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Polylactic acid has the advantages of excellent antibacterial properties, biodegradability, good biocompatibility,and low cost, and is widely used in the fields of medicine and packaging. The addition of antimicrobial agents to polylactic acid is an important way to broaden the application field of polylactic acid. In this paper, the preparation methods of typical antibacterial polylactic acid composite films are introduced from the aspects of cast film formation, electrospinning, and 3D printing. From the aspects of inorganic antimicrobial agents, organic antimicrobial agents, and natural antibacterial agents, the types of antibacterial polylactic acid composite films are introduced. This paper summarizes the development of antibacterial polylactic acid composite film in the field of food packaging and wound dressings in recent years. The results show that different preparation methods have different effects on the antibacterial properties of polylactic acid composite films, and 3D printing and electrospinning are the development directions for the preparation of antibacterial polylactic acid composite films in the future. Polylactic acid is compounded with different antibacterial agents, all of which have excellent antibacterial properties, and antibacterial agents can be flexibly selected according to actual needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]