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11 results on '"Liao, Chun‐Kang"'

3. Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication in airway mucosal tissue and susceptibility in smokers

Author

Nakayama, Tsuguhisa, Lee, Ivan T, Jiang, Sizun, Matter, Matthias S, Yan, Carol H, Overdevest, Jonathan B, Wu, Chien-Ting, Goltsev, Yury, Shih, Liang-Chun, Liao, Chun-Kang, Zhu, Bokai, Bai, Yunhao, Lidsky, Peter, Xiao, Yinghong, Zarabanda, David, Yang, Angela, Easwaran, Meena, Schürch, Christian M, Chu, Pauline, Chen, Han, Stalder, Anna K, McIlwain, David R, Borchard, Nicole A, Gall, Phillip A, Dholakia, Sachi S, Le, Wei, Xu, Le, Tai, Chih-Jaan, Yeh, Te-Huei, Erickson-Direnzo, Elizabeth, Duran, Jason M, Mertz, Kirsten D, Hwang, Peter H, Haslbauer, Jasmin D, Jackson, Peter K, Menter, Thomas, Andino, Raul, Canoll, Peter D, DeConde, Adam S, Patel, Zara M, Tzankov, Alexandar, Nolan, Garry P, and Nayak, Jayakar V

Subjects
Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, Tobacco, Prevention, Biodefense, Pneumonia & Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Pneumonia, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Clinical Research, Vaccine Related, Lung, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Respiratory, Good Health and Well Being, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, COVID-19, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nasal Cavity, Respiratory Mucosa, SARS-CoV-2, Serine Endopeptidases, Smokers, Trachea, Viral Tropism, ACE2, IFN-β1, TMPRSS2, ciliated epithelial cell, nasal cavity, smoking, trachea, upper airway
Abstract

Understanding viral tropism is an essential step toward reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, decreasing mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and limiting opportunities for mutant strains to arise. Currently, little is known about the extent to which distinct tissue sites in the human head and neck region and proximal respiratory tract selectively permit SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication. In this translational study, we discover key variabilities in expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), essential SARS-CoV-2 entry factors, among the mucosal tissues of the human proximal airways. We show that SARS-CoV-2 infection is present in all examined head and neck tissues, with a notable tropism for the nasal cavity and tracheal mucosa. Finally, we uncover an association between smoking and higher SARS-CoV-2 viral infection in the human proximal airway, which may explain the increased susceptibility of smokers to developing severe COVID-19. This is at least partially explained by differences in interferon (IFN)-β1 levels between smokers and non-smokers.

Published
2021

4. ACE2 localizes to the respiratory cilia and is not increased by ACE inhibitors or ARBs.

Author

Lee, Ivan T, Nakayama, Tsuguhisa, Wu, Chien-Ting, Goltsev, Yury, Jiang, Sizun, Gall, Phillip A, Liao, Chun-Kang, Shih, Liang-Chun, Schürch, Christian M, McIlwain, David R, Chu, Pauline, Borchard, Nicole A, Zarabanda, David, Dholakia, Sachi S, Yang, Angela, Kim, Dayoung, Chen, Han, Kanie, Tomoharu, Lin, Chia-Der, Tsai, Ming-Hsui, Phillips, Katie M, Kim, Raymond, Overdevest, Jonathan B, Tyler, Matthew A, Yan, Carol H, Lin, Chih-Feng, Lin, Yi-Tsen, Bau, Da-Tian, Tsay, Gregory J, Patel, Zara M, Tsou, Yung-An, Tzankov, Alexandar, Matter, Matthias S, Tai, Chih-Jaan, Yeh, Te-Huei, Hwang, Peter H, Nolan, Garry P, Nayak, Jayakar V, and Jackson, Peter K

Subjects
Goblet Cells, Respiratory System, Lung, Cilia, Endothelial Cells, Humans, Pneumonia, Viral, Coronavirus Infections, Sinusitis, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Smoking, Age Factors, Sex Factors, Gene Expression, Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists, Pandemics, COVID-19, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Pneumonia, Viral
Abstract

The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the ongoing severe acute respiratory disease pandemic COVID-19. Tissue and cellular tropism is one key to understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. We investigate the expression and subcellular localization of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), within the upper (nasal) and lower (pulmonary) respiratory tracts of human donors using a diverse panel of banked tissues. Here, we report our discovery that the ACE2 receptor protein robustly localizes within the motile cilia of airway epithelial cells, which likely represents the initial or early subcellular site of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry during host respiratory transmission. We further determine whether ciliary ACE2 expression in the upper airway is influenced by patient demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, or medication use, and show the first mechanistic evidence that the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) does not increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection through enhancing the expression of ciliary ACE2 receptor. These findings are crucial to our understanding of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 for prevention and control of this virulent pathogen.

Published
2020

9. Robust ACE2 protein expression localizes to the motile cilia of the respiratory tract epithelia and is not increased by ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers

Author

Lee, Ivan T., primary, Nakayama, Tsuguhisa, additional, Wu, Chien-Ting, additional, Goltsev, Yury, additional, Jiang, Sizun, additional, Gall, Phillip A., additional, Liao, Chun-Kang, additional, Shih, Liang-Chun, additional, Schürch, Christian M., additional, McIlwain, David R., additional, Chu, Pauline, additional, Borchard, Nicole A., additional, Zarabanda, David, additional, Dholakia, Sachi S., additional, Yang, Angela, additional, Kim, Dayoung, additional, Kanie, Tomoharu, additional, Lin, Chia-Der, additional, Tsai, Ming-Hsui, additional, Phillips, Katie M., additional, Kim, Raymond, additional, Overdevest, Jonathan B., additional, Tyler, Matthew A., additional, Yan, Carol H., additional, Lin, Chih-Feng, additional, Lin, Yi-Tsen, additional, Bau, Da-Tian, additional, Tsay, Gregory J., additional, Patel, Zara M., additional, Tsou, Yung-An, additional, Tai, Chih-Jaan, additional, Yeh, Te-Huei, additional, Hwang, Peter H., additional, Nolan, Garry P., additional, Nayak, Jayakar V., additional, and Jackson, Peter K., additional

Published
2020
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10. Personalized multidisciplinary approach of orbital apex foreign body: A case report and literature review.

Author

Hou YT, Wei YH, Liao CK, and Lin CF

Abstract

Foreign bodies in the intraconal space are unusual, and lodgment at the orbital apex was even more unusual. High-velocity object injuries, such as gunshots or industrial accidents, are the common causes of intraorbital foreign bodies. It is difficult for surgeons to retrieve foreign bodies from the orbital apex as it is a deep, narrow space with critical surrounding structures. The use of an image-guided navigation system improves the accuracy of transnasal endoscopic surgery and causes less damage. We present a case in which a bullet became lodged in the orbital apex and was successfully removed using transnasal endoscopic surgery with the collaboration of otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists. To summarize, orbital apex foreign bodies are harmful, and prompt removal with a personalized multidisciplinary approach is critical., Competing Interests: Dr. Yi-Hsuan Wei, an editorial board member at Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology, had no role in the peer review process of or decision to publish this article. The other authors decalared no conflicts of interest in writing this paper., (Copyright: © 2022 Taiwan J Ophthalmol.)

Published
2022
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11. Robust ACE2 protein expression localizes to the motile cilia of the respiratory tract epithelia and is not increased by ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers.

Author

Lee IT, Nakayama T, Wu CT, Goltsev Y, Jiang S, Gall PA, Liao CK, Shih LC, Schürch CM, McIlwain DR, Chu P, Borchard NA, Zarabanda D, Dholakia SS, Yang A, Kim D, Kanie T, Lin CD, Tsai MH, Phillips KM, Kim R, Overdevest JB, Tyler MA, Yan CH, Lin CF, Lin YT, Bau DT, Tsay GJ, Patel ZM, Tsou YA, Tai CJ, Yeh TH, Hwang PH, Nolan GP, Nayak JV, and Jackson PK

Abstract

We investigated the expression and subcellular localization of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), within the upper (nasal) and lower (pulmonary) respiratory tracts of healthy human donors. We detected ACE2 protein expression within the cilia organelle of ciliated airway epithelial cells, which likely represents the initial or early subcellular site of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry during respiratory transmission. We further determined whether ACE2 expression in the cilia of upper respiratory cells was influenced by patient demographics, clinical characteristics, co-morbidities, or medication use, and found no evidence that the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) increases ACE2 protein expression.

Published
2020
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