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The horizontal part of the third segment (V3) of the vertebral artery (VA) is a critical anastomotic site for bypass procedures involving either donor or recipient vessels. It is rare for the V3 segment to deviate from its typical course of passing through the atlanto-transverse foramen. V3 anomaly encountered in occipital artery (OA)-V3 bypass surgery has not been previously reported. Here, we present a case involving a patient undergoing bypass surgery due to recurrent post-stent occlusion at the first segment (V1) of the left VA. During the operation, it was noted that the V3 horizontal segment could not be identified within the left VA groove, leading to initial suspicion of left V3 disuse atrophy attributed to prolonged chronic ischaemia. Consequently, there was a need to modify the operative method and to transition from an OA-V3 bypass to an OA-posterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass. Post-operative computed tomography angiography confirmed that indeed, the left V3 did not traverse through the transverse foramen of the atlas and instead entered the dural membrane between the first cervical vertebra (C1) and the second cervical vertebra (C2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low capacity and poor cycle stability greatly inhibit the development of zinc‐iodine batteries. Herein, a high‐performance Zn‐iodine battery has been reached by designing and optimizing both electrode and electrolyte. The Br− is introduced as the activator to trigger I+, and coupled with I+ forming interhalogen to stabilize I+ to achieve a four‐electron reaction, which greatly promotes the capacity. And the Ni−Fe−I LDH nanoflowers serve as the confinement host to enable the reactions of I−/I+ occurring in the layer due to the spacious and stable interlayer spacing of Ni−Fe−I LDH, which effectively suppresses the iodine‐species shuttle ensuring high cycling stability. As a result, the electrochemical performance is greatly enhanced, especially in specific capacity (as high as 350 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 far higher than two‐electron transfer Zn‐iodine batteries) and cycling performance (94.6 % capacity retention after 10000 cycles). This strategy provides a new way to realize high capacity and long‐term stability of Zn‐iodine batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing the thickness of inorganic solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) can improve both the gravimetric/volumetric energy density due to the decreased weight/thickness of the cells. Unfortunately, the thickness of inorganic SSEs by the powder‐pressing method is 500–1000 µm, which brings large internal resistance. In this work, an ultrathin SSE membrane is prepared via a simple solution‐infusion method using a ZrO2 nanowire as the skeleton and Li3InCl6 as the Li‐ion conductor. This membrane can be self‐standing with a minimum thickness of 25 µm, less than 1/20 in thickness of that electrolyte by the powder‐pressing method. Attributed to a high Li3InCl6 loading, the membrane remains a high conductivity. When used as the electrolyte in solid cells, such the membrane can enable a much‐reduced resistance compared to the traditional SSE layer. Due to the fact that the electrolyte membrane does not contain any organic components, it exhibits good thermal stability. Benefiting from the soft nature of the halide SSEs, the membrane, without any modification, can close contact with the composite cathode. The LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2/LiIn cell exhibits a high reversible capacity and the capacity retention is above 80% after 200 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the difficulty in calculating the power module loss of the electric air conditioner and lack of heat dissipation design basis, the mechanism of heat production and heat dissipation is analyzed, the calculation method of actual loss value is proposed based on the spatial interpolation algorithm，mathematical model of heat transfer from a power module to a refrigerant is established, and two methods to improve the cooling efficiency is proposed. The thermal simulation analysis of the temperature distribution of power module under different thermal conductivity and base thickness is carried out by the finite element software. The theoretical analysis and simulation results are verified by experiments. The results show that the two proposed ways to improve the cooling efficiency can improve the thermal performance of power modules.

Li2C2O4, with a high theoretical capacity of 525 mAh·g−1 and good air stability, is regarded as a more attractive cathode pre-lithiation additive in contrast to the reported typical inorganic pre-lithiation compounds which are quite air sensitive. However, its obtained capacity is much lower than the theoretical value and its delithiation potential (> 4.7 V) is too high to match with the most commercial cathode materials, which greatly impedes its practical application. Herein, we greatly improve the pre-lithiation performance of Li2C2O4 as cathode additive with fulfilled capacity at a much-reduced delithiation voltage, enabling its wide applicability for typical commercial cathodes. We increase the capacity of Li2C2O4 from 436 to 525 mAh·g−1 by reducing its particle size. Through optimizing the types of conductive additives, introducing nano-morphological NiO, MnO2, etc. as catalysts, and innovatively designing a bilayer electrode, the delithiation potential of Li2C2O4 is successfully reduced from 4.778 to 4.288 V. We systematically study different particle size, conductive additives, and catalysts on the delithiation behavior of Li2C2O4. Finally, it is applied to pre-lithiate the hard carbon anode, and it is found that Li2C2O4 could effectively increase the capacity of the full cell from 79.0 to 140.0 mAh·g−1 in the first cycle. In conclusion, our study proves that improving the reactivity is an effective strategy to boost the pre-lithiation of Li2C2O4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]