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Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Characteristics of human cardiac c-Kit+ progenitor cells. (A). Representative flow cytometry image of the characteristics of the hCPCs with PE-conjunct CD8A, CD29, CD34, CD45, CD105, CD133, and CD117 antibodies. (B). Representative immunostaining image of hCPCs with an anti-CD117 antibody (marker of c-kit+ cells, red) and DAPI (blue) for nucleus staining. (C). Representative immunostaining image of multipotent-related protein SOX2 and Oct-3/4 of the isolated hCPCs with an anti-SOX2 (green) antibody, an anti-Oct-3/4 (red) antibody, and DAPI (blue) for nucleus staining.

Scalable ranking approaches can map effective biodiversity and climate targets for national conservation action by 2030., To achieve the goals of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, we must identify representative targets that effectively protect biodiversity and can be implemented at a national level. We developed a framework to identify synergies between biodiversity and carbon across the Asian region and proposed a stepwise approach based on scalable priorities at regional, biome, and national levels that can complement potential Convention on Biological Diversity targets of protecting 30% land in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. Our targets show that 30% of Asian land could effectively protect over 70% of all assessed species relative to only 11% now (based on analysis of 8932 terrestrial vertebrates), in addition to 2.3 to 3.6 hundred billion metric tons of carbon. Funding mechanisms are needed to ensure such targets to support biodiversity-carbon mutually beneficial solutions at the national level while reflecting broader priorities, especially in hyperdiverse countries where priorities exceed 30% of land.

Organic amines are a kind of industrially important starting material for the manufacture of dyes and pharmaceuticals. But monitoring low-concentration amine vapors, especially those with a high molecular weight, is still a challenging task during industrial processes because the low permeability and diffusivity of amines largely limit their interaction with the surface of sensing element. Herein, we report the template-free solvothermal synthesis of uniform nanoparticle-assembled SnO2 microspheres with an rich interparticle porosity, and the thermal-driven tuning of their porosity structure with the sphere-like morphological preservation. This further allows us to fabricate a sensing film with a tunable interparticle porosity structure and an optimized gas diffusivity in the sensing film. As a result, the optimized SnO2 sensing film is shown to have the ability to effectively detect low-concentration amine vapors with short response time and high response value in the testing range from 1 to 200 ppm.

The development of earth-abundant water oxidation electrocatalysts with high activity and durability is very important for many renewable energy conversion/storage processes. Herein, we report a facile synthetic method for the preparation of amorphous nickel–iron oxide/carbon composite nanofibers with high electrocatalytic activity and stability for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This method involves two main steps: (i) the electrospinning synthesis of Ni- and Fe-embedded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer nanofibers as the precursor and (ii) the thermal conversion of this precursor in air at 250 °C into nickel–iron oxide/carbon composite nanofibers. Moreover, we show that the as-obtained composite material exhibits a comparable catalytic activity and a superior catalytic stability to IrOx/C and RuOx, which are state-of-the-art noble-metal-based water oxidation electrocatalysts. In particular, the obtained amorphous nickel–iron oxide/carbon composite nanofibers with an optimal Ni/Fe molar ratio of 1:2 afford a small overpotential of 310 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, show high catalytic stability for >15 h, and give >90 % Faradaic yield toward the OER. The efficient catalytic activity of the material can be attributed to its overall conducive structural features for the OER, mainly including the amorphous phase structure of nickel–iron oxide, tunable Ni/Fe atomic ratio, and strongly coupled interaction between nickel–iron oxide and nanocarbon.

The stability of the open-pit slope has been one of the important security issues on open-pit mining.Before damage occurs,the high and steep slope always shows the trend of slow process of displacement.Therefore,by monitoring the small displacement of the high and steep slope,we can predict its catastrophic collapse.In this paper,the monitoring system of open-pit slope based on Beidou is presented that can achieve real-time automatic monitoring of high slope.This paper introduces the data acquisition program development, data transmission program development, as well as data analysis and integrated data management.

Efficient detection/monitoring of low-concentration C1–C3 aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., methane) is a challenging task, mainly due to their intrinsically low chemical reactivity and thereby weak sensing response. Herein we report the template-free synthesis of porous nanoparticle-assembled In2O3 microspheres that can serve as a highly sensitive material for C1–C3 detection. In particular, porous In2O3 microspheres with a BET surface area of 57 m2 g−1 are prepared through simple thermal treatment of an indium glycerolate precursor. The gas-sensing properties of the porous In2O3 material are evaluated by a series of C1–C3 hydrocarbons including methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), ethylene (C2H4) and acetylene (C2H2). The porous In2O3 material has the ability to detect these gases with a rapid response (

Layered double hydroxide has been used in a variety of areas, including but not limited to catalysis, energy storage, drug or gene delivery, water treatment, etc. Herein, we report a new simple hydrothermal method to prepare a high surface area flower-like Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide (LDH) assembled by nanosheets by using nickel alkoxide and FeSO4 as the only starting materials. It is free of alkaline solution and other additives for directing or supporting in the synthesis procedure. The formation mechanism of this flower-like LDH formed by ultrathin nanosheets is also discussed. Moreover, the as-obtained LDH material shows increased electrocatalytic activity and stability toward WOR in alkaline media compared with the materials prepared without a Ni alkoxide precursor or Fe precursor, namely α-Fe2O3 and Ni(OH)2, respectively. In addition, the electrocatalytic activity is demonstrated to be related to the molar ratio of Fe and Ni in the final Ni-Fe material, and the best activity is achieved when the ratio reaches 0.52 : 1. The phase compositions of the resulting Ni-Fe(x) are discussed. Furthermore, the Ni-Fe LDH material reported herein might be employed as a promising noble-metal-free water oxidation catalyst to replace the IrOx material-the state-of-the-art water oxidation catalyst.

Nanoparticle-assembled SnO2 microspheres with a porous structure are prepared by a biopolymer-assisted synthetic method. The biopolymer used herein is sodium alginate. Besides sodium alginate, an ethylene glycol–water mixed solvent system is also proven to be necessary for the formation of the porous SnO2 microspheres. The gas-sensing properties of this material are evaluated by a range of gases, and the results show that the gas sensor based on the porous SnO2 material exhibits the highest sensing response towards ethanol relative to other testing gases. The sensing response of the porous SnO2 is ∼3 and 4 times as high as those of the solid SnO2 microspheres (which are prepared in the absence of sodium alginate) and the commercially available SnO2 nanoparticles, respectively. In addition, the porous SnO2 sensor exhibits a wide response range from 0.5 to 200 ppm for ethanol detection. In the testing range from 0.5 to 200 ppm, the logarithm of the response value shows a good linear dependency on the logarithm of ethanol concentration, indicating that the porous SnO2 sensor may be used for quantitative detection of ethanol vapor.

Nanoporous sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride microrods are prepared by direct thermal condensation of a high-quality melamine-trithiocyanuric acid supramolecular cocrystal under N2 atmosphere. The as-obtained carbon nitride material serves as a highly active photocatalyst for H2 evolution under visible-light irradiation, affording an activity about 9.3 times higher than that of the reference carbon nitride material that is prepared using melamine as the precursor. In addition, this material also exhibits satisfactory stability because there is no loss of catalytic activity after the catalytic H2 evolution for 60 h. The simultaneous achievement of the porosity, sulfur-doping and 1D morphology in the carbon nitride material as well as its superior photocatalytic activity, in turn, highlights the importance of the synthetic strategy reported herein.

Hierarchical CdO/ZnO composite materials composed of porous nanoplates are prepared by simple thermal treatment of a “pre-synthesized” cadmium–zinc bimetallic carbonate precursor. The gas-sensing properties of the as-synthesized nanocomposites are evaluated by a range of gases and organic vapors, and the results show that the gas sensors based on CdO/ZnO nanocomposites exhibit the highest sensing response towards ethanol relative to other testing gases. The optimal ratio of CdO to ZnO in CdO/ZnO nanocomposites is 7.5:100 for ethanol detection. The highest response of CdO/ZnO is ∼7 and 59 times as high as those of the pure ZnO and the pure CdO, respectively. The significantly enhanced sensing performance of the CdO/ZnO nanocomposite is attributed to its novel hierarchical structure and synergetic effect between CdO and ZnO. In addition, the CdO/ZnO sensor exhibits short response and recovery times (

SnO2 nanoparticles and In2O3 nanofibers are synthesized via a sol–gel process and an electrospinning method, respectively. Excellent sensing materials for NH3 detection are achieved by coating SnO2 nanoparticles on In2O3 nanofibers. When the as-prepared sensors were exposed to 1 ppm NH3 at room temperature, the response is 21, and the response and recovery times are 7 and 10 s, respectively. With this method, NH3 can be detected down to a concentration of 0.1 ppm, and the corresponding response is about 2. The selectivity and stability of the sensors are satisfactory for gas sensing. And the surface coating is proved to be an effective method for the sensing enhancement of one-dimensional nanomaterials.

In this work, highly stable and porous Cu2O/CuO cubes have been successfully synthesized by the calcination of the precursor at different temperatures (350 °C, 450 °C and 550 °C). The precursor which consists of cupric oxalate and cubic Cu2O was obtained by a one-step hydrothermal route with the help of ethylene glycol. The chemical composition and structure of the products were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is found that the cube is composed of nanoparticles with diameters around several dozens of nanometers and the calcination temperature has great influence on the size, the amount of Cu2O and the surface area of the final products. The gas sensing ability of the as-synthesized porous Cu2O/CuO cubes was investigated toward a series of toxic organic molecules, in which the sample calcined at 350 °C exhibits higher sensing response to acetone. The higher sensing response of this sample might be attributed to the heterostructure of CuO and Cu2O and the relatively high surface area.

A binuclear Mn(II) complex [Mn2(HL)2(H2O)4], HL = 2-[(2-Hydroxy-benzylidene)-amino]-3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propionic acid, has been prepared and characterized by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods. The results suggest that the amino acid Shiff base ligand is coordinated as a bivalent anion with a tridentate NO2 donor set involving the phenolic and carboxylic acid oxygens and azomethine nitrogen. A heterogenized binuclear manganese catalyst was synthesized by the covalent anchoring of [Mn2(HL)2(H2O)4] onto a modified silica gel surface, through the reactive (3-chloropropyl)-trimethoxysilane group. The surface properties of the functionalized catalyst were analyzed by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods. The silica-supported metal complex, ([Mn2L(HL)(H2O)4]/SiO2), catalyzes the oxidation of thioanisole with H2O2, to give the sulfoxide and sulfone. [Mn2L(HL) (H2O)4]/SiO2 shows lower catalytic activity and turnover number compared to the homogeneous catalyst [Mn 2 II –(HL)2(H2O)4]. However, the activity of the immobilized catalyst remains nearly unchanged after five cycles, indicating that it is truly heterogeneous.

In our quest to make various chemical processes sustainable, the development of facile synthetic routes and inexpensive catalysts can play a central role. Herein we report the synthesis of monodisperse, polyaniline (PANI)-derived mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (PAMCs) that can serve as efficient metal-free electrocatalysts for the hydrogen peroxide reduction reaction (HPRR) as well as the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells. The materials are synthesized by polymerization of aniline with the aid of (NH4)2S2O8 as oxidant and colloidal silica nanoparticles as templates, then carbonization of the resulting PANI/silica composite material at different high temperatures, and finally removal of the silica templates from the carbonized products. The PAMC materials that are synthesized under optimized synthetic conditions possess monodisperse mesoporous carbon nanoparticles with an average size of 128 ± 12 nm and an average pore size of ca. 12 nm. Compared with Co3O4, a commonly used electrocatalyst for HPRR, these materials show much better catalytic activity for this reaction. In addition, unlike Co3O4, the PAMCs remain relatively stable during the reaction, under both basic and acidic conditions. The nanoparticles also show good electrocatalytic activity toward ORR. Based on the experimental results, PAMCs' excellent electrocatalytic activity is attributed partly to their heteroatom dopants and/or intrinsic defect sites created by vacancies in their structures and partly to their high porosity and surface area. The reported synthetic method is equally applicable to other polymeric precursors (e.g., polypyrrole (PPY)), which also produces monodisperse, mesoporous carbon nanoparticles in the same way. The resulting materials are potentially useful not only for electrocatalysis of HPRR and ORR in fuel cells but also for other applications where high surface area, small sized, nanostructured carbon materials are generally useful for (e.g., adsorption, supercapacitors, etc.).

Macroporous V2O5−BiVO4 composites with a heterojunction structure have been successfully synthesized under the assistance of colloidal carbon spheres. X-ray diffraction, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies reveal that the as-prepared composites are composed of monoclinic BiVO4 and orthorhombic V2O5. The behavior of photogenerated charges in V2O5, BiVO4, and the V2O5−BiVO4 composite have been investigated through surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) and transient photovoltage (TPV) techniques. It is demonstrated that the formation of heterojunction structure in the V2O5−BiVO4 composite plays an important role in the kinetic behaviors (including separation, transport, and recombination) of photogenerated charges. The heterojunction greatly increases the separation extent and the lifetime of the photogenerated charges in the composites.

The BIAN ligands in Brookhart catalysts were proved to be redox-active during the catalyst activation with alkylaluminum or MAO, and the neutral catalytically active species with a radical anionic BIAN rather than the cationic ones with a neutral BIAN ligand were confirmed to be formed in the catalytic system.

A synthetic route to prepare nanoporous Sr-rich strontium titanate (Sr : Ti ≈ 1.03) with a high surface area is reported. The as-obtained porous nanomaterial serves as a stable and superior photocatalyst for H2 evolution.

Porous anatase TiO(2) microspheres composed of {010}-faceted nanobelts were synthesized through simple thermal treatment of a titanium glycerolate precursor. The as-prepared TiO(2) nanomaterial was shown to serve as an efficient photocatalyst for H(2) evolution, and its activity was more than twice that of the benchmark P25 TiO(2).

ZnS-CHA (CHA = cyclohexylamine) nanocomposite, a unique inorganic-organic hybrid semiconductor, has been prepared from a mild solvothermal reaction system. This material contains 2 nm-sized ZnS nanoparticles, and is photoactive toward UV light (≤300 nm). Under UV-irradiation, the ZnS-CHA nanocomposite is transformed to crystalline zinc hydroxysulfate nanosheets. The driving force of the light-driven transformation reaction is the photogeneration of charges (electrons and holes) in the ZnS nanoparticles, and these photogenerated charges interact with the CHA molecules and the inorganic S(2-) species, leading to decomposition of the organic component and self-oxidation of the inorganic ZnS nanoparticles to form zinc hydroxysulfate. Through simple thermal treatment, the as-formed zinc hydroxysulfate nanosheets are converted to ultrathin ZnO nanosheets with a porous feature, which exhibit high sensitivity and fast response and recovery for ethanol detection when used as an electrical sensing material.

The fluorescent spectrometry used for trace amount of sodium determination with high sensitivity has been discussed in this paper, which was based on complexation of ortho-methoxyl tetraphenylporphyrin (o-OCH 3 TPP) and sodium ion with the excitation wavelength of 242 nm. With the concentration of sodium ion increased, the fluorescence intensity of the complex increased at the emission wavelength of 655 nm. The optimal buffer of Na-o-OCH 3 TPP complex was selected as 10mM Tris-HCl solution, pH=8.87. The relative fluorescence intensity was proportional to the logarithmic value of concentration of Na+ in the range of 1.00×10−9 to 1.00×10−3mol/L, while the concentration of o-CH 3 TPP was 1.269×10−5mol/L, the corresponding correlation coefficient was 0.9804 (n=7), the detection limit can be estimated to about 3.00×10−10mol/L. No significant interferences were observed from alkali metals and alkaline metals, like K+, Ca2+,Mg2+, and Li+. In addition, the proposed method possessed a very nice reproducibility and stability. With standard addition method, the presented method possessed a nice recovery rate of 96.3–104.5% for detection of sodium in water samples from a thermal power plant, indicating that the method can be well used for the determination of trace sodium ion in water in high-parameter power plants.

A female patient, aged 59 years old, underwent immediate implantation of the abutment tooth attached by a magnet in an overdenture. The tooth recovered to normal three months later. A denture was remade and the tooth was still attached by a magnet at the same time. The overdenture fixed well 20 months later, and the tooth was normal. Results of X-ray examination was negative.

This in vitro study was to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (microTBS) of three adhesives to sclerotic dentin in non-carious cervical lesions.The maxillary premolars extracted due to periodontitis and with non-carious cervical lesions were collected. The non-carious, natural cervical sclerotic lesions were bonded with a total-etching adhesive Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, a two-step self-etching adhesive Contax, and an all-in-one self-etching adhesive Adper Prompt L-Pop. Artificially prepared wedge-shaped lesions were also made in sound premolars and bonded with the same adhesives as the controls. MicroTBS of these three adhesives was measured.MicroTBS of Scotchbond and Contax to sclerotic dentin was significantly lower than to normal dentin. But microTBS of Adper Prompt L-Pop to normal dentin was significantly lower than to sclerotic dentin. MicroTBS to sclerotic dentin was Scotchbond 46.805 MPa, Adper Prompt L-Pop 39.045 MPa, and Contax 29.852 MPa.In sclerotic dentin the microTBS was decreased because of the inferior micro-morphology of resin tags. Adhesives with low pH value might bond to sclerotic dentin effectively.

To examine the effect of acid etching time on the bonding interface of non-carious cervical sclerotic dentin.Twenty extracted premolars with non-carious cervical lesions were randomly divided into two groups, the lesion surface was conditioned with Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus dentin bonding system. The etching time was 15 s and 30 s respectively. The bonding interface ultrastructures were compared with SEM.In sclerotic dentin (15 s), the hybrid layer was visible, with minimal resin tags in the dentinal tubules and, when presented, they were shorter. Doubling the etching time (30 s) resulted in more resin tags with an hybrid layer formation on peritubular dentin.Doubling the etching time improved the ultrastructure of sclerotic dentin-resin bonding interface, and could be an efficient way to improve the bonding effect.

To examine, in vitro study, the ultrastructure of resin-infiltrated sclerotic dentine following the application of a two-step self-etching dentin adhesive.Non-carious, natural cervical sclerotic lesions were bonded using Contax (DMG Hamburg, Germany), a self-etching dentin adhesive. Artificially prepared wedge-shaped lesions were also made in sound bicuspids and bonded using the same adhesive as controls. By SEM examination, the morphological change of the dentin surface treated by Contax Primer, and the hybrid layer and resin tag in the dentin-resin interface were studied.Most dentinal tubules were occluded by rod-like sclerotic casts in the sclerotic dentin surface. Both hybrid layer and resin tag were observed in sclerotic dentin. The hybrid layer was almost similar to that in the sound dentin, but the resin tags were shorter than those in controls.Bonding to sclerotic dentin is different from sound dentin and may be compromised by occluded dentin tubules. Based on the present ultrastructural features of hybrid layer and resin tags, the Contax, a self-etching dentin adhesive with a low pH value primer, may have some bonding efficacy to sclerotic dentin.

To examine the ultrastructure of resin-infiltrated sclerotic dentine following the application of a three-step total-etching dentin adhesive.Naturally-occurring, non-carious cervical lesions on extracted premolars were bonded using a total-etching dentin adhesive-Scotchbond Multi-purpose. Artificially prepared wedge-shaped lesions were also made in sound premolars and restored using the same adhesive as control. The morphological change of the dentin surface conditioned with the etchant, and the hybrid zone and resin tags in the dentin-resin interface were studied by SEM.Most dentinal tubules were obliterated by rod-like sclerotic casts in the non-carious cervical lesion, and could not be dissolved by Scotchbond Multi-purpose etchant. Both the hybrid zone and resin tags were observed in sclerotic dentin after restoration, although the resin tags were fewer and in lack of communications, the length of resin tags and the thickness of the hybrid zone were almost similar to those of the sound dentin.Bonding to sclerotic dentin is different from sound dentin, and may be compromised by the fewer resin tags and communications.

A porous Co3O4 material with unique octahedron-in-octahedron core–shell-type morphology is prepared via a facile precursor-mediated synthetic route. This material possesses large surface area and good catalytic activity for water oxidation reaction.

Wurtzite ZnO microspheres composed of radially aligned porous nanorods are prepared via a simple thermal treatment of a "pre-synthesized" zinc monoglycerolate precursor. The as-prepared hierarchical nanomaterial can serve as a highly sensitive sensing material for ethanol detection.

Graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONR) with regular edges have been prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. The relatively high yield and convenient preparation of GONR eventually make graphene nanoribbons (GNR) accessible in the field of composite materials where bulk quantities of nanoribbons are required.

ZnO nanoparticles and nanofibers are prepared using radio-frequency (RF) sputtering and electrospinning, respectively. The performances of ZnO nanoparticles–nanofibers sensors are superior to those of ZnO nanofibers and ZnO nanoparticles sensors for ethanol. It is due to the increase of effective contact area and porosity of ZnO nanofibers.