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Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials possessing a unique sheet structure, compared to correlative bulk materials, exhibit excellent properties, especially in the energy storage and energy conversion ...

As the most commonly used cathode material for thermal batteries, FeS2 has the advantages of low price and abundant resources. However, the preparation of FeS2 by hydrothermal method is complicated, and FeS2 prepared by solid-phase method has a larger particle size. In this study, surface nanoscale FeS2 was synthesized using a milling method, and add nano WS2 with sulfur vacancies (WS2-Vs) to enhance thermal stability and conductivity. The results showed that the thermal decomposition temperature of FeS2 after adding 3% nano WS2-Vs ball milling for 4 h (FeS2@3%WS2-Vs-4h) was 100 °C higher than that of FeS2 ball milling for 4 h (FeS2–4h). In addition, the step-pulse discharge showed that single cell with FeS2@3%WS2-Vs-4h sample as the cathode active material has a lower internal resistance. Therefore, the discharge specific capacity of FeS2@3%WS2-Vs-4h is increased by 10.5% compared to pristine FeS2. The FeS2 doped with nano WS2-Vs retained the small particle size after ball milling, which not only did not excessively reduce the thermal stability, but also effectively improved its electrical conductivity with the increase of the discharge depth during the discharge process, thus achieve the effect of killing two birds with one stone. This work provides a novel cathode additive for thermal battery.

Background：Lymph node metastasis of lung cancer plays an important part in lung cancer diagnosis since its close relationship with patients’ prognosis and subsequent treatment, however, diagnosis of lymph node metastases often was tedious and takes too much time for pathologists. Automatized classification with few-shot learning algorithms is required for clinical situations that only unbalanced and small datasets can be collected. We developed a few-shot learning algorithms for automatized classification of lymphatic metastasis of lung carcinoma from Whole Slide Images (WSIs) through a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN).Material and methods: Lymph node slides of patients with lung cancer collected from July to December 2018 were reviewed and used for model development retrospectively. A total of 1701 lymph node slides from 453 lung cancer patients with different histological types were enrolled. Each slide could provide a different number of patches, in which 6, 8, 10, 20, and 30 positive patches and 12, 16, 20, 40, and 60 negative patches for training and validation, respectively. A total of 1577 WSIs were used. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the model was performed for estimating the performance and compared to the traditional deep learning approach Resnet34.Results: Deep learning methods, when trained with very few shots (6 positive/12 negative, 8 positive/16 negative, and 10 positive/20 negative patches), the traditional deep learning approach Resnet34 was outperformed by our Aitrox model. When the dataset was raised to 20 positive/40 negative patches, similar performance was achieved with AUC 0.5895 (95% CI, 0.5833-0.5910) for Resnet34 and 0.6124 (95% CI, 0.6077-0.6147) for our Aitrox model. Resnet34 over-performed our Aitrox model (AUC=0.6450 [95%CI, 0.6397-0.6470]) with an AUC of 0.7481 (95%CI, 0.7120-0.7485) when the training and validation dataset was raised to 30 positive/60 negative patches.Conclusions: This proposed few-shot method may address AI approaches to the diagnosis of lymphatic metastasis of lung carcinoma and other kinds of carcinoma in the future.

Transition-metal sulfides are key cathode materials for thermal batteries used in military applications. However, it is still a big challenge to prepare sulfides with good electronic conductivity and thermal stability. Herein, we rapidly synthesized a Co-doped NiS

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials possessing a unique sheet structure, compared to correlative bulk materials, exhibit excellent properties, especially in the energy storage and energy conversion field. In this case, NiCl

This work investigated the corrosion resistance of an acceptable composite coating obtained from catecholate-functionalized zinc complex (CFZ). The ion distribution states of catechol and Zn(II) at different pH values were calculated, and the anticorrosion of coatings on carbon steel by means of neutral salt spray test were specifically monitored. CFZ-steel was fabricated using 30 min electrodeposition of CFZ/Na2SO4 media at pH 9 on carbon steel. Lower corrosion degree of CFZ-steel in salt spray during oxidation process meant slight amount of corrosion attack on the steel surface. Also, the growth tendency of corrosion rate was gradually reduced, indicating a nonlinear relationship between corrosion rate and contact time. This indicated electrodeposition of CFZ was not only appropriate for the practical application of composite coatings to corrosion resistance but also a key step for extending the service life of carbon steel.

A nanoforest of black silicon was prepared using a method combining aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) and reactive-ion etching (RIE). During the AIC period, a rough layer, incorporating AlSix intermetallics, was formed. This layer acted as an etch mask for the RIE step. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) measurements were performed to further analyze the formation of black silicon. Compared to Si 3 N 4 and polysilicon, the black silicon exhibits a high degree of infrared absorption for wavelengths of about 3 to 5 μm and 8 to 14 μm, respectively. In addition, black platinum overlaid on the base of black silicon further improves the infrared absorption. This nanostructure forests of black silicon could be incorporated into the fabrication process for gas detectors, photovoltaic devices, and imaging applications to improve the infrared absorption characteristics.

This work highlights the results of a program currently underway to improve the voltage delay of aqueous magnesium (Mg) battery through pulse technique. The effect of current pulse on the electrochemical behavior of AZ31B Mg anode in aqueous solution is investigated using a multi-current step method and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results indicate that the optimal pulse signal is 25 mA cm−2-100 ms and the excellent discharge behavior can be well maintained even at the 10 days immersion time. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the Mg anode are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the elimination of delayed action of the Mg electrode at controlled-pulse condition is to change the surface morphology distribution rather than the chemical composition. Finally, an evolutionary model of the surface film is proposed.

In this paper, a three-gas detection system with a environmental parameter compensation method is proposed based on Non-dispersive infra-red (NDIR) technique, which can be applied to detect multi-gas (methane, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide). In this system, an IR source and four single-channel pyroelectric sensors are integrated in the miniature optical gas chamber successfully. Inner wall of the chamber coated with Au film is designed as paraboloids. The infrared light is reflected twice before reaching to detectors, thus increasing optical path. Besides, a compensation method is presented to overcome the influence in variation of environment (ambient temperature, humidity and pressure), thus leading to improve the accuracy in gas detection. Experimental results demonstrated that detection ranges are 0–50,000 ppm for CH 4 , 0–44,500 ppm for CO, 0–48,000 ppm for CO 2 and the accuracy is ±0.05%.

In this work, a thermopile-based MEMS IR sensor is reported. In the device, a double-layer thermocouple strip structure and thermal-conductive-electrical-isolated structures are adopted thus to reduce the size and to improve performance of the whole device. After being packed into a TO-5 package, the sensor achieves a responsivity of 1151.14 V/W, a detectivity of 4.15 × 108 cm Hz1/2/W, and a response time of 14.46 ms. Besides, in measurements of varied temperatures and vacuum pressures, the thermopile proposed in this work could reach relatively high sensitivities. This indicates that such a device can also function as a temperature sensor and a vacuum sensor. In this way, the applications of thermopiles are broadened.

Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNA molecules involved in regulation of post-translational gene expression. Although aberrant levels of miRNAs have been found in various tumor tissues, their importance in tumor development and the molecular basis of their regulatory role remain unclear. Our bioinformatic analysis on The Cancer Genome Atlas database and microarray-based comparison of miRNA in different cell lines revealed that the level of mir-1287 is suppressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. When upregulated, mir-1287 can reduce the tumorigenesis phenotypes of HCC cells in several in vitro models. We further found that mir-1287 directly targets messenger RNA encoding PIK3R3, which is a tumor-promoting factor acting in several pathways linked to tumorigenesis. Our study suggests that aberrant suppression of mir-1287 is potentially responsible for the development of HCC, and miRNA-based strategies may be developed for efficient detection and treatment of HCC.

In this work, nanowires with high transparency are presented and utilized for fabricating Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) devices. The fabrication process of the nonowires is lithography-free, micromachining-compatible and very simple, which just consists of PI spin-coating and Ar-plasma bombardment. By sputtering a thin Au layer on the surface, a transparent SERS device is achieved, which can be used for pesticide detection. With such a transparent SERS device, laser incident from both the front side and the back side can stimulate surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and obtain SERS spectra successfully. R6G and paroxypropion are utilized to test the performance of transparent devices. Detection results demonstrate that the transparent SERS device could apply to analytes with large sizes or with features of rapid crystallization.