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Background As the assistive and resistive properties of water can facilitate the performance of exercise, aquatic exercise therapy might be a promising rehabilitation modality for burn patients. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of aquatic exercise therapy in adult burn patients with an indication for supervised exercise therapy. Methods Eligible for this observational pilot study were all competent adult burn patients with an indication for supervised exercise therapy who had been admitted to the burn centre of the Maasstad Hospital between June 2016 and February 2017. Patients were asked to participate in an in-hospital aquatic exercise therapy program for a minimum of 2 weeks, 2 times per week, or otherwise serve as control by having land-based exercise therapy (regular care). Feasibility of aquatic exercise therapy was assessed by comparing the number of eligible patients to the number of patients that could actually participate, monitoring attendance rates, monitoring complications, and evaluating early experiences. Acceptability was assessed using the Water Exercise Acceptability Questionnaire. Results Eleven patients were invited and ten of them agreed to participate. All chose aquatic instead of land-based exercise therapy. Participants were aged between 19 and 64 years and their burns affected 18–53% of total body surface area (TBSA). Aquatic exercise therapy appeared feasible in nine of 13 eligible patients (69%). Attendance rates were high (42–100%) and the majority of participants (n = 9) continued with aquatic exercise therapy beyond the initial two weeks. No serious complications (e.g. infections) occurred. Adverse symptoms (wound healing issues) were reported in five participants, but in four of them these were not likely to be due to the aquatic exercise therapy. Enjoyment was high and adherence to the aquatic exercise therapy was further facilitated by support from staff, a sense of achievement, noticeable improvements, personal motivation, and support from other participants. Peer support was reported as a positive side effect. Conclusions These preliminary results indicate that aquatic exercise therapy is both feasible and acceptable for the majority of adult burn patients with an indication for supervised exercise therapy. No indications were found for an increased risk of infection or other serious complications.

Background: Valid measures to assess either small or assisted performed movements of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) are required. We analysed the construct validity of the Actiwatch-2 to assess movement in people with PIMD. Method: Twenty-two persons with PIMD were video recorded while wearing an Actiwatch-2. We used 15s-partial-interval recording to record upper body movement, body position and activity situation. Multilevel analyses were used to evaluate if the Actiwatch-2, based on produced counts, could detect changes in these factors. Results: The presence versus absence of upper body movement and an activity situation in which participants were involved versus not involved resulted in significantly higher counts, with a large variety in predicted counts between participants. No relationship between body position and counts was found. Conclusions: The Actiwatch-2 seems able to assess obvious upper body movement in people with PIMD, and whether there is involvement in an activity situation.

Augmented Play Spaces (APS) are (semi-) public environments where playful interaction is facilitated by enriching the existing environment with interactive technology. APS can potentially facilitate social interaction and physical activity in (semi-)public environments. In controlled settings APS show promising effects. However, people’s willingness to engage with APSin situ, depends on many factors that do not occur in aforementioned controlled settings (where participation is obvious). To be able to achieve and demonstrate the positive effects of APS when implemented in (semi-)public environments, it is important to gain more insight in how to motivate people to engage with them and better understand when and how those decisions can be influenced by certain (design) factors. The Participant Journey Map (PJM) was developed following multiple iterations. First, based on related work, and insights gained from previously developed and implemented APS, a concept of the PJM was developed. Next, to validate and refine the PJM, interviews with 6 experts with extensive experience with developing and implementing APS were conducted. The first part of these interviews focused on influential (design) factors for engaging people into APS. In the second part, experts were asked to provide feedback on the first concept of the PJM. Based on the insights from the expert interviews, the PJM was adjusted and refined. The Participant Journey Map consists of four layers: Phases, States, Transitions and Influential Factors. There are two overarchingphases: ‘Onboarding’ and ‘Participation’ and 6statesa (potential) participant goes through when engaging with an APS: ‘Transit,’ ‘Awareness,’ ‘Interest,’ ‘Intention,’ ‘Participation,’ ‘Finishing.’Transitionsindicate movements between states.Influential factorsare the factors that influence these transitions. The PJM supports directions for further research and the design and implementation of APS. It contributes to previous work by providing a detailed overview of a participant journey and the factors that influence motivation to engage with APS. Notable additions are the detailed overview of influential factors, the introduction of the states ‘Awareness,’ ‘Intention’ and ‘Finishing’ and the non-linear approach. This will support taking into account these often overlooked, key moments in future APS research and design projects. Additionally, suggestions for future research into the design of APS are given.

Unhealthy eating behaviors and low levels of physical activity are major problems in adolescents and young adults in vocational education. To develop effective intervention programs, more research is needed to understand how different types of motivation contribute to health behaviors. In the present study, Self-Determination Theory is used to examine how motivation contributes to dietary and physical activity behaviors in vocational students. This cross-sectional study included 809 students (mean age 17.8 ± 1.9 years) attending vocational education in the Netherlands. Linear multilevel regression analyses were used to investigate the association between types of motivation and dietary and physical activity behaviors. Amotivation was negatively associated with breakfast frequency and positively associated with diet soda consumption and high-calorie between-meal snacks. A positive association was found between autonomous motivation and water intake, breakfast frequency, fruit intake, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Autonomous motivation was negatively associated with the consumption of unhealthy products. Controlled motivation was not associated with physical activity or dietary behaviors. Different types of motivation seem to explain either healthy or unhealthy dietary behaviors in vocational students. Autonomous motivation, in particular, was shown to be associated with healthy behaviors and could therefore be a valuable intervention target.

Background: Valid measures to assess either small or assisted performed movements of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) are required. We analysed the construct validity of the Actiwatch-2 to assess movement in people with PIMD. Method: Twenty-two persons with PIMD were video recorded while wearing an Actiwatch-2. We used 15s-partial-interval recording to record upper body movement, body position and activity situation. Multilevel analyses were used to evaluate if the Actiwatch-2, based on produced counts, could detect changes in these factors. Results: The presence versus absence of upper body movement and an activity situation in which participants were involved versus not involved resulted in significantly higher counts, with a large variety in predicted counts between participants. No relationship between body position and counts was found. Conclusions: The Actiwatch-2 seems able to assess obvious upper body movement in people with PIMD, and whether there is involvement in an activity situation.

Unhealthy eating behaviors and low levels of physical activity are major problems in adolescents and young adults in vocational education. To develop effective intervention programs, more research is needed to understand how different types of motivation contribute to health behaviors. In the present study, Self-Determination Theory is used to examine how motivation contributes to dietary and physical activity behaviors in vocational students. This cross-sectional study included 809 students (mean age 17.8 ± 1.9 years) attending vocational education in the Netherlands. Linear multilevel regression analyses were used to investigate the association between types of motivation and dietary and physical activity behaviors. Amotivation was negatively associated with breakfast frequency and positively associated with diet soda consumption and high-calorie between-meal snacks. A positive association was found between autonomous motivation and water intake, breakfast frequency, fruit intake, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Autonomous motivation was negatively associated with the consumption of unhealthy products. Controlled motivation was not associated with physical activity or dietary behaviors. Different types of motivation seem to explain either healthy or unhealthy dietary behaviors in vocational students. Autonomous motivation, in particular, was shown to be associated with healthy behaviors and could therefore be a valuable intervention target.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess relationships between children&rsquo, s physical environment and afterschool leisure time physical activity (PA) and active transport. Methods: Children aged 10&ndash, 12 years participated in a 7-day accelerometer and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) protocol. Afterschool leisure time PA and active transport were identified based on location- and speed-algorithms based on accelerometer, GPS and Geospatial Information Systems (GIS) data. We operationalized children&rsquo, s exposure to the environment by combining home, school and the daily transport environment in individualized daily activity-spaces. Results: In total, 255 children from 20 Dutch primary schools from suburban areas provided valid data. This study showed that greenspaces and smaller distances from the children&rsquo, s home to school were associated with afterschool leisure time PA and walking. Greater distances between home and school, as well as pedestrian infrastructure were associated with increased cycling. Conclusion: We demonstrated associations between environments and afterschool PA within several behavioral contexts. Future studies are encouraged to target specific behavioral domains and to develop natural experiments based on interactions between several types of the environment, child characteristics and potential socio-cognitive processes.

Lekker lang gezond blijven, dat willen we allemaal wel. Psychologie Magazine zocht uit welke leefregels meteen effect hebben, en ook hoe je die makkelijk inbouwt in je leven. De allerbeste adviezen van 14 prominente Nederlandse gezondheidsexperts.

Trade-offs between current and future consequences are characteristic for the domain of health behavior. Therefore, both eating and exercising behavior could be determined by time orientation, which refers to an individual’s general orientation toward the present or the future. The main aim of this dissertation is to provide insight into the relations between time orientation and both eating and exercising behavior. The results of this dissertation confirm that time orientation is a shared determinant of eating and exercising behavior. Nevertheless, time orientation for food and for exercise are different constructs that, in turn, have differential relations with eating and exercising behavior. Specifically, eating behavior is mainly predicted by consideration of immediate consequences, whereas exercising behavior is mainly predicted by consideration of future consequences. In addition, these relations can be partly explained by construal level. Theoretically, the results of this dissertation contribute in various ways to a better understanding of the construct of time orientation and its relations with eating and exercising behavior. Methodologically, the results of this dissertation have several implications for the measurement of time orientation as well as the measurement of eating and exercising behavior. Practically, the results of this dissertation can be used in the development of campaigns to stimulate healthy eating and exercising behavior. Overall, the insights that have been gained in this dissertation contribute to a better understanding of individuals’ intertemporal decision making in the health domain and can ultimately be used in order to promote and stimulate healthy eating and exercising behavior.

Background: The purpose of this study is to increase our understanding of environmental correlates that are associated with route choice during active transportation to school (ATS) by comparing characteristics of actual walking and cycling routes between home and school with the shortest possible route to school. Methods: Children (n = 184; 86 boys, 98 girls; age range: 8–12 years) from seven schools in suburban municipalities in the Netherlands participated in the study. Actual walking and cycling routes to school were measured with a GPS-device that children wore during an entire school week. Measurements were conducted in the period April–June 2014. Route characteristics for both actual and shortest routes between home and school were determined for a buffer of 25 m from the routes and divided into four categories: Land use (residential, commercial, recreational, traffic areas), Aesthetics (presence of greenery/natural water ways along route), Traffic (safety measures such as traffic lights, zebra crossings, speed bumps) and Type of street (pedestrian, cycling, residential streets, arterial roads). Comparison of characteristics of shortest and actual routes was performed with conditional logistic regression models. Results: Median distance of the actual walking routes was 390.1 m, whereas median distance of actual cycling routes was 673.9 m. Actual walking and cycling routes were not significantly longer than the shortest possible routes. Children mainly traveled through residential areas on their way to school (>80 % of the route). Traffic lights were found to be positively associated with route choice during ATS. Zebra crossings were less often present along the actual routes (walking: OR = 0.17, 95 % CI = 0.05–0.58; cycling: OR = 0.31, 95 % CI = 0.14–0.67), and streets with a high occurrence of accidents were less often used during cycling to school (OR = 0.57, 95 % CI = 0.43–0.76). Moreover, percentage of visible surface water along the actual route was higher compared to the shortest routes (walking: OR = 1.04, 95 % CI = 1.01–1.07; cycling: OR = 1.03, 95 % CI = 1.01–1.05). Discussion: This study showed a novel approach to examine built environmental exposure during active transport to school. Most of the results of the study suggest that children avoid to walk or cycle along busy roads on their way to school. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0373-y

Background: The purpose of this study is to increase our understanding of environmental correlates that are associated with route choice during active transportation to school (ATS) by comparing characteristics of actual walking and cycling routes between home and school with the shortest possible route to school. Methods: Children (n = 184; 86 boys, 98 girls; age range: 8–12 years) from seven schools in suburban municipalities in the Netherlands participated in the study. Actual walking and cycling routes to school were measured with a GPS-device that children wore during an entire school week. Measurements were conducted in the period April–June 2014. Route characteristics for both actual and shortest routes between home and school were determined for a buffer of 25 m from the routes and divided into four categories: Land use (residential, commercial, recreational, traffic areas), Aesthetics (presence of greenery/natural water ways along route), Traffic (safety measures such as traffic lights, zebra crossings, speed bumps) and Type of street (pedestrian, cycling, residential streets, arterial roads). Comparison of characteristics of shortest and actual routes was performed with conditional logistic regression models. Results: Median distance of the actual walking routes was 390.1 m, whereas median distance of actual cycling routes was 673.9 m. Actual walking and cycling routes were not significantly longer than the shortest possible routes. Children mainly traveled through residential areas on their way to school (>80 % of the route). Traffic lights were found to be positively associated with route choice during ATS. Zebra crossings were less often present along the actual routes (walking: OR = 0.17, 95 % CI = 0.05–0.58; cycling: OR = 0.31, 95 % CI = 0.14–0.67), and streets with a high occurrence of accidents were less often used during cycling to school (OR = 0.57, 95 % CI = 0.43–0.76). Moreover, percentage of visible surface water along the actual route was higher compared to the shortest routes (walking: OR = 1.04, 95 % CI = 1.01–1.07; cycling: OR = 1.03, 95 % CI = 1.01–1.05). Discussion: This study showed a novel approach to examine built environmental exposure during active transport to school. Most of the results of the study suggest that children avoid to walk or cycle along busy roads on their way to school. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0373-y

Dementie wordt een steeds groter en kostbaarder probleem door de vergrijzing. Wetenschappers zijn naarstig op zoek naar mogelijkheden om het tij te keren. Zo ook dr.ir. Ondine van de Rest, onderzoeker aan Wageningen University. Haar onderzoek is gericht op de rol van voeding bij leeftijdsgerelateerde cognitieve achteruitgang. Samen met prof. dr.Lisette de Groot, hoogleraar voeding voor de oudere mens aan Wageningen Universiteit, en Prof. Dr. Luc van Loon, hoogleraar fysiologie van inspanning aan Maastricht Universiteit, voerde ze binnen het Top Instituut Food and Nutrition (TIFN) een interventiestudie uit bij ouderen naar het effect van eiwitsuppletie en beweging op de cognitie.

Background Physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) are inversely associated with the clustering of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (RF) associated with the metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the role of individual components of PA, that is, intensity, duration and volume, and the inter-relationship with PF in the prevention of the MS and its individual components remains elusive. Design Cross-sectional analysis. Methods The study was based on 1298 (874 male and 424 female) police employees (aged 18-62 years) who participated in the Utrecht Police Lifestyle Intervention Fitness and Training study. PA was assessed with an extensive questionnaire. Peak oxygen uptake and metabolic markers, including blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and waist circumference, were determined. Results The prevalence of the MS was 18.6% (22.5% in men, 10.6% in women). After adjustment for age and sex, average PA intensity, PA duration, PA volume and PF were each associated with reduced odds of MS. Regression analyses further showed an inverse relation between total CVD risk score and average PA intensity, the hours of PA performed at high intensity (>6 metabolic equivalent values) and PF, but no relation with total hours or the hours of PA performed at low or moderate intensity. When we adjusted our analyses for PF, the relations with the components of PA became nonsignificant. Using pathway analysis, we found that peak oxygen uptake mediated 78% of the effect of average PA intensity and 93% of the effect of the hours performed at high intensity on total CVD risk score. Conclusion PA and PF are inversely associated with the clustering of metabolic abnormalities. With regard to PA, it seems that intensity and more specifically higher intensity is the main characteristic of PA determining its effect on CVD RF. However, compared with PA, PF exerts greater effects on each of these individual CVD RF and its combination. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 16:677-683

In de beroepsprofielen van veel van de paramedische beroepsgroepen worden de termen ‘methodisch handelen’ en ‘klinisch redeneren’ gehanteerd. Hoe zetten (andere) paramedische beroepen zich in om hiermee te komen tot kwalitatief goede zorg?

In de beroepsprofielen van veel van de paramedische beroepsgroepen worden de termen ‘methodisch handelen’ en ‘klinisch redeneren’ gehanteerd. Hoe zetten (andere) paramedische beroepen zich in om hiermee te komen tot kwalitatief goede zorg?

Vis moet zwemmen, is het adagiumvan visfysioloog Arjan Palstra, maar kweekvissen doen dat te weinig. Dus dwingt hij ze in zijn lab in Yerseke. Ze knappen ervan op en –belangrijk voor de kwekers – ze groeien harder.

BACKGROUND: The worldwide increase in the rates of childhood overweight and physical inactivity requires successful prevention and intervention programs for children. The aim of the Active Living project is to increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behavior of Dutch primary school children by developing and implementing tailored, multicomponent interventions at and around schools. METHODS/DESIGN: In this project, school-centered interventions have been developed at 10 schools in the south of the Netherlands, using a combined top-down and bottom-up approach in which a research unit and a practice unit continuously interact. The interventions consist of a combination of physical and social interventions tailored to local needs of intervention schools. The process and short- and long-term effectiveness of the interventions will be evaluated using a quasi-experimental study design in which 10 intervention schools are matched with 10 control schools. Baseline and follow-up measurements (after 12 and 24 months) have been conducted in grades 6 and 7 and included accelerometry, GPS, and questionnaires. Primary outcome of the Active Living study is the change in physical activity levels, i.e. sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and counts-per-minute (CPM). Multilevel regression analyses will be used to assess the effectiveness of isolated and combined physical and social interventions on children's PA levels. DISCUSSION: The current intervention study is unique in its combined approach of physical and social environmental PA interventions both at school(yard)s as well as in the local neighborhood around the schools. The strength of the study lies in the quasi-experimental design including objective measurement techniques, i.e. accelerometry and GPS, combined with more subjective techniques, i.e. questionnaires, implementation logbooks, and neighborhood observations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN25497687 (registration date 21/10/2015), METC 12-4-077, Project number 200130003.

In de afgelopen 15 jaar is een sterke groei te zien van het aantal Nederlanders dat voldoende beweegt volgens de beweegnorm , van ruim de helft naar bijna driekwart van de volwassen bevolking. Groepen die achterblijven op beweeggebied zijn enerzijds kinderen en jongeren, voor wie een strengere beweegnorm geldt, en anderzijds chronisch zieken en ouderen als het gaat om intensief bewegen (fitnorm ). De medische kosten van een aantal ziekten (zoals diabetes en hart- en vaatziekten) als gevolg van onvoldoende beweging worden voor 2014 berekend op 471 miljoen euro per jaar. Bij de laatste meting is voor het eerst ook depressie meegenomen in de berekening. Inclusief depressie worden de medische kosten als gevolg van onvoldoende beweging berekend op 793 miljoen euro per jaar. Verder is het aantal sportblessures is in de laatste jaren sterk toegenomen. Vooral jeugdige sporters raken vaker geblesseerd. In het trendrapport wordt een mogelijke verklaring gezocht in afnemende fitheid. Ook de volwassen sporters lopen meer sportblessures op. Deels komt dit doordat Nederlanders meer zijn gaan sporten, maar ook de kans op een blessure is toegenomen. De jaarlijkse directe medische kosten ten gevolge van sportblessures worden in 2014 geschat op 530 miljoen euro per jaar.

Vis moet zwemmen, is het adagiumvan visfysioloog Arjan Palstra, maar kweekvissen doen dat te weinig. Dus dwingt hij ze in zijn lab in Yerseke. Ze knappen ervan op en –belangrijk voor de kwekers – ze groeien harder.

In de afgelopen 15 jaar is een sterke groei te zien van het aantal Nederlanders dat voldoende beweegt volgens de beweegnorm , van ruim de helft naar bijna driekwart van de volwassen bevolking. Groepen die achterblijven op beweeggebied zijn enerzijds kinderen en jongeren, voor wie een strengere beweegnorm geldt, en anderzijds chronisch zieken en ouderen als het gaat om intensief bewegen (fitnorm ). De medische kosten van een aantal ziekten (zoals diabetes en hart- en vaatziekten) als gevolg van onvoldoende beweging worden voor 2014 berekend op 471 miljoen euro per jaar. Bij de laatste meting is voor het eerst ook depressie meegenomen in de berekening. Inclusief depressie worden de medische kosten als gevolg van onvoldoende beweging berekend op 793 miljoen euro per jaar. Verder is het aantal sportblessures is in de laatste jaren sterk toegenomen. Vooral jeugdige sporters raken vaker geblesseerd. In het trendrapport wordt een mogelijke verklaring gezocht in afnemende fitheid. Ook de volwassen sporters lopen meer sportblessures op. Deels komt dit doordat Nederlanders meer zijn gaan sporten, maar ook de kans op een blessure is toegenomen. De jaarlijkse directe medische kosten ten gevolge van sportblessures worden in 2014 geschat op 530 miljoen euro per jaar.

IntroductionPhysical activity (PA) is important for healthy ageing. Better insight into objectively measured PA levels in older adults is needed, since most previous studies employed self-report measures for PA assessment, which are associated with overestimation of PA.AimThis study aimed to provide insight in objectively measured indoor and outdoor PA of older adults, and in PA differences by frailty levels.MethodsData were collected among non-frail (N = 74) and frail (N = 10) subjects, aged 65 to 89 years. PA, measured for seven days with accelerometers and GPS-devices, was categorized into three levels of intensity (sedentary, light, and moderate-to-vigorous PA).ResultsOlder adults spent most time in sedentary and light PA. Subjects spent 84.7%, 15.1% and 0.2% per day in sedentary, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA respectively. On average, older adults spent 9.8 (SD 23.7) minutes per week in moderate-to-vigorous activity, and 747.0 (SD 389.6) minutes per week in light activity. None of the subjects met the WHO recommendations of 150 weekly minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA. Age-, sex- and health status-adjusted results revealed no differences in PA between non-frail and frail older adults. Subjects spent significantly more sedentary time at home, than not at home. Non-frail subjects spent significantly more time not at home during moderate-to-vigorous activities, than at home.ConclusionsObjective assessment of PA in older adults revealed that most PA was of light intensity, and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA was very low. None of the older adults met the World Health Organization recommendations for PA. These levels of MVPA are much lower than generally reported based on self-reported PA. Future studies should employ objective methods, and age specific thresholds for healthy PA levels in older adults are needed. These results emphasize the need for effective strategies for healthy PA levels for the growing proportion of older adults.

Dit artikel is het eerste van een reeks van vier artikelen waarin een overzicht wordt gegeven van de beschikbaarheid en effectiviteit van primaire preventie-eerstelijnsleefstijlinterventies die toepasbaar zijn in de bedrijfsgezondheidszorg. Dit artikel gaat in op het leefstijlthema "bewegen". Op basis van literatuuronderzoek is geconcludeerd dat bewegingsstimuleringsinterventies een positief effect hebben op een aantal gezondheidsgerelateerde variabelen, zoals de mate van lichamelijke activiteit, het aëroob uithoudingsvermogen en het percentage lichaamsvet. Indien het programma tevens gericht is op het bewegingsapparaat, leidt het over het algemeen tot een vermindering van klachten aan het bewegingsapparaat. Voor het effect of werkgerelateerde variabelen, zoals bijv. ziekteverzuim, ontbreekt een bewijs mede vanwege gebrek aan onderzoeken met een goede onderzoeksopzet. Op basis van gesprekken met veldpartijen bleek dat interventies ter stimulering van bewegen weliswaar ontwikkeld en ingezet worden, maar dat deze niet structureel geëvalueerd worden. Arbodiensten zetten bewegen niet of nauwelijks in t.b.v. primaire preventie. Bij het realiseren van de intentie van de NVAB om leefstijlinterventies vaker in te laten zetten door de bedrijfsarts, dient dit beleidsdoel dan ook goed gecommuniceerd te worden met bedrijfsartsen.

In dit artikel worden de resultaten beschreven van een gecontroleerd interventieonderzoek naar het effect van de invoering van metselmethoden waarbij op hoogte wordt gewerkt, op de lichamelijke belasting, op klachten aan het bewegingsapparaat, op het ziekteverzuim en op de arbeidstevredenheid van metselaars. Uit deze resultaten blijkt dat het invoeren van hulpmiddelen om opgehoogd te kunnen metselen, leidt tot tevreden gebruikers en verminderde belasting van de rug en, hoewel in mindere mate, ook van de schouders en armen. Door inzet van de hulpmiddelen wordt niet 60% maar 40% van de werktijd met een gebogen romp gewerkt. Het invoeren van de hulpmiddelen heeft weinig effect op het aantal keer tillen, wel wordt het biomechanisch moment verlaagd. Er is geen reductie van klachten door inzet van de hulpmiddelen aangetoond. Wel lijkt het ziekteverzuim te zijn gedaald. De resultaten laten ook zien dat het merendeel van de metselaars een groot voorstander van gebruik van de hulpmiddelen is. Op grond van deze resultaten wordt aanbevolen het op hoogte metselen verder in te voeren in de bouw.

Background Active transport to school is associated with higher levels of physical activity in children. Promotion of active transport has therefore gained attention as a potential target to increase children’s physical activity levels. Recent studies have recognized that the distance between home and school is an important predictor for active travel among children. These studies did not yet use the promising global positioning system (GPS) methods to objectively assess active transport. This study aims to explore active transport to school in relation to the distance between home and school among a sample of Dutch elementary school children, using GPS. Methods Seventy-nine children, aged 6-11 years, were recruited in six schools that were located in five cities in the Netherlands. All children were asked to wear a GPS receiver for one week. All measurements were conducted between December 2008 and April 2009. Based on GPS recordings, the distance of the trips between home and school were calculated. In addition, the mode of transport (i.e., walking, cycling, motorized transport) was determined using the average and maximum speed of the GPS tracks. Then, proportion of walking and cycling trips to school was determined in relation to the distance between home and school. Results Out of all school trips that were recorded (n = 812), 79.2% were classified as active transport. On average, active commuting trips were of a distance of 422 meters with an average speed of 5.2 km/hour. The proportion of walking trips declined significantly at increased school trip distance, whereas the proportion of cycling trips (β = 1.23, p Conclusions In the current research setting, active transport between home and school was the most frequently used mode of travel. Increasing distance seems to be associated with higher levels of passive transport. These results are relevant for those involved in decisions on where to site schools and residences, as it may affect healthy behavior among children.

Dementie wordt een steeds groter en kostbaarder probleem door de vergrijzing. Wetenschappers zijn naarstig op zoek naar mogelijkheden om het tij te keren. Zo ook dr.ir. Ondine van de Rest, onderzoeker aan Wageningen University. Haar onderzoek is gericht op de rol van voeding bij leeftijdsgerelateerde cognitieve achteruitgang. Samen met prof. dr.Lisette de Groot, hoogleraar voeding voor de oudere mens aan Wageningen Universiteit, en Prof. Dr. Luc van Loon, hoogleraar fysiologie van inspanning aan Maastricht Universiteit, voerde ze binnen het Top Instituut Food and Nutrition (TIFN) een interventiestudie uit bij ouderen naar het effect van eiwitsuppletie en beweging op de cognitie.

Upon acute exercise skeletal muscle is immediately and heavily recruited, while other organs appear to play only a minor role during exercise. These other organs show significant changes and improvements in function, although they are not directly targeted by exercise. These improvements suggest that skeletal muscle can communicate with other organs. In the past fifteen years it became clear that skeletal muscle produces and secretes a variety of signalling proteins that are able to interact and communicate with other organs. These signalling proteins are called myokines and are likely the link between exercising muscle and the rest of the body. The aim of the research presented this thesis is to study the signalling role of skeletal muscle during exercise and to gain further insight in the local molecular changes in skeletal muscle induced by exercise. In the first part of this thesis the focus was on the local changes induced in skeletal muscle by acute exercise and exercise training. The aim was to gain more insight in the molecular basis of exercise-induced changes in skeletal muscle. First we performed a microarray analysis on human muscle biopsies taken from endurance, resistance and combined exercise training interventions. We showed that despite a substantial overlap between the three exercise training types, each of the exercise training types had an unique gene expression print. The gene expression print found in combined exercise training lacked some specific oxidative and PPAR related components compared to the gene expression print found in endurance exercise training. For acute exercise microarray analysis was performed on muscle biopsies taken before and after an one-legged cycling intervention from resting and exercising skeletal muscle. Results showed that acute exercise induced large gene expression changes in active skeletal muscle. Furthermore, results showed that acute exercise also induced gene expression changes in resting skeletal muscle and that these changes were likely systemically induced via free fatty acids. In the second part of this thesis the focus was on the signalling role of skeletal muscle during exercise. Secretome analysis was performed on the microarrays of the muscle biopsies taken before and after the one-legged cycling intervention. This secretome analysis resulted in a list of putative myokines of which a selection was measured in the plasma. These plasma measurements showed that CCL2 (MCP-1) and CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) increased plasma levels during acute exercise. The findings of the one-legged cycling study furthermore showed that Angptl4 mRNA levels were higher in the resting leg compared to the exercising leg. Follow-up studies using cell culture and mice models revealed that Angptl4 levels were increased in the resting leg via free fatty acids that activated PPARs. In the exercising leg the increased Angptl4 levels were inhibited via AMPK activation. This resulted in an influx of triglyceride derived fatty acids in the exercising, but not in the resting skeletal muscle. In conclusion, we showed that exercise not only elicits molecular changes in active or trained skeletal muscle, but also in non-active organs such as resting skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we were able to identify several myokines produced by skeletal muscle during exercise, of which CCL2, CX3CL1 and Angptl4 were the most promising. CCL2, CX3CL1 and Angptl4 all increased plasma levels during acute exercise. It remains unclear what the systemic role is of these myokines. For Angptl4 we were able to provide more insight in the mechanism and local functioning during exercise. We concluded that Angptl4 is important in the substrate distribution during exercise. From the results presented this thesis we conclude that skeletal muscle has an important signalling role during exercise, but that it remains unclear how important this signalling role is systemically.

Actief transport (zoals lopen of fietsen) kan een belangrijke bijdrage leveren aan de dagelijkse lichaamsbeweging. De beschikbaarheid van een auto van de zaak maakt de keuze voor de auto makkelijker. De gegevens voor deze studie zijn afkomstig uit de enquête Ongevallen en Bewegen in Nederland. Van juli tot september 2011 hebben 1404 personen via internet de voor dit onderzoek relevante vragen omtrent autobezit, de beschikbaarheid van een auto van de zaak en toestemming voor privégebruik volledig beantwoord. Hoofdgebruikers van een auto van de zaak halen minder vaak de combinorm (37%) dan hoofdgebruikers van een privéauto (54%), niet-hoofdgebruikers van een auto van de zaak (52%, niet significant), niet-hoofdgebruikers van een privéauto (54%), hoofdgebruikers van een privéauto met tevens een auto van de zaak in het huishouden (56%) en respondenten zonder auto (52%). Geconcludeerd wordt dat hoofdgebruikers van een auto van de zaak een risicogroep vormen voor bewegingsarmoede. Aanbevolen wordt werknemers en werkgevers te attenderen op dit risico, adviezen te geven over voldoende lichaamsbeweging - waaronder actieve vervoersmogelijkheden - en bedrijfsvervoerplannen te ontwikkelen en toe te passen die actief transport stimuleren.

Upon acute exercise skeletal muscle is immediately and heavily recruited, while other organs appear to play only a minor role during exercise. These other organs show significant changes and improvements in function, although they are not directly targeted by exercise. These improvements suggest that skeletal muscle can communicate with other organs. In the past fifteen years it became clear that skeletal muscle produces and secretes a variety of signalling proteins that are able to interact and communicate with other organs. These signalling proteins are called myokines and are likely the link between exercising muscle and the rest of the body. The aim of the research presented this thesis is to study the signalling role of skeletal muscle during exercise and to gain further insight in the local molecular changes in skeletal muscle induced by exercise. In the first part of this thesis the focus was on the local changes induced in skeletal muscle by acute exercise and exercise training. The aim was to gain more insight in the molecular basis of exercise-induced changes in skeletal muscle. First we performed a microarray analysis on human muscle biopsies taken from endurance, resistance and combined exercise training interventions. We showed that despite a substantial overlap between the three exercise training types, each of the exercise training types had an unique gene expression print. The gene expression print found in combined exercise training lacked some specific oxidative and PPAR related components compared to the gene expression print found in endurance exercise training. For acute exercise microarray analysis was performed on muscle biopsies taken before and after an one-legged cycling intervention from resting and exercising skeletal muscle. Results showed that acute exercise induced large gene expression changes in active skeletal muscle. Furthermore, results showed that acute exercise also induced gene expression changes in resting skeletal muscle and that these changes were likely systemically induced via free fatty acids. In the second part of this thesis the focus was on the signalling role of skeletal muscle during exercise. Secretome analysis was performed on the microarrays of the muscle biopsies taken before and after the one-legged cycling intervention. This secretome analysis resulted in a list of putative myokines of which a selection was measured in the plasma. These plasma measurements showed that CCL2 (MCP-1) and CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) increased plasma levels during acute exercise. The findings of the one-legged cycling study furthermore showed that Angptl4 mRNA levels were higher in the resting leg compared to the exercising leg. Follow-up studies using cell culture and mice models revealed that Angptl4 levels were increased in the resting leg via free fatty acids that activated PPARs. In the exercising leg the increased Angptl4 levels were inhibited via AMPK activation. This resulted in an influx of triglyceride derived fatty acids in the exercising, but not in the resting skeletal muscle. In conclusion, we showed that exercise not only elicits molecular changes in active or trained skeletal muscle, but also in non-active organs such as resting skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we were able to identify several myokines produced by skeletal muscle during exercise, of which CCL2, CX3CL1 and Angptl4 were the most promising. CCL2, CX3CL1 and Angptl4 all increased plasma levels during acute exercise. It remains unclear what the systemic role is of these myokines. For Angptl4 we were able to provide more insight in the mechanism and local functioning during exercise. We concluded that Angptl4 is important in the substrate distribution during exercise. From the results presented this thesis we conclude that skeletal muscle has an important signalling role during exercise, but that it remains unclear how important this signalling role is systemically.

Actief transport (zoals lopen of fietsen) kan een belangrijke bijdrage leveren aan de dagelijkse lichaamsbeweging. De beschikbaarheid van een auto van de zaak maakt de keuze voor de auto makkelijker. De gegevens voor deze studie zijn afkomstig uit de enquête Ongevallen en Bewegen in Nederland. Van juli tot september 2011 hebben 1404 personen via internet de voor dit onderzoek relevante vragen omtrent autobezit, de beschikbaarheid van een auto van de zaak en toestemming voor privégebruik volledig beantwoord. Hoofdgebruikers van een auto van de zaak halen minder vaak de combinorm (37%) dan hoofdgebruikers van een privéauto (54%), niet-hoofdgebruikers van een auto van de zaak (52%, niet significant), niet-hoofdgebruikers van een privéauto (54%), hoofdgebruikers van een privéauto met tevens een auto van de zaak in het huishouden (56%) en respondenten zonder auto (52%). Geconcludeerd wordt dat hoofdgebruikers van een auto van de zaak een risicogroep vormen voor bewegingsarmoede. Aanbevolen wordt werknemers en werkgevers te attenderen op dit risico, adviezen te geven over voldoende lichaamsbeweging - waaronder actieve vervoersmogelijkheden - en bedrijfsvervoerplannen te ontwikkelen en toe te passen die actief transport stimuleren.

Seated work has been shown to constitute a risk factor for low-back pain. This is attributed to the prolonged and monotonous low-level mechanical load imposed by a seated posture. To evaluate the potential health effects with respect to the low back of office chairs with a movable seat and back rest, trunk kinematics, erector spinae EMG, spinal shrinkage and local discomfort were assessed in 10 subjects performing simulated office work. On three separate occasions subjects performed a 3 h task consisting of word processing, computer-aided design and reading. Three chairs were used, one with a fixed seat and back rest and two dynamic chairs, one with a seat and back rest movable in a fixed ratio with respect to each other, and one with a freely movable seat and back rest. Spinal shrinkage measurements showed a larger stature gain when working on the two dynamic chairs as compared with working on the chair with fixed seat and back rest. Trunk kinematics and erector spinae EMG were strongly affected by the task performed but not by the chair type. The results imply that dynamic office chairs offer a potential advantage over fixed chairs, but the effects of the task on the indicators of trunk load investigated were more pronounced than the effects of the chair.

Is zwangerschapsgym goed voor koeien? Wageningen UR Livestock Research liet droge koeien rondstappen in een tredmolen om die vraag te beantwoorden. Uit de eerste resultaten van het onderzoek blijkt dat extra beweging in de droogstand zorgt voor actievere en gezondere verse koeien.

Beweeg Wijs heeft tot doel bewegingsarmoede tegen te gaan en de psychosociale ontwikkeling van kinderen te bevorderen vóór, tijdens en na schooltijd. Het onderzoek wordt beschreven naar de werkzaamheid van Beweeg Wijs. In dit onderzoek hebben Beweeg Wijs basisscholen vragenlijsten opgestuurd gekregen om hun mening te geven over Beweeg Wijs. In dit artikel wordt het onderzoek beschreven en de resultaten gepresenteerd.

ispartof: Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde vol:69 issue:21 pages:1016-1018 status: published

Lekker lang gezond blijven, dat willen we allemaal wel. Psychologie Magazine zocht uit welke leefregels meteen effect hebben, en ook hoe je die makkelijk inbouwt in je leven. De allerbeste adviezen van 14 prominente Nederlandse gezondheidsexperts.

Beweeg Wijs heeft tot doel bewegingsarmoede tegen te gaan en de psychosociale ontwikkeling van kinderen te bevorderen vóór, tijdens en na schooltijd. Het onderzoek wordt beschreven naar de werkzaamheid van Beweeg Wijs. In dit onderzoek hebben Beweeg Wijs basisscholen vragenlijsten opgestuurd gekregen om hun mening te geven over Beweeg Wijs. In dit artikel wordt het onderzoek beschreven en de resultaten gepresenteerd.

Background: The world population is aging rapidly. This growth of the aging population is accompanied by an increased number of frail elderly people who are at risk of adverse health outcomes such as disability, co-morbidity and mortality. A dominant feature of frailty is the age related loss of muscle mass, strength and performance, also called sarcopenia. Resistance-type exercise training and dietary protein supplementation are considered promising strategies to reverse sarcopenia and subsequent frailty. However, strong evidence for the impact of protein supplementation with or without resistance exercise in frail elderly people is scarce. Well-designed intervention studies in frail elderly people are needed to define new leads for the development of nutritional and exercise interventions to effectively prevent or treat the progressive loss of muscle mass, strength and physical performance with aging. Therefore, the aims of this thesis are to study 1) the impact of protein supplementation and 2) the impact of protein supplementation during prolonged resistance-type exercise training on muscle mass, strength and physical performance in frail elderly people. Methods: First, we studied various characteristics of dietary protein intake, including the distribution of dietary protein intake throughout the day, and the use of protein-containing food sources in various elderly populations. With this knowledge, we designed two large intervention trials to study the impact of dietary protein supplementation with or without prolonged resistance-type exercise training on muscle mass, strength and physical performance in frail elderly people. In addition, we assessed the usefulness of handgrip strength as a measure of post exercise strength differences and studied the association of vitamin D status and vitamin D intake on muscle mass, strength and physical performance in a frail elderly population. Results: Dietary protein intake in frail and institutionalized elderly people were especially low at breakfast and lunch. Supplementing protein at breakfast and lunch did not increase muscle mass but improved physical performance in frail elderly people. Resistance-type exercise training improved muscle leg strength and physical performance, but not handgrip strength. Supplementing protein at breakfast and lunch was required to significantly increase muscle mass during prolonged resistance-type exercise training in frail elderly people. Furthermore, low vitamin D status and vitamin D intake were associated with impaired physical performance. Conclusions: Although dietary protein supplementation does not increase muscle mass, it represents a promising strategy to improve physical performance in frail elderly people. Prolonged resistance-type exercise training represents an effective strategy to improve strength and physical performance, but dietary protein supplementation is required to allow muscle mass gain during exercise training in frail elderly people.

Background: The world population is aging rapidly. This growth of the aging population is accompanied by an increased number of frail elderly people who are at risk of adverse health outcomes such as disability, co-morbidity and mortality. A dominant feature of frailty is the age related loss of muscle mass, strength and performance, also called sarcopenia. Resistance-type exercise training and dietary protein supplementation are considered promising strategies to reverse sarcopenia and subsequent frailty. However, strong evidence for the impact of protein supplementation with or without resistance exercise in frail elderly people is scarce. Well-designed intervention studies in frail elderly people are needed to define new leads for the development of nutritional and exercise interventions to effectively prevent or treat the progressive loss of muscle mass, strength and physical performance with aging. Therefore, the aims of this thesis are to study 1) the impact of protein supplementation and 2) the impact of protein supplementation during prolonged resistance-type exercise training on muscle mass, strength and physical performance in frail elderly people. Methods: First, we studied various characteristics of dietary protein intake, including the distribution of dietary protein intake throughout the day, and the use of protein-containing food sources in various elderly populations. With this knowledge, we designed two large intervention trials to study the impact of dietary protein supplementation with or without prolonged resistance-type exercise training on muscle mass, strength and physical performance in frail elderly people. In addition, we assessed the usefulness of handgrip strength as a measure of post exercise strength differences and studied the association of vitamin D status and vitamin D intake on muscle mass, strength and physical performance in a frail elderly population. Results: Dietary protein intake in frail and institutionalized elderly people were especially low at breakfast and lunch. Supplementing protein at breakfast and lunch did not increase muscle mass but improved physical performance in frail elderly people. Resistance-type exercise training improved muscle leg strength and physical performance, but not handgrip strength. Supplementing protein at breakfast and lunch was required to significantly increase muscle mass during prolonged resistance-type exercise training in frail elderly people. Furthermore, low vitamin D status and vitamin D intake were associated with impaired physical performance. Conclusions: Although dietary protein supplementation does not increase muscle mass, it represents a promising strategy to improve physical performance in frail elderly people. Prolonged resistance-type exercise training represents an effective strategy to improve strength and physical performance, but dietary protein supplementation is required to allow muscle mass gain during exercise training in frail elderly people.

Dit Trendrapport geeft een overzicht van de meest relevante onderzoeksresultaten op het terrein van bewegen, gezondheid en blessures. Er zijn bijdragen opgenomen van een groot aantal organisaties die op dit onderzoeksterrein actief zijn. De lezer krijgt een breed en actueel beeld van de huidige kennis op dit terrein en de beleidsmatige implicaties daarvan.

s Nederlands Congres Volksgezondheid 2012. Op 11 en 12 april jl. vond het Nederlands Congres Volksgezondheid plaats.

s Nederlands Congres Volksgezondheid 2012. Op 11 en 12 april jl. vond het Nederlands Congres Volksgezondheid plaats.