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Left-behind children are one of the main issues in China's child welfare services. The change in the family environment has destroyed these children's original levels of resilience. Hence social service and support from social organizations are needed. The study examines the impact of different types of social support social organizations provide to enhance the resilience of left-behind children in rural China. Types of social support analyzed include material, mental, informational, behavioral, and social interaction support. Data was collected from 384 rural left-behind children using a pre-coded questionnaire. Respondents were randomly selected from Guangxi, China in 2022. They had an average age of 12.781 years, with 45.83% male and 54.17% female. Multiple linear regression was used to conduct an empirical analysis of the different types of social support provided by social organizations. The results found that material, mental, informational, and behavioral support provided by social organizations had significant effects on the resilience of rural left-behind children in China. Further research should be conducted on the importance of providing material, mental, informational, and behavioral support to left-behind children to better help improve their resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of substrate temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties and dissolution behavior of wollastonite coatings is investigated. The crystallinity of as-deposited coatings increases with increasing substrate temperature, whereas the porosity shows only a little variable tendency. The Knoop hardness and elastic modulus increase with the substrate temperature up to 400 °C firstly, and then a decrement is observed with the temperature further increasing to 600 °C. The dissolution rate characterized by the pH changes and the ion concentration changes of Ca, Si and P in SBF decreases with the increase in the substrate temperature. It can be concluded that increasing the substrate temperature is a feasible method to improve the mechanical properties and to decrease the dissolution rate of wollastonite coatings. However, the bioactivity of coatings deposited on preheated substrates is superior to those on non-preheated ones, which presumably results from their different phase compositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wollastonite coatings are deposited on the U-shape titanium alloy coupons by atmospheric plasma spraying at substrate temperatures of room temperature and 400 °C, respectively. The effects of applied stresses and microstructure on the dissolution behavior of wollastonite coatings have been investigated. The dissolution rate is characterized by the ion concentration changes of Ca, Si, and P in the SBF solution. The coatings deposited at room temperature show higher porosity and lower crystallinity, and further higher dissolution rate is observed, compared with the coatings deposited at a substrate temperature of 400 °C. Applied tensile stresses promote the coating dissolution. The effect of compressive stresses on the dissolution of coatings depends on the balance between the hindrance effect and the promotion action caused by the debonding and/or peeling off. The stress condition cannot change the phase transformation process when the substrate crystal structure is adverse for the apatite precipitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]