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As a major carbon emitter, the power sector plays a crucial role in realizing the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. This study constructed a low-carbon power system based on the LEAP model (LEAP-GBA) with 2020 as a statistic base aiming of exploring the low-carbon transformation pathway of the power sector in the Guangdong–Hong Kong, and Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Five scenarios are set up to simulate the demand, power generation structure, carbon emissions, and power generation costs in the power sector under different scenarios. The results indicate that total electricity demand will peak after 2050, with 80% of it coming from industry, buildings and residential use. To achieve net-zero emissions from the power sector in the GBA, a future power generation mix dominated by nuclear and renewable energy generation and supplemented by fossil energy generation equipped with CCUS technologies. BECCS technology and nuclear power are the key to realize zero carbon emissions from the power sector in the GBA, so it should be the first to promote BECCS technology testing and commercial application, improve the deployment of nuclear power sites, and push forward the construction of nuclear power and technology improvement in the next 40 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The People''s Republic of China foresees a target of 30 GW for installed wind power capacity by 2010 (2008: 12 GW). This paper reports on the technical and economic potentials of wind power, the recent development, existing obstacles, and related policies in China. The barriers to further commercialization of the wind power market are important and may deter the 100 GW capacity target of the Chinese government by 2020. The paper concludes that the diffusion of wind power in China is an important element for not only reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, but also for worldwide progress of wind power technology and needed economies of scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper investigated the characteristics of inorganic elements in ashes from biomass gasification power generation (BGPG) plant. The ash samples of the gasifier ash, separator ash and wet scrubber ash were collected in a 1 MW circulating fluidized bed (CFB) wood gasification power generation plant. Particle size distribution of ashes was determined by gravimetric measurement and super probe analyzer. The concentrations of trace elements and major ash-forming elements, such as As, Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Na, Ni, Pb, Ti in different ashes as a function of particle size were determined by Inductive Coupled Plasma Spectrometer. The concentrations and distribution coefficient and enrichment factors of the inorganic elements in ashes were studied. X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and X-ray powder diffraction were used to provide information on the characteristics of the ashes. The results showed that most of the trace elements had an enrichment tendency in the finer size particles. A considerable amount of the ashes was residual carbon. Most of the volatile e.g. halogen elements and alkali elements existed mainly in wet scrubber ash and enriched in fly ash. Most of the Si, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd were found in separator ash, indicating an enrichment of heavy metal elements in separator ash. K, S, Mn, Cu mainly existed in gasifier ash. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• CO 2 emissions of Guangzhou will peak in 2023 under the Current Policy Scenario. • More stringent policies and measures needs to adopt to advance the peak time to 2020. • Industrial is the only one that has achieved a CO 2 emissions peak in Guangzhou. • Building's CO 2 emissions will not peak by 2030 under any of the three scenarios. • Transportation is the key to achieve the goal of peaking CO 2 emissions on time. Cities are key to global greenhouse gas emissions management. To explore urban greenhouse gas peak pathways, a city-level Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emission Analysis model was developed by using Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning model framework. Using the city of Guangzhou as a case study, this research compiled a overall energy balance sheet of base year and simulated future CO 2 emission trends from 2015 to 2030 under three scenarios. Results show that CO 2 emissions in Guangzhou will peak around 2023 under the current policy scenario. In order to advance the CO 2 emissions peak to 2020, the more stringent emissions-reduction policies and measures need to be adopted under the peaking scenario and enhanced peaking scenario, with the peak emission value of 125–127 Mt CO 2 e. The industrial sector is the only sector in which CO 2 emissions have peaked in Guangzhou, the building sector's CO 2 emissions will not peak by 2030 under any of the three scenarios, while the transportation sector, which will contribute 50 percent of emission reduction potential, is the key to achieve its goal of peaking CO 2 emissions on time. In the short term, stringent reduction strategies on the transportation, industrial, and power sectors are needed, including transport mode adjustment, industrial structure adjustment, electrification level improvement, clean-up transformation of thermal power, and energy efficiency improvement. However, in the long term, reduction strategies for the building sector, like energy efficiency improvement and large-scale application of renewable energy, will be essential for Guangzhou. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to clarify the species differences of pharmacokinetics of Y101 (N-[N-benzoyl-O-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-l-tyrosyl]-l-phenylalaninol hydrochloride), a derivative of herbal ingredient with anti-HBV hepatitis activity, in rats, dogs, monkeys and humans. The metabolic stability and metabolite identification studies using liver microsomes in vitro, plasma protein binding using a rapid equilibrium dialysis in vitro, pharmacokinetic studies in vivo were carried out to evaluate the interspecies differences. The toxicokinetic study in monkeys was also investigated. The metabolic profiles were similar in monkeys and humans, which were significant different from rats and dogs in vitro. In vitro plasma protein binding showed no major differences between species with medium to high protein binding rates. After single oral dose to rats, dogs, and monkeys, the absolute oral bioavailability of Y101 was 44.9%, 43.1%, and 19.2%, respectively. There was no accumulation for Y101 toxicokinetics in monkeys after oral administration for 90 d. The metabolic profiles indicated monkey was the very animal model for preclinical safety evaluation of Y101. Our results have demonstrated the favorable pharmacokinetics profile of Y101, which supports the clinical trials in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are increasing rapidly in Guangdong, an economically developed Chinese province. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an important approach to lower carbon concentration in this area. This study provides guidance and recommendations for CCS development and demonstration by analysing the necessity of CCS in Guangdong. Furthermore, this study identifies the major opportunities and technical demands related to CCS development in this province based on a sectoral analysis of emission inventory and the forecasting and identification of the potential CO2storage capacity. A CCS development roadmap is then developed for Guangdong based on the analysis results, and the milestone goals of this roadmap from the present until 2030 are presented in accordance with the development of technology in and the current status of Guangdong. In addition, the roadmap suggests CCS support policies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The New Economic Normal is a revolutionary change in China's economic development model, and it is of great significance to understand the characteristics and drivers of carbon intensity (CI) under the New Economic Normal at multiple levels for formulating carbon mitigation plans. By coupling subsystem analysis and structural decomposition analysis, this study examines the characteristics and drivers of Guangdong's CI from 2007 to 2017 from multiple demand-side perspectives. It reveals in detail the impact of economic structural changes on CI during the New Economic Normal, especially demand transformations. Moreover, it outlines a methodology for providing further insights into the mechanisms of drivers in reducing CI from an industrial linkage perspective. The results show that 1) Interprovincial trade has replaced investment as the demand type with the highest CI during the New Norm. 2) Production restructuring has replaced energy efficiency improvement as the largest driver of CI decline. In contrast, changes in consumption patterns and demand conversion within the economic inner-cycle strategy impeded CI decline. 3) Production or demand restructuring has differential impacts on CI of different sectors or demand types, with offsetting effects even sometimes leading to insignificant overall impacts. 4) In industrial linkage, restructuring promoted CI associated with internal linkages and suppressed CI associated with cross-sectoral linkages, further altering the linkage characteristics of CI. The findings and research methodology will provide theoretical support for the formulation of carbon mitigation strategies in Guangdong and other regions. • Carbon intensity (CI) for a representative region during the "New Normal" is scrutinized. • It focuses on demand-side factors and industrial linkage perspectives. • CI mitigation trajectories have shifted before and after the New Normal. • Restructuring has altered linkage characteristics of CI. • Emphasis on optimizing domestic trade and restructuring upstream intermediate inputs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]