SyMRI had excellent performance. The AUCs of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), p53 and Ki-67 were 0.687, 0.890, 0.852, 0.746, 0.813 and 0.774, respectively. SyMRI had certain value in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast lesions, and ADC values were still the ideal method. However, to predict the expression status of IHC markers, SyMRI had an incomparable value compared with ADC values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that sexual behavior is usually pleasurable and highly rewarding, it is surprising that there is as yet no known research to empirically assess how premature ejaculation (PE) patients respond to the rewarding aspect of sexual behavior. This study was designed to address this issue by evaluating how these men respond to the anticipation and hedonic experience of sexual rewards in comparison to non-sexual rewards. Thirty lifelong PE patients and thirty healthy controls (HCs) performed the incentive delay task manipulating both erotic and monetary rewards. Compared to HCs, lifelong PE patients exhibited significantly faster RTs to erotic cues than to monetary cues during reward anticipation. Meanwhile, hedonic experience ratings after obtaining the actual reward showed that erotic rewards were rated as more pleasant than monetary rewards only by lifelong PE patients, which was driven by a decreased sensitivity to experienced monetary rewards in lifelong PE patients compared to HCs. These findings indicate the existence of dysfunctional reward processing in lifelong PE patients, which is characterized by increased incentive motivation elicited by sexual cues and reduced hedonic impact of nonsexual rewards. This study may offer an insightful clue regarding how PE is related to the abnormal regulation of the rewarding aspect of sexual behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperspectral satellite imagery has developed rapidly over the last decade because of its high spectral resolution and strong material recognition capability. Nonetheless, the spatial resolution of available hyperspectral imagery is inferior, severely affecting the accuracy of ground object identification. In the paper, we propose an adaptively optimized pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN) model to sharpen the spatial resolution of the hyperspectral imagery to the scale of the multispectral imagery. Firstly, a SAM-CC strategy is designed to assign hyperspectral bands to the multispectral bands. Subsequently, an improved PCNN (IPCNN) is proposed, which considers the differences of the neighboring neurons. Furthermore, the Chameleon Swarm Optimization (CSA) optimization is adopted to generate the optimum fusion parameters for IPCNN. Hence, the injected spatial details are acquired in the irregular regions generated by the IPCNN. Extensive experiments are carried out to validate the superiority of the proposed model, which confirms that our method can realize hyperspectral imagery with high spatial resolution, yielding the best spatial details and spectral information among the state-of-the-art approaches. Several ablation studies further corroborate the efficiency of our method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermocatalytic conversion of redundant CO2 to useful methanol is an attractive route to address both energy and environmental crises simultaneously. However, existing copper/oxide catalysts widely used in these thermocatalytic processes still suffer from low methanol yield under mild reaction conditions. In this work, we design inverse oxide/Cu catalysts to achieve superior thermal catalytic performance for CO2 hydrogenation. The optimized ZnO/Cu-1.0 catalyst exhibits maximum CH3OH selectivity of 83.4% and space–time yield (STY) of 170.9 g CH 3 OH kg cat - 1 h - 1 in CO2 hydrogenation at 210 °C, nearly twofold higher STY than the previous optimal inverse ZnO/Cu catalysts ( 89.6 g CH 3 OH kg cat - 1 h - 1 at 250 °C). Importantly, ZnO/Cu-1.0 catalyst displayed not only a satisfactory catalytic stability but also a superior CH3OH STY with a time-on-stream of 24 h. Such inverse configuration of catalysts will pave the way for new strategies to design high-performance thermocatalytic catalysts and promote their commercialization. Typical inverse ZnO/Cu-1.0 catalysts have been demonstrated and achieved to significantly facilitate the activation of inert CO2 molecules to produce methanol, due to its special physicochemical properties and strong ZnO–Cu interaction [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(R)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethanol [(R)-1b] is an essential precursor for the synthesis of aryl propanoic acids' anti-inflammatatory drugs. Biocatalysts for (R)-1b preparation are limited and reductase has problems of low substrate concentration and low conversion rate. As a result, there is a constant need for discovering novel biocatalysts with excellent catalytic performances. In this study, a novel reductase LpSDR from Lacisediminihabitans profunda for the biocatalytic reduction of p-methoxyacetophenone (1a) to (R)-1b was obtained based on gene-mining technology, and some key reaction parameters were also investigated to improve the conversion rate of 1a using whole cells of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing reductase LpSDR as biocatalysts. It was found that the optimal concentration of isopropanol, ZnSO4·7H2O solution, 1a, and recombinant E. coli resting cells, the optimal reaction temperature, buffer pH, and reaction time were 1.95 mol l−1, 0.75 mmol l−1, 75 mmol l−1, 250 g (wet weight) l−1, 28°C, 7.0, and 21 h, respectively. Under the above conditions, a conversion rate of 99.5% and an enantiomeric excess of 99.6% were obtained, which were superior to the corresponding values previously reported. This study provides a novel reductase LpSDR, which is helpful in reducing 1a to (R)-1b. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs) based on A‐DA′D‐A type small molecule acceptors (SMAs) were mostly fabricated by toxic halogenated solvent processing, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the non‐halogenated solvent processed OSCs is mainly restricted by the excessive aggregation of the SMAs. To address this issue, we developed two vinyl π‐spacer linking‐site isomerized giant molecule acceptors (GMAs) with the π‐spacer linking on the inner carbon (EV‐i) or out carbon (EV‐o) of benzene end group of the SMA with longer alkyl side chains (ECOD) for the capability of non‐halogenated solvent‐processing. Interestingly, EV‐i possesses a twisted molecular structure but enhanced conjugation, while EV‐o shows a better planar molecular structure but weakened conjugation. The OSC with EV‐i as acceptor processed by the non‐halogenated solvent o‐xylene (o‐XY) demonstrated a higher PCE of 18.27 % than that of the devices based on the acceptor of ECOD (16.40 %) or EV‐o (2.50 %). 18.27 % is one of the highest PCEs among the OSCs fabricated from non‐halogenated solvents so far, benefitted from the suitable twisted structure, stronger absorbance and high charge carrier mobility of EV‐i. The results indicate that the GMAs with suitable linking site would be the excellent candidates for fabricating high performance OSCs processed by non‐halogenated solvents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs) based on A‐DA′D‐A type small molecule acceptors (SMAs) were mostly fabricated by toxic halogenated solvent processing, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the non‐halogenated solvent processed OSCs is mainly restricted by the excessive aggregation of the SMAs. To address this issue, we developed two vinyl π‐spacer linking‐site isomerized giant molecule acceptors (GMAs) with the π‐spacer linking on the inner carbon (EV‐i) or out carbon (EV‐o) of benzene end group of the SMA with longer alkyl side chains (ECOD) for the capability of non‐halogenated solvent‐processing. Interestingly, EV‐i possesses a twisted molecular structure but enhanced conjugation, while EV‐o shows a better planar molecular structure but weakened conjugation. The OSC with EV‐i as acceptor processed by the non‐halogenated solvent o‐xylene (o‐XY) demonstrated a higher PCE of 18.27 % than that of the devices based on the acceptor of ECOD (16.40 %) or EV‐o (2.50 %). 18.27 % is one of the highest PCEs among the OSCs fabricated from non‐halogenated solvents so far, benefitted from the suitable twisted structure, stronger absorbance and high charge carrier mobility of EV‐i. The results indicate that the GMAs with suitable linking site would be the excellent candidates for fabricating high performance OSCs processed by non‐halogenated solvents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between levels of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and the risk of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). In this cross-sectional case–control study, 32 women with POI and 58 women with normal menstrual cycles were recruited. The serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), CoQ10 and total cholesterol were measured. The association of CoQ10 with POI was assessed using binary logistic regression analysis. The CoQ10/total cholesterol ratio was significantly lower in the women with POI than in the women with normal menstrual cycles (120.94 ± 25.35 nmol/mmol vs 138.97 ± 39.19 nmol/mmol, P = 0.021). The serum CoQ10/total cholesterol ratio was inversely associated with POI (the unadjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.984, 95% CI: 0.970–0.998, P = 0.027). The same trend was found after adjusting for confounding factors (such as age, body mass index, annual household income and education) (OR = 0.976, 95% CI: 0.956–0.996, P = 0.020). The serum CoQ10/total cholesterol ratio was inversely associated with POI, indicating that antioxidant deficiency may be a risk associated with the development of POI. CoQ10 may be a protective factor for ovarian tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A five-stage centrifugal pump is utilized to investigate the interstage flow characteristics of the multistage centrifugal pump as turbine (PAT). The simulation results of performance are verified by comparing with the experimental results. Owing to the distinct structural attributes, significant differences in flow occur between the first stage and the other stages of the multistage PAT. To enhance the understanding of these disparities and explore their repercussions, this study focuses on analyzing the flow within the impellers in the first and second stages by a deterministic analysis. The main conclusions are as follows: The discrepancies in the inflow conditions are the major reason for the dissimilarities in the flow of impellers between stages. The impact loss generated by the misalignment between the positive guide vane outlet angle and the impeller inlet angle leads to flow deviation between impeller passages and affects the internal flow pattern. The unsteadiness under low flow rates is mostly produced by the spatial gradient of the blade-to-blade nonuniformities, which is relevant to the relative position between blades and the positive guide vanes. At high flow rates, especially in the second-stage impeller, the pure unsteady term is the primary cause of flow unsteadiness as a result of the flow separation induced by interactions between the blades and the positive guide vanes. This study can provide some references for the practical operation and performance optimization of the multistage PATs in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A transfer–purge chamber (TPC) is a double-steel-plate, heavy-concrete, curved-surface composite structure composed of steel plates, heavy concrete, and shear connectors. It is an important facility in the external refueling system of a nuclear power plant (NPP), providing a safe and reliable biological shielding space for reactor refueling operations. Temperature load is one of the most important factors that must be considered in the design of NPP structures. The temperature loads experienced by the TPC during its life cycle include those encountered in both normal and abnormal operation, which are distinct. In this study, we investigated the steady state and transient-state temperature fields and stresses of a TPC structure under normal operation and after 48 h of abnormal operation, respectively, which were calculated using Abaqus finite element software and the directly coupled method. During normal operation, the temperature field of the structure shows relatively uniform changes, and the temperature gradient of the internal concrete in the direction of its thickness has a constant value of 0.245 °C/cm. At the junction between the transfer and purge sub-chambers of the TPC, under the influence of wall curvature and deformation constraints, the maximum tensile strain of heavy concrete is 8.84 × 10−3, the maximum compressive strain is 2.04 × 10−3, the peak stress of the steel plate is 98.305 MPa, and the peak stress of the stud is 306.725 MPa. After 48 h of abnormal operation, the temperatures of the inner surface of the heavy concrete of the wall, the inner steel plate of the wall, the outer surface of the heavy concrete of the wall, and the inner steel plate of the wall increased by 8.12, 8.11, 0.31, and 0.30 °C, respectively. The tensile strain of the heavy concrete of the wall increased significantly by 52.64%, and the compressive strain of the concrete increased by 67.33%, whereas the stresses of the studs and steel plates increased by only 1.57% and 6.79%, respectively. These results show that the change in the temperature field greatly influences the stress and strain on the TPC structure. As measures for mitigating the development of this unfavorable situation of temperature stress concentration, the temperature operating range should be rationally controlled or the junction structure between the transfer and purge sub-chambers of the TPC optimized accordingly. The results of our study can provide basic data for a dynamic analysis of the TPC under conditions of combined earthquake and temperature loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Envy is a typical negative social emotion that has negative effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. In this study we examined the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and envy, and the mediating role of emotional intelligence in these associations. Participants were 811 university students in China who completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Dispositional Envy Scale. Mediation analysis results showed that emotional intelligence played a partial mediating role in the relationships between neuroticism and envy and between extraversion and envy, and played a complete mediating role in the relationships between agreeableness and envy, between openness and envy, and between conscientiousness and envy. We have found evidence for the personality basis of envy and provided insight into the underlying mechanisms between personality and envy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precision radiotherapy needs to manage organ movements to prevent critical organ injury. The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of motion control of the lung by suppressing respiratory motion. The non-invasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation (NIHFOV) is a technique commonly used in the protection of lung for patients with acute lung disease. By using a very high respiratory frequency and a low tidal volume, NIHFOV allows gas exchange, maintains a constant mean airway pressure and minimizes the respiratory movements. We tested healthy volunteers NIHFOV to explore the optimal operational parameter setting and the best possible motion suppression achievable. This study was conducted with the approval of Institutional Review Boards of the Wuwei Cancer hospital (approval number: 2021-39) and carried out in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki. The study comprises two parts. Twenty three healthy volunteers participated in the first part of the study. They had 7 sessions of training with the NIHFOV. The duration of uninterrupted, continuous breathing under the NIHFOV and the optimal operational machine settings were defined. Eight healthy volunteers took part in the second part of the study and underwent 4-dimensional CT (4DCT) scanning with and without NIHFOV. Their respiratory waveform under free breathing (FB) and NIHFOV were recorded. The maximum range of motion of the diaphragm from the two scannings was compared, and the variation of bilateral lung volume was obtained to evaluate the impact of NIHFOV technique on lung volume. The following data were collected: comfort score, transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PtcO2), transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PtcCO2), and pulse rate. Data with and without NIHFOV were compared to evaluate its safety, physiological impacts and effect of lung movement suppression. All the volunteers completed the training sessions eventlessly, demonstrating a good tolerability of the procedure. The median NIHFOV-on time was 32 min (22–45 min), and the maximum range of motion in the cephalic-caudal direction was significantly reduced on NIHFOV compared with FB (1.8 ± 0.8 cm vs 0.3 ± 0.1 cm, t = − 3.650, P = 0.003); the median range of motion was only 0.3 ± 0.1 cm on NIHFOV with a good reproducibility. The variation coefficient under NIHFOV of the right lung volume was 2.4% and the left lung volume was 9.2%. The PtcO2 and PtcCO2 were constantly monitored during NIHFOV. The medium PtcCO2 under NIHFOV increased lightly by 4.1 mmHg (interquartile range [IQR], 4–6 mmHg) compared with FB (t = 17.676, P < 0.001). No hypercapnia was found, PtcO2 increased significantly in all volunteers during NIHFOV (t = 25.453, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in pulse rate between the two data sets (t = 1.257, P = 0.233). NIHFOV is easy to master in healthy volunteers to minimize respiratory movement with good tolerability and reproducibility. It is a feasible approach for lung motion control and could potentially be applied in accurate radiotherapy including carbon-ion radiotherapy through suppression of respiratory movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social dominance is an important feature of social life. Dominance has been proposed to be one of two trait dimensions underpinning social judgments of human faces. Yet, the neural bases of the ability to identify different dominance levels in others based on intrinsically facial cues remains poorly understood. Here, we used event-related potentials to determine the temporal dynamics of facial dominance evaluation based on facial features signaling physical strength/weakness in humans. Twenty-seven participants performed a dominance perception task where they passively viewed faces with different dominance levels. Dominance levels did not modulate an early component of face processing, known as the N170 component, but did modulate the late positive potential (LPP) component. These findings indicate that participants inferred dominance levels at a late stage of face evaluation. Furthermore, the highest level of dominant faces and the lowest level of submissive faces both elicited higher LPP amplitudes than faces with a neutral dominance level. Taken together, the present study provides new insights regarding the dynamics of the neurocognitive processes underlying facial dominance evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under pressure to choose between the U.S. and China, Southeast Asian countries have adopted a hedging strategy: deepening economic relations with China while strengthening security cooperation with the U.S. How does the region's public view this strategy? With tensions rising in South China Sea territorial disputes, are more nationalistic individuals more likely to oppose hedging? Using an original public opinion survey conducted in the Philippines, we find that while an overwhelming majority of respondents were concerned about the territorial disputes, more nationalistic Filipinos were no more concerned than less nationalistic ones. Further, more nationalistic Filipinos were more likely to view economic relations with China as important for the Philippines and to approve of Duterte's China policy, which follows the logic of hedging. These surprising findings suggest that under the shadow of great-power competition, the link between domestic politics and foreign policy is nuanced in the Philippines, and Southeast Asia in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To investigate the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with 3D-image-guided afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Methods. Patients with cervical cancer admitted to our hospital from January 1, 2020 to January 1, 2021 were retrieved and analyzed. Cases treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 3D-image-guided afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy were assigned into the observation group (OG), while cases with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone were assigned into the control group (CG). The short-term effects were determined by RECIST 1.1. Total effective rate TR = complete remission CR + partial remission PR . The serum levels of squamous epithelial cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), glycoantigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed. In view of the difference between tumor markers and diameters before and after treatment, the correlation between them was analyzed by Pearson test. The adverse events were compared, and the amount of operative bleeding and operation time were evaluated. Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the influencing factors of 1-year disease-free survival time. Results. Sixty-seven patients were retrieved, including 30 cases in the OG and 37 cases in the CG. There were no significant differences in age, pathological type, tumor size, FIGO stage, past medical history, or smoking history between the two groups (P > 0.05). The TR of patients in the OG was higher than that in the CG (P < 0.05). The SCC-Ag, CA125, CEA, and VEGF levels in the OG decreased markedly after treatment (P < 0.001). The difference in SCC-Ag, CA125, CEA, and VEGF was positively correlated with the difference in tumor diameter before and after treatment (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse events revealed no obvious difference between the OG and CG (P > 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that FIGO stage and treatment regimens were independent prognostic factors for 1-year disease-free survival (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with 3D-image-guided afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy can improve the TR rate and 1-year disease-free survival of LACC patients without increasing the incidence of adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ropivacaine is commonly applied for local anesthesia and may cause neurotoxicity. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) exhibits neuroprotective effects on multiple neurological disorders. This study investigated the mechanism of DEX pretreatment in ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. Methods: Mouse hippocampal neuronal cells (HT22) and human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) were treated with 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2.5 mM, and 5 mM ropivacaine. Then the cells were pretreated with different concentrations of DEX (0.01 μM, 0.1 μM, 1 μM, 10 μM, and 100 μM) before ropivacaine treatment. Proliferative activity of cells, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and apoptosis rate were measured using CCK-8 assay, LDH detection kit, and flow cytometry, respectively. miR-10b-5p and BDNF expressions were determined using RT-qPCR or Western blot. The binding of miR-10b-5p and BDNF was validated using dual-luciferase assay. Functional rescue experiments were conducted to verify the role of miR-10b-5p and BDNF in the protective mechanism of DEX on ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. Results: Treatment of HT22 or SH-SY5Y cells with ropivacaine led to the increased miR-10b-5p expression (about 1.7 times), decreased BDNF expression (about 2.2 times), reduced cell viability (about 2.5 times), elevated intracellular LDH level (about 2.0–2.5 times), and enhanced apoptosis rate (about 3.0–4.0 times). DEX pretreatment relieved ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity, as evidenced by enhanced cell viability (about 1.7–2.0 times), reduced LDH release (about 1.7–1.8 times), and suppressed apoptosis rate (about 1.8–1.9 times). DEX pretreatment repressed miR-10b-5p expression (about 2.5 times). miR-10b-5p targeted BDNF. miR-10b-5p overexpression or BDNF silencing reversed the protective effect of DEX pretreatment on ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity, manifested as reduced cell viability (about 1.3–1.6 times), increased intracellular LDH level (about 1.4–1.7 times), and elevated apoptosis rate (about 1.4–1.6 times). Conclusions: DEX pretreatment elevated BDNF expression by reducing miR-10b-5p expression, thereby alleviating ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The political connection between the state and firms in the context of China's corporate restructuring has been little explored. Using the clientelist framework and unpacking the incentives of both firms and the state, we analyse political connections as repeated patron–client exchanges where the politically connected firms can help the state fulfil its revenue imperative, serving as a failsafe for local authorities to ensure that upper-level tax quotas are met. Leveraging original surveys of the same Chinese firms over an 11-year period and the variations in their post-restructuring board composition, we find that restructured state-owned enterprises (SOEs) with political connections pay more tax than their assessed amount, independent of profits, in exchange for more preferential access to key inputs and policy opportunities controlled by the state. Examining taxes rather than profits also offers a new interpretation for why China continues to favour its remaining SOEs even when they are less profitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells has been known for decades, and our previous meta-analysis indicated that CRC patients with neuroendocrine differentiation have a lower 5-year survival rate. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have found that exosome-derived long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer progression and metastasis. However, the functions and mechanism of exosome-derived lncRNAs in CRC with neuroendocrine differentiation are not yet fully clear. Materials and methods: The clinical significance of NED was assessed in a retrospective study of 105 patients. Next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to select lnc-HOXB8-1:2 for further study. Using immunohistochemistry, qRT–PCR, western blot, transwell assay, immunofluorescence assay, fluorescence in situ hybridization assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay, the oncogenic role of exosome-derived lnc-HOXB8-1:2 was determined in CRC with NED. The mechanism underlying the lnc-HOXB8-1:2/hsa-miR-6825-5p/CXCR3 axis was also explored. Results: NED was a risk factor for the progression and mortality of CRC. lnc-HOXB8-1:2, derived from exosomes secreted by neuroendocrine differentiated colon cancer cells, was identified in our study. The proportion of M2 macrophages and the migration and invasion capacities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) markedly increased after the addition of neuroendocrine differentiated CRC cell-derived exosomes. More excitingly, the expression of lnc-HOXB8-1:2 and the protein level of CXCR3 were also upregulated in TAMs. The lnc-HOXB8-1:2/hsa-miR-6825-5p/CXCR3 axis was predicted via miRanda software and confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, the increased expression of lnc-HOXB8-1:2 was accompanied by downregulation of hsa-miR-6825-5p expression and upregulation of CXCR3 protein levels. Overexpression of hsa-miR-6825-5p also reduced CXCR3 expression. Conclusion: lnc-HOXB8-1:2 in exosomes derived from neuroendocrine differentiated CRC cells acted as a ceRNA competitively binding hsa-miR-6825-5p to upregulate CXCR3 expression and leading to TAM infiltration and M2 polarization, which promotes neuroendocrine differentiated CRC progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Neuropathic pain is a common complication in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), which seriously affects the quality of life of NMOSD patients, with no satisfactory treatment. And risk factors of neuropathic pain are still uncertain.Objective: To investigate the risk factors of neuropathic pain in a NMOSD cohort.Materials and Methods: Our study was a retrospective case-cohort study, the patients diagnosed with NMOSD in the Department of Neurology from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January 2011 to October 2021 were screened. Inclusion criteria were: (1) patients diagnosed as NMOSD according to the International Panel for NMO Diagnosis (IPND) criteria, (2) the aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G antibodies (AQP4-IgG) test was performed. Patients without AQP4-IgG antibody were excluded. Clinical data, including sex, age of the first onset, symptoms of the first episode including neuropathic pain and attack types, localization of lesions of the first episode on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Extended disability status Scale (EDSS) of the first onset, treatment of immunosuppression in the first acute phase, disease modifying therapy (DMT), treatment of neuropathic pain and APQ4-IgG status were collected from the hospital system database. Neuropathic pain was defined according to the International Association for the Study of Pain criteria and was described as "pain arising as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system".Results: One hundred nineteen patients were screened and finally 86 patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in our study. The prevalence of neuropathic pain in patients with NMOSD was 43.0%. Univariate analysis showed that the factors associated with neuropathic pain were the age at the onset, the attack type of optic neuritis, the attack type of myelitis, length of spinal cord involvement, localization of thoracic lesion, optic lesion, upper thoracic lesions, lower thoracic lesions, extended spinal cord lesions (≥ 3 spinal lesions), extended thoracic lesions (≥ 4 thoracic lesions), intravenous immunoglobulin and mycophenolate mofetil. Multivariate regression analysis showed that extended thoracic lesions (OR 20.21 [1.18-346.05], P = 0.038) and age (OR 1.35 (1-1.81) P = 0.050) were independently associated with neuropathic pain among NMOSD patients and that gender (OR 12.11 (0.97-151.64) P = 0.053) might be associated with neuropathic pain among NMOSD patients.Conclusion: Extended thoracic lesions (≥ 4 thoracic lesions), age and gender might be independent risk factors of neuropathic pain among patients with NMOSD. However, with a small sample size and predominantly female, caution must be applied and these results need validating in further cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explored the effect of two forms of maltreatment of children (emotional and physical) on two kinds of envy in adulthood (benign and malicious), and the moderating role of psychological resilience in these associations. Participants were 676 Chinese undergraduates who completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The results indicate that of the two types of childhood maltreatment, only emotional maltreatment negatively predicted benign envy and positively predicted malicious envy. Psychological resilience played a moderating role in the childhood emotional maltreatment–benign/malicious envy link and childhood physical maltreatment–malicious envy link. These results reveal the direct relationships between different types of childhood maltreatment and benign/malicious envy and the moderating effect of psychological resilience in these associations. Our findings have theoretical and practical implications for cultivating psychological resilience to inhibit malicious envy and promote benign envy in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The as-prepared Ni 2 P has a single-crystal. • Ni 2 P shows a special uniform hollow spherical structure. • Crystal structure and morphology of Ni 2 P can be controlled by the surfactants. • The as-prepared Ni 2 P exhibits excellent adsorption activity. The single-crystal Ni 2 P hollow spheres have been synthesized via a solvothermal route in presence of mixed surfactant. It is showed that solvent played a significant role for the synthesis of Ni 2 P. Furthermore, the structure of hollow spheres would be obtained only using the mixtures of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) which act as soft template rather than single CTAB or pure SDBS. Finally, it turned out that the single-crystal Ni 2 P hollow spheres exhibit excellent adsorption activity for malachite green (MG) organic dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TBM tunneling in subsea areas with adverse geological conditions presents potential risks due to non-compliant tunneling strategies resulting from manual adjustments and untimely communications. This study proposes an innovative subsea TBM tunnel intelligent construction system, featuring automated-compliance-checking (ACC) optimization, to assess feasibility through a case study. The key ingredient of the system is an integrated data-driven model framework comprising of a geological identification model based on fuzzy set theory and Dempster-Shafer (D-S) fusion theory and a machine learning-based TBM construction strategy ACC optimization model. In addition, a real-time data services scheme is established to manage TBM engineering big data, ensuring its effective utilization. Implemented in the PRDWRA project's F27 fault zone, the system identified greater stratum complexity than previously known, with potential dual faults. Post-ACC optimization, it achieved a 13.6 % increase in advance rate, maintained consistent slurry pressure, and reduced the deviation between optimized and expected values by 57.1 %. Finally, drawing upon statistical data sourced from project stakeholders, the system's deployment yielded a 9 % cycle time reduction, and a 27 % cost saving, with 17 % from reduced construction times and 9 % from lower accident rates. These results confirm the strategy's compliance with construction codes, significantly reducing risk and improving tunneling efficiency. The results confirm that the operational strategy adheres to construction code requirements, substantially reducing construction risks and effectively enhancing tunneling efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzed the strong motion characteristics based on 86 three-component strong motion records of the MW 6.6 Luding earthquake. Additionally, the factors that influence the variation in ground motion for three earthquakes with similar magnitude in Sichuan Province were investigated. The analysis result indicates a strong correlation between the observed ground motion parameters and the distribution of published Modified Mercalli Intensity. The residual analysis reveals that the spectral accelerations at periods 0.1–10.0 s are amplified to 0.0798–0.3057 times the mean level in the rupture forward direction and weakened to 0.0738–0.2831 times the mean level in the rupture backward direction. The maximum pulse direction recorded by the 51LDJ station is N6°E, aligning with the vertical fault direction. The velocity pulses has distinct bidirectional pulses in the waveforms, with a PGV of 37.0 cm/s. The source effect of the strike-slip MW 6.6 Luding and MW 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes on ground motion is relatively less significant compared to the average level of mainshocks in southwest China. However, the thrust-fault MW 6.7 Lushan earthquake exhibits a stronger source effect on ground motion during short and medium periods, but a weaker source effect during long periods when compared to the average level. The anelastic attenuation of the Longmenshan, Xianshuihe, and Huya fault zones in Sichuan exhibits significant regional variation and periodic correlation. This phenomenon is closely linked to the regional tectonic background variations and the heterogeneity of crustal structure within the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bio-based food packaging materials have elicited growing interests due to their great degradability, high safety and active biofunctions. In this work, by simultaneously introducing the polyphenolic extracts from Capsicum annuum leaves and ferric ion (Fe3+) into the Polyvinyl alcohol/kappa-carrageenan (PVA/κ-carrageenan)-based film-forming matrix, an active package film was developed, with the purpose to improve the food shelf life. The experimental results indicated that the existence of Fe3+ can not only improve the mechanical properties owing to the multiple dynamic coordinated interactions, but also endow the composite films with excellent fire-retardancy. Moreover, the composite films could display excellent UV resistant performance, water vapor/oxygen gas barrier properties and antioxidant activities with the corporation of polyphenols. In particular, the highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacities for composite film (PC-PLP7 sample) were evaluated to be 82.5 % and 91.1 %, respectively. Higher polyphenol concentration is favorable to the bio-functions of the materials. Benefitting from these features, this novel kind of films with a dense and steady micro-structure could be further applicated in fruit preservations, where the ripening bananas were ensured with the high storage quality. This integration as a prospective food packaging material provides an economic and eco-friendly approach to excavate the high added-values of biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spammer detection is essentially a process of judging the authenticity of users, and thus can be regarded as a classification problem. In order to improve the classification performance, multi-classifier information fusion is usually used to realize the automatic detection of spammers by utilizing the information from multiple classifiers. However, the existing fusion strategies do not reasonably take the uncertainty from the results of different classifiers (views) into account, and the relative importance and reliability of each classifier are not strictly distinguished. Therefore, in order to detect spammers effectively, this paper develops a novel multi-classifier information fusion model based on the evidential reasoning (ER) rule. Firstly, according to the user's characterization strategy, the base classifiers are constructed through the profile-based, content-based and behavior-based. Then, the idea of multi-classifier fusion is combined with the ER rule, and the results of base classifiers are aggregated by considering their weights and reliabilities. Extensive experimental results on the real-world dataset verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dendrobium huoshanense , a valuable traditional Chinese herb, is widely used to prolong life in China. Our study aims to characterize the structure and osteogenesis-promotion effects of a heteropolysaccharide component isolated from Dendrobium huoshanense (DHPW1). The structure of DHPW1 was characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, while its osteogenic activity was evaluated using MG-63 cells and zebrafish skulls. The results showed that the molecular weight of DHPW1 was 230 kDa and it was mainly composed of mannose and glucose. In addition, the DHPW1 backbone consisted of (1 → 4)-linked-β-D-Mannopyranosyl and (1 → 4)-linked-β- d -Glucopyranosyl. Furthermore, DHPW1 significantly increased ALP activity and mineralized nodule formation in MG-63 cells. DHPW1 in zebrafish skull models significantly enhanced the relative fluorescence intensity of bone mass and increased the degree of bone mineralization. These results suggested that the DHPW1 component in D. huoshanense has potential to promote osteogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke is one of the fatal diseases worldwide, and its primary mechanism is produced by cerebrovascular stenosis, blockages, or embolisms. Computer-aided diagnosis can assist clinical practitioners in identifying cerebrovascular anomalies, elucidating the precise lesions' location in the patients, and providing guidance for clinical therapy. Due to different portions of the cerebrovascular possessing diverse morphological properties and the limited narrow area, the detection effect is unsatisfactory. A retrained two-stage algorithm for detecting cerebral arterial stenosis in CTA images is proposed to solve these problems by further fusing image features and improving the quality of regions of interest. In Faster R-CNN and Libra R-CNN, the backbone network was Resnet50, with deformable convolutional and nonlocal neural networks introduced in the third, fourth, and fifth stages of the backbone network. Deformable convolutional networks learned offsets to extract morphological features of blood vessels in different tomographic planes. Nonlocal neural networks fused global information and extracted global features from location information of feature maps. A cascade detector refined object classification and bounding box regression before prediction. The experimental results show that the retained algorithm increases mAP by 7.3% and 7.5%, respectively, compared with Faster R-CNN and Libra R-CNN. Deformable convolutional networks, nonlocal neural networks, and cascade detectors are incorporated into further feature fusion; thus, semantic information about the cerebrovascular structure is learned, demonstrating more accurate stenotic region detection and demonstrating generalizability across different two-stage algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the arrival of the big data era, the role of big data can be fully utilized, and the comprehensive data evaluation is carried out to perform education information evaluation. In the general circumstance of computerized learning, college teaching regulation has new features and novel orientations. Along with the speedy progression of sci-tech, the pace of dissemination of data is continuously quickening, and it is being increasingly easy for the public to interact and carry on with their lives. Because people use the network to access a variety of data information, the system cannot handle huge amounts of data; this is the cause of the era. In the process of the comprehensive approach of the information age, with the impact of the Age of Big Data, the administration of intelligence in universities has transformed. Big Data InfoTech has infiltrated into all realms of community lifestyle. How to cope with the transformation of informationization of university education management in the era is a serious challenge for relevant personnel. This study begins by discoursing the essential implication of big data, followed by a diagnosis of the questions involved in the establishment of computerization in high schools under the environment of big data, comprising the imminent solutions to the dilemmas in collegiate education maintenance, the issues raised by privatization in high schools, and the strategies for education management. This is followed by the proposal of the innovative educational administration informationization development trend in the big data context. In this research, there are 11 professors in the expert group, accounting for 44%, 8 associate professors, accounting for 32%, and 6 lecturers or below, accounting for 24%. This study makes full use of a large number of procedural data generated in educational management activities to achieve an efficient, comprehensive, accurate, and objective evaluation, which provides strong technical support for educational management informatization evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Videos, especially short videos, have become an increasingly important source of information in these years. However, many videos spread on video sharing platforms are misleading, which have negative social impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to find methods to automatically identify misleading videos. In this paper, three categories of features (content features, uploader features and environment features) are proposed to construct a convolutional neural network (CNN) for misleading video detection. The experiment showed that all the three proposed categories of features play a vital role in detecting misleading videos. Our proposed approach that combines three categories of features achieved the best performance with the accuracy of 0.90 and the F1 score of 0.89. It also outperformed other baselines such as SVM, k-NN, decision tree and random forest models by more than 22%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we aim to investigate the regularity of the statistical solution for a 2D non‐autonomous magneto‐micropolar fluid system as well as the relationship between invariant measure and statistical solution. First, in order to get the regularity of the statistical solution, we prove the existence and regularity of pullback attractor for the system. Then we obtain that the statistical solution possesses some regularity properties by using the regularity of pullback attractor. Finally, we show that the statistical solution is actually an invariant measure for the system under consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological education is an important part of modern education, and all walks of life attach great importance to the mental health of college students. At present, under the background of virtual reality (VR) technology era, it is necessary to further enrich the ways and methods of mental health education and improve the effectiveness of mental health education. Combining positive psychology theory with VR technology, this paper discusses the advantages and ways of applying positive psychology and VR technology in mental health work in colleges and universities. This paper expounds the basic content and theoretical basis of positive psychology and enlightens the future development direction of college students' mental health education with the theory of positive psychology. Through data mining, this paper explores the rules and characteristics of college students' mental health, digs out the potential relationships among various factors affecting mental health and puts forward the methods to solve psychological problems using VR technology in combination with cognitive theory and chaos theory. I hope to make some contributions to the field of mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Kernel number per spike (KNS) and spike length (SL) are important spike-related traits in wheat variety improvement. Discovering genetic loci controlling these traits is necessary to elucidate the genetic basis of wheat yield traits and is very important for marker-assisted selection breeding. Results: In the present study, we used a recombinant inbred line population with 248 lines derived from the two founder genotypes of wheat, Bima4 and BainongAK58, to construct a high-density genetic map using wheat 55 K genotyping assay. The final genetic linkage map consists of 2356 bin markers (14,812 SNPs) representing all 21 wheat chromosomes, and the entire map spanned 4141.24 cM. A total of 7 and 18 QTLs were identified for KNS and SL, respectively, and they were distributed on 11 chromosomes. The allele effects of the flanking markers for 12 stable QTLs, including four QTLs for KNS and eight QTLs for SL, were estimated based on phenotyping data collected from 15 environments in a diverse wheat panel including 384 elite cultivars and breeding lines. The positive alleles at seven loci, namely, QKns.his-7D2–1, QKns.his-7D2–2, QSl.his-4A-1, QSl.his-5D1, QSl.his-4D2–2, QSl.his-5B and QSl.his-5A-2, significantly increased KNS or SL in the diverse panel, suggesting they are more universal in their effects and are valuable for gene pyramiding in breeding programs. The transmission of Bima4 allele indicated that the favorite alleles at five loci (QKns.his-7D2–1, QSl.his-5A-2, QSl.his-2D1–1, QSl.his-3A-2 and QSl.his-3B) showed a relatively high frequency or an upward trend following the continuity of generations, suggesting that they underwent rigorous selection during breeding. At two loci (QKns.his-7D2–1 and QSl.his-5A-2) that the positive effects of the Bima4 alleles have been validated in the diverse panel, two and one kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers were further developed, respectively, and they are valuable for marker-assisted selection breeding. Conclusion: Important chromosome regions controlling KNS and SL were identified in the founder parents. Our results are useful for knowing the molecular mechanisms of founder parents and future molecular breeding in wheat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous public opinion surveys have found that Americans' views of China have become extremely negative in recent years. Much less is understood about the trends in Chinese views of the USA and the countries' bilateral relations. As leaders in both countries have come under public pressure about their policy stances toward the other side, it is critical to fill the gap. This study develops a theoretical argument about how a concern for political legitimacy may allow public opinion to influence foreign policy making in authoritarian countries, and it presents findings from a two-wave public opinion survey in China conducted before and after the 2020 US presidential election. The results show that Chinese evaluations of the bilateral relationship and of the USA slumped during the Trump era but rebounded somewhat after Biden took office. In addition, the majority of Chinese respondents believed their country to be the world's largest and leading economy and favored China being the world's leading power, either by itself or alongside the USA. Furthermore, younger and more educated respondents held more negative views, although these were mitigated by personal connections with and experiences in the USA. These findings have important policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hormaomycins and belactosins are peptide natural products that contain unusual cyclopropane moieties. Bioinformatics analysis of the corresponding biosynthetic gene clusters showed that two conserved genes, hrmI/belK and hrmJ/belL, were potential candidates for catalyzing cyclopropanation. Using in vivo and in vitro assays, the functions of HrmI/BelK and HrmJ/BelL were established. HrmI and BelK, which are heme oxygenase‐like dinuclear iron enzymes, catalyze oxidation of the ϵ‐amino group of l‐lysine to afford l‐6‐nitronorleucine. Subsequently, HrmJ and BelL, which are iron‐ and α‐ketoglutarate‐dependent oxygenases, effectively convert l‐6‐nitronorleucine into 3‐(trans‐2‐nitrocyclopropyl)‐alanine through C4−C6 bond installation. These observations disclose a novel pathway of cyclopropane ring construction and exemplify the new chemistry involving metalloenzymes in natural product biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hormaomycins and belactosins are peptide natural products that contain unusual cyclopropane moieties. Bioinformatics analysis of the corresponding biosynthetic gene clusters showed that two conserved genes, hrmI/belK and hrmJ/belL, were potential candidates for catalyzing cyclopropanation. Using in vivo and in vitro assays, the functions of HrmI/BelK and HrmJ/BelL were established. HrmI and BelK, which are heme oxygenase‐like dinuclear iron enzymes, catalyze oxidation of the ϵ‐amino group of l‐lysine to afford l‐6‐nitronorleucine. Subsequently, HrmJ and BelL, which are iron‐ and α‐ketoglutarate‐dependent oxygenases, effectively convert l‐6‐nitronorleucine into 3‐(trans‐2‐nitrocyclopropyl)‐alanine through C4−C6 bond installation. These observations disclose a novel pathway of cyclopropane ring construction and exemplify the new chemistry involving metalloenzymes in natural product biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Based on the test results, the accuracy of the finite element model of aircraft impacting nuclear containment was verified. • The failure mechanism of nuclear containment during aircraft impact is studied. • The dynamic response of aircraft impacting nuclear containment is analysed by parameters. • The failure modes of nuclear containment caused by different impacts of aircraft are summarized. • The most unfavourable impact parameters of aircraft impacting nuclear containment are given. Since the 9/11 incident, the research on nuclear power plants (NPPs) against the impact of large aircraft has gradually become the key research content in the field of national defense. Based on the experimental data, this paper establishes a refined finite element (FE) model to investigate the dynamic response and failure mode of nuclear containment under the impact of large aircraft. Firstly, the FE model is established according to the scale test, and its accuracy is verified. Then, the prototype nuclear containment is established, and the effects of aircraft impact speed, impact angle, and impact height on the dynamic response of nuclear containment are discussed. The results reveal that when the impact velocity of the aircraft is greater than 250 m/s, the fuselage, except the wing, penetrates into the nuclear containment. When the impact velocity reaches 300 m/s, the penetration size of the structure decreases. The increase in impact angle will significantly decrease the damage caused by aircraft to the structure. When an aircraft with a speed of 100 m/s impacts the nuclear containment at less than 30°, the fuselage will penetrate into the containment. In addition, this paper summarizes two distinct failure modes of aircraft impact on nuclear containment, which provides a reference for research related to aircraft impact on nuclear containment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New-generation intelligent construction places higher demands on digitisation and intelligence of tunnel. Digital twin (DT) effectively supports high-fidelity modelling, virtual-real mapping, and analysis-based decision-making but with research in the initial stage. To begin with, this paper delves into the complexity and uncertainty inherent in tunnel construction, highlighting DT as a promising solution compared to exisiting technologies such as Building Information Modelling. Then, a systematic literature survey is conducted, revealing growing focus on DT research topics. To provide comprehensive insights into DT-related technologies and their application in tunnel construction, this paper clusters literature from perspectives of sensor networks, Internet of Things (IoT), computer vision-based twin data acquisition, communication, natural language processing (NLP), automatic control-based connection, and geometric, semantic, analytical integrated twin modelling. These aspects shed light on potentials and limitations of existing researh in developing a functional DT. In response to the challenges of information richness, timeliness, and analytical capabilities, an improved conceptual framework tailored for tunnel is proposed to close the information and control loop. Finally, the paper discusses the prospects and gaps of DT in theory and practice to leverage DT implementation. • Digital Twin greatly enhances the development of intelligent tunnel construction. • A comprehensive literature analysis is conducted to assess status of Digital Twin technologies in tunnel construction. • A close-loop conceptual framework of Digital Twin is proposed. • Gaps and future prospects of Digital Twin for tunnel construction are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]