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Abstract LSD is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. Underlying these effects are changes in brain neuroplasticity. This is the first study to follow the developmental changes in brain structure and function following LSD exposure in periadolescence. We hypothesized LSD given during a time of heightened neuroplasticity, particularly in the forebrain, would affect cognitive and emotional behavior and the associated underlying neuroanatomy and neurocircuitry. Female and male mice were given vehicle, single or multiple treatments of 3.3 µg of LSD by oral gavage starting on postnatal day 51. Between postnatal days 90–120 mice were imaged and tested for cognitive and motor behavior. MRI data from voxel-based morphometry, diffusion weighted imaging, and BOLD resting state functional connectivity were registered to a mouse 3D MRI atlas with 139 brain regions providing site-specific differences in global brain structure and functional connectivity between experimental groups. Motor behavior and cognitive performance were unaffected by periadolescent exposure to LSD. Differences across experimental groups in brain volume for any of the 139 brain areas were few in number and not focused on any specific brain region. Multiple exposures to LSD significantly altered gray matter microarchitecture across much of the brain. These changes were primary associated with the thalamus, sensory and motor cortices, and basal ganglia. The forebrain olfactory system and prefrontal cortex and hindbrain cerebellum and brainstem were unaffected. The functional connectivity between forebrain white matter tracts and sensorimotor cortices and hippocampus was reduced with multidose LSD exposure. Does exposure to LSD in late adolescence have lasting effects on brain development? The bulk of our significant findings were seen through changes is DWI values across 74 brain areas in the multi-dose LSD group. The pronounced changes in indices of anisotropy across much of the brain would suggest altered gray matter microarchitecture and neuroplasticity. There was no evidence of LSD having consequential effects on cognitive or motor behavior when animal were evaluated as young adults 90–120 days of age. Neither were there any differences in the volume of specific brain areas between experimental conditions. The reduction in connectivity in forebrain white matter tracts with multidose LSD and consolidation around sensorimotor and hippocampal brain areas requires a battery of tests to understand the consequences of these changes on behavior.

Abstract Introduction The Appalachia region of North America is known to have significant health disparities, specifically, worse risk factors and outcomes for stroke. Appalachians are more likely to have comorbidities related to stroke, such as diabetes, obesity, and tobacco use, and are often less likely to have stroke interventions, such as mechanical thrombectomy (MT), for emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO). As our Comprehensive Stroke Center directly serves stroke subjects from both Appalachian and non-Appalachian areas, inflammatory proteomic biomarkers were identified associated with stroke outcomes specific to subjects residing in Appalachia. Methods There were 81 subjects that met inclusion criteria for this study. These subjects underwent MT for ELVO, and carotid arterial blood samples acquired at time of intervention were sent for proteomic analysis. Samples were processed in accordance with the Blood And Clot Thrombectomy Registry And Collaboration (BACTRAC; clinicaltrials.gov; NCT 03153683). Statistical analyses were utilized to examine whether relationships between protein expression and outcomes differed by Appalachian status for functional (NIH Stroke Scale; NIHSS and Modified Rankin Score; mRS), and cognitive outcomes (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MoCA). Results No significant differences were found in demographic data or co-morbidities when comparing Appalachian to non-Appalachian subjects. However, time from stroke onset to treatment (last known normal) was significantly longer and edema volume significantly higher in patients from Appalachia. Further, when comparing Appalachian to non-Appalachian subjects, there were significant unadjusted differences in the NIHSS functional outcome. A comprehensive analysis of 184 proteins from Olink proteomic (92 Cardiometabolic and 92 Inflammation panels) showed that the association between protein expression outcomes significantly differed by Appalachian status for seven proteins for the NIHSS, two proteins for the MoCA, and three for the mRS. Conclusion Our study utilizes an ELVO tissue bank and registry to investigate the intracranial/intravascular proteomic environment occurring at the time of thrombectomy. We found that patients presenting from Appalachian areas have different levels of proteomic expression at the time of MT when compared to patients presenting from non-Appalachian areas. These proteins differentially relate to stroke outcome and could be used as prognostic biomarkers, or as targets for novel therapies. The identification of a disparate proteomic response in Appalachian patients provides initial insight to the biological basis for health disparity. Nevertheless, further investigations through community-based studies are imperative to elucidate the underlying causes of this differential response.

Background and purpose: Cardiovascular diseases are the most important diseases of the elderly, and recently the effect of triglyceride glucose (TYG) index as one of the indicators of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease has attracted the attention of researchers. Previous research has shown a link between insulin resistance and coronary artery calcification. Since triglyceride glucose index (TyG) is an index that is easily available, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between triglyceride index and fasting blood sugar and coronary heart disease and diabetes in the elderly of Amirkola. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the elderly participating in the second phase of the Amirkola Health and Aging Cohort Study (AHAP). The elderly were divided into two groups of 200 people, the first group was diabetics with cardiovascular disease and the second group was diabetic elderly without cardiovascular disease. Patient information including age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, coronary artery disease, history of dyslipidemia, medications, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, smoking habits, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, creatinine, physical activity, and HbA1c were collected in a checklist. The TYG index was calculated based on the LN formula [fasting triglycerides (mg/dl) × fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Ultimately, SPSS version 25 software was utilized to describe the data using mean, standard deviation, and percentage. The qualitative variables were compared with the coronary artery disease using the chi-square test, while the quantitative variables were compared using the independent t-test in univariate analysis. Furthermore, the process of adjusting for confounding variables was carried out by using multivariate logistic regression. Results: In this study, 400 diabetic elderly participants were examined based on the relationship between triglyceride glucose index and coronary artery disease. The average age of the elderly with coronary artery disease was 70.46±6.10 and the elderly without coronary artery disease was 70.50±6.49 years. Triglyceride glucose index in diabetic elderly with and without coronary artery disease was 9.3±0.68 and 9.30±0.65, respectively, which was not statistically significant (P=0.92). Mean creatinine (P=0.004), number of comorbidities (P

We detected antibodies to H5 and N1 subtype influenza A viruses in 4/194 (2%) dogs from Washington, USA, that hunted or engaged in hunt tests and training with wild birds. Historical data provided by dog owners showed seropositive dogs had high levels of exposure to waterfowl.

El propósito de este artículo es ensayar, hacer experiencia de conocimiento, a partir de la exposición El origen de las formas (EOF), de Cristina Garrido, comisariada por Tania Pardo en el Museo CA2M, en Móstoles, en verano de 2023. El escrito parte de una descripción del marco contextual que supone concebir esta exposición como estudio de caso, un dispositivo de conocimiento que deconstruye los discursos de los “grandes maestros de la pintura occidental” y coloca en el centro la biografía de la propia artista como parte del binomio para pensar la creación-emoción. Pasa después a especular mediante diversas estancias puestas en juego, la relación con el dispositivo artístico EOF, mediante materiales propios, creados para este artículo de investigación, basados en la práctica artística (ver figuras 1 a 5). Finaliza con una reflexión sobre el uso del lenguaje, su materialidad y espacialidad en EOF. Especulaciones puntuales de Doreen Massey (sobre el espacio-tiempo) y de Arlette Farge (sobre el archivo) servirán para apoyar algunas de las ideas de este estudio.

Abstract Chemical functionalization of diamond surfaces by hydrogen is an important method for controlling the charge state of near‐surface fluorescent color centers, an essential process in fabricating devices such as diamond field‐effect transistors and chemical sensors, and a required first step for realizing families of more complex terminations through subsequent chemical processing. In all these cases, termination is typically achieved using hydrogen plasma sources that can etch or damage the diamond, as well as deposited materials or embedded color centers. This work explores alternative methods for lower‐damage hydrogenation of diamond surfaces, specifically the annealing of diamond samples in high‐purity, non‐explosive mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen gas, and the exposure of samples to microwave hydrogen plasmas in the absence of intentional stage heating. The effectiveness of these methods are characterized by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and comparison of the results to density‐functional modelling of the surface hydrogenation energetics implicates surface oxygen ligands as the primary factor limiting the termination quality of annealed samples. Finally, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is used to verify that both the annealing and reduced sample temperature plasma methods are non‐destructive to near‐surface ensembles of nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers, in stark contrast to plasma treatments that use heated sample stages.

Las caries y las lesiones periapicales son procesos infecciosos crónicos de etiología multifactorial. Ambas patologías proporcionan información pertinente para reconstruir la dieta, los métodos de preparación de alimentos y la higiene bucal de las sociedades pasadas. Este trabajo propone el análisis de lesiones cariogénicas y periapicales en 25 individuos procedentes del sitio La Falda (1441-1635 años AD), con el fin de contribuir a la evaluación del estado de salud oral del conjunto. La prevalencia de caries registrada fue del 21,55% de los dientes que afectaban al 80% de los individuos analizados. Las lesiones periapicales fueron observadas en aproximadamente el 5% de los sacos alveolares, los cuales corresponden al 36% de los individuos analizados. Los molares fueron los más afectados por caries, mientras que los caninos manifestaron mayor presencia de lesiones periapicales. Los individuos femeninos y los adultos medios/mayores mostraron las frecuencias más altas de ambas patologías. La prevalencia de caries indica que los individuos de esta población tenían una dieta rica en carbohidratos, tal como es esperable en sociedades agro-pastoriles. Por otro lado, la baja frecuencia de lesiones periapicales sugiere que la expresión de esta patología no estaría relacionada a las caries, sino con factores que no fueron posibles de identificar. Finalmente, ambas patologías se manifestaron con prevalencias más elevadas en femeninos, por lo que se propone que los individuos de este sexo estaban mayormente expuestos a sufrir enfermedades orales infecciosas, probablemente por un acceso diferencial a los alimentos, factores fisiológicos o una higiene oral más pobre.

Introducción: las enfermedades del corazón son la primera causa de muerte en el mundo tanto en el hombre como en la mujer. La presentación de la cardiopatía isquémica varía dependiendo de múltiples factores, entre ellos el género. Materiales y método: estudio observacional, transversal con componente analítico de todos los pacientes ingresados con síndrome coronario agudo en el Hospital Docente Clínico-Quirúrgico Comandante Manuel Fajardo, entre enero del 2016 y diciembre del 2020. Resultados: el género femenino presentó una mediana de edad de 73 (RIC: 62-80), significativamente superior a la del género masculino, con mayor prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus (n = 353 y n = 143, respectivamente; p < 0.01). Se identificaron la edad, el valor de la creatinina y el síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del ST como factores desencadenantes de complicaciones cardíacas (RR: 1.01; IC 95%: 1.00-1.07; p = 0.03; RR: 1.01; IC 95%: 1.00-1.02; p = 0.01; y RR: 2.77; IC 95%: 1.31-5.87; p = 0.02, respectivamente). Conclusiones: las mujeres con síndrome coronario agudo presentaron una edad superior a la de los hombres, con mayor prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus, mientras las variables predictoras de complicaciones cardiovasculares intrahospitalarias identificadas fueron la edad, el valor de creatinina sérica y el síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del ST.

IntroductionIn 2017, the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene (MoH) of Burkina Faso designed and piloted a specimen transport system using the national courier services (La Poste BF) in 4 districts. Based on satisfactory performance indicators, the MoH set a vision aimed at scaling up this system to strengthen disease detection and surveillance of epidemic prone diseases across the country. This work describes the implementation process, performances, and lessons learned.MethodologyThis work describes the implementation process, performances, and lessons learned. Under the leadership of the Directorate of Population Health Protection within the MoH, a stepwise approach was used to bring together multiple partners across sectors to develop the first needed documents including a guide, an implementation plan, Standard Operating Procedures, and data collection tools. Then, the execution phase included equipment purchase, trainings, and consensus on a financing mechanism. Key indicators were defined to allow performance monitoringResultThe integrated biological specimen referral system (SITEB) was officially launched in January 2020 to transport human biological specimens of priority diseases including COVID-19 from district level to reference laboratories nationwide. As of December 31, 2022, La Poste BF transported 168,856 packages containing 206,314 specimens from all 13 regions. 99.66% of packages were delivered in

Objective To identify the optimal incentive protocol for maximising participation while managing study costs during the Voyage trial.Design Prospective cohort (Voyage trial) of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality outcomes in individuals screened with multitarget stool DNA (mt-sDNA) served as the population. A subset was randomised to receive postage stamps as a pre-consent incentive, or as a post-consent incentive after completion of the consent and questionnaire. Descriptive statistics from year 1 are reported.Results During year 1 of the Voyage trial, a total of 600 258 individuals with mt-sDNA orders received at Exact Sciences Laboratories were randomly selected and invited to participate. Of those, 26 429 (4.4%) opted in, 14 365 of whom (54.3%) consented. The opt-in and consent samples were similar to the target population with respect to sex but differed by geographic residence and age (p

There is a lack of consensus on how many and which are the Brazilian gold provinces and districts, and what are their limits or configurations. As an effort of the Geological Survey of Brazil to standardize this subject, we present a compilation of the Brazilian gold-bearing metallogenic/mineral provinces and districts, including those containing polymetallic gold-bearing deposits, and a digital file (shape file) with the design of their respective limits. Because many areas have classic definitions, and even though some of them do not meet the appropriate requirement for a strict definition, their classic names are maintained. However, we strongly suggest that the use of the term metallogenic (province, district), in a broader geotectonic sense, should be preferable in relation to mineral (province, district), which is more generic.

Summary: Human genetic studies of critical COVID-19 pneumonia have revealed the essential role of type I interferon-dependent innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conversely, an association between the HLA-B∗15:01 allele and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated individuals was recently reported, suggesting a contribution of pre-existing T cell-dependent adaptive immunity. We report a lack of association of classical HLA alleles, including HLA-B∗15:01, with pre-omicron asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated participants in a prospective population-based study in the United States (191 asymptomatic vs. 945 symptomatic COVID-19 cases). Moreover, we found no such association in the international COVID Human Genetic Effort cohort (206 asymptomatic vs. 574 mild or moderate COVID-19 cases and 1,625 severe or critical COVID-19 cases). Finally, in the Human Challenge Characterisation study, the three HLA-B∗15:01 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 developed symptoms. As with other acute primary infections studied, no classical HLA alleles favoring an asymptomatic course of SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified.

Abstract Background Spinal cord tumors present a challenge in diagnosis and treatment due to their varied histopathological characteristics. While Ewing sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor typically originating from skeletal bone, cases of primary intradural extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma are exceptionally rare. The similarity of its presentation to other spinal tumors further complicates its identification and management. Case presentation We report a case of a 58-year-old Palestinian male with intradural extraskeletal lumbar Ewing sarcoma. The patient initially presented with lower back pain and bilateral S1 radiculopathy, with more severe symptoms on the left side. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 7 cm oval-shaped mass with homogeneous contrast enhancement, obstructing the spinal canal from L3/L4 to L5/S1 levels. Initially, a myxopapillary ependymoma was suspected, but the patient’s sensory and motor functions suddenly deteriorated during hospitalization. Repeat magnetic resonance imaging indicated heterogeneous contrast enhancement, indicating acute intratumoral hemorrhage. Consequently, the patient underwent emergent L3–L5 laminotomy, with successful gross total resection of the tumor. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of intradural extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma. Adjuvant therapy was administered to minimize the risk of local recurrence or distant metastasis. A systematic review of relevant literature, along with retrospective analysis of medical records, operative reports, radiological studies, and histopathological findings of similar cases, was also conducted. Conclusions Intradural extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma is an infrequently encountered condition in adult patients, emphasizing the importance of considering it in the differential diagnosis of spinal tumors. Surgeons must possess a comprehensive understanding of this rare entity to ensure accurate staging and optimal management, particularly in the early stages when prompt intervention may improve prognosis.

Abstract Background There are various recommendations for third-line treatment in mCRC, however, there is no consensus on who is more suitable for particular strategy. Chemotherapy re-use in third-line setting is a common option in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of third-line chemotherapy re-use by the comparison with that of anti-angiogenic monotherapy, and further find the population more suitable for third-line chemotherapy. Methods Using electronic medical records of patients with mCRC, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 143 patients receiving chemotherapy and 40 patients receiving anti-angiogenic monotherapy in third-line setting as control group were retrospectively collected. Baseline characteristics were analyzed using the χ² test or the Fisher’s exact test. ROC curve and surv_cutpoint function of ‘survminer’ package in R software were used to calculate the cut-off value. Survival curves were plotted with the Kaplan-Meier method and were compared using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the potential risk factors. Results A total of 143 patients receiving chemotherapy and 40 patients receiving anti-angiogenic monotherapy in third-line setting were retrospectively collected. Chemotherapy rechallenge was recorded in 93 patients (93/143, 65.0%), and the remaining patients chose new chemotherapeutic drugs that had not been previously used, including irinotecan-based (22/50), oxaliplatin-based (9/50), raltitrexed (9/50), gemcitabine (5/50) and other agents (5/50). The ORR and DCR of third-line chemotherapy reached 8.8%, 61.3%, respectively (anti-angiogenic monotherapy group: ORR 2.6%, DCR 47.4%). The mPFS and mOS of patients receiving chemotherapy were 4.9 and 12.0 m, respectively (anti-angiogenic monotherapy group: mPFS 2.7 m, mOS 5.2 m). Subgroup analyses found that patients with RAS/RAF mutation, longer PFS (greater than 10.6 m) in front-line treatment or larger tumor burden had better prognosis with third-line chemotherapy rather than anti-angiogenic monotherapy. Conclusions Third-line chemotherapy re-use was effective in mCRC. Those with more aggressive characteristics (RAS/RAF mutant, larger tumor burden) or better efficacy of previous chemotherapy (longer PFS) were more appropriate for third-line chemotherapy, rather than anti-angiogenic monotherapy.

Many organizations are developing connected worker and digital twin solutions in mixed reality as a means to quickly train new hires while simultaneously developing assistive deep learning models for quality-control mechanisms through internal documentation, diagrams, and 3D models. However, the transformation of real-life assets and processes into digital twin counterparts is a multi-step, intensive undertaking, requiring significant domain expertise and technical know-how. Therefore, we explore the architectural and technical components required to transform the most critical assets into a digital twin that yields immediate business value. Specifically, we explore the creation of digitalization architectures with re-usable components for training not only new hires but also deep neural network-based computer vision models. In this work, we present an action research case study guided by the Project Management Body of Knowledge framework. This case study was conducted in coordination with TechnipFMC, a global leader oil and gas company, on the digitalization efforts to transition into their industrial metaverse. We developed multiple architectures to bring assembly practices into a mixed reality training solution usable by trainees and editable by domain experts in real time. Further, we generate synthetic data from the same mixed reality training environments to train object detection models on industrial components and find that the photorealistic 3D models can improve mean average precision on the real-world task by +2.5 mAP.

Abstract Background Current guidelines for adult patients with pneumococcal meningitis (PM) recommend initial management in intermediate or intensive care units (ICU), but evidence to support these recommendations is limited. We aimed to describe ICU admission practices of patients with PM. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the French medico administrative database of consecutive adult patients with PM and sepsis criteria hospitalized between 2011 and 2020. We defined two groups, “Direct ICU” corresponding to a direct ICU admission and “Delayed ICU” corresponding to a secondary ICU admission. Results We identified 4052 patients hospitalized for a first episode of PM, including 2006 “Direct ICU” patients (50%) and 2046 “delayed ICU” patients (50%). The patients were mainly males [n = 2260 (56%)] with median age of 61 years [IQR 50–71] and a median Charlson index of 1 [0–3]. Among them, median SAPS II on admission was 46 [33–62], 2173 (54%) had a neurological failure on admission with 2133 (53%) in coma, 654 (16%) with brainstem failure, 488 (12%) with seizures and 779 (19%) with focal signs without coma. PM was frequently associated with pneumonia [n = 1411 (35%)], and less frequently with endocarditis [n = 317 (8%)]. The median ICU length of stay and hospital length of stay were 6 days [2–14] and 21 days [13–38], respectively. In-hospital mortality was 27% (n = 1100) and 640 (16%) patients were secondarily transferred to rehabilitation care unit. Direct ICU group was significantly more severe but after adjustment for age, sex, comorbidities, organ failures on admission and admission from home, direct ICU admission was significantly associated with a lower mortality (Odds ratio 0.67 [0.56–0.80], p

Introduction Physical restraint (PR) is prescribed in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) to avoid unplanned removal of medical devices. However, it is associated with an increased risk of delirium. We hypothesise that a restrictive use of PR, as compared with a systematic use, could reduce the duration of delirium in ICU patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation.Methods and analysis The Restrictive use of Restraints and Delirium Duration in ICU (R2D2-ICU) study is a national multicentric, parallel-group, randomised (1:1) open-label, controlled, superiority trial, which will be conducted in 10 ICUs. A total of 422 adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for an expected duration of at least 48 hours and eligible for prescription of PR will be randomly allocated within 6 hours from intubation to either the restrictive PR use group or the systematic PR use group, until day 14, ICU discharge or death, whichever comes first. In both groups, PR will consist of the use of wrist straps. The primary endpoint will be delirium or coma-free days, defined as the number of days spent alive in the ICU without coma or delirium within the first 14 days after randomisation. Delirium will be assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU twice daily. Key secondary endpoints will encompass agitation episodes, opioid, propofol, benzodiazepine and antipsychotic drug exposure during the 14-day intervention period, along with a core outcome set of measures evaluated 90 days postrandomisation.Ethics and dissemination The R2D2-ICU study has been approved by the Comité de Protection des Personnes (CPP) ILE DE FRANCE III—PARIS (CPP19.09.06.37521) on June 10th, 2019). Participant recruitment started on 25 January 2021. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed medical journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration number NCT04273360.

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a predominant pathogen of neonatal sepsis, commonly associated with early-onset neonatal sepsis. GBS has also been associated with cases of late-onset sepsis potentially originating from the intestine. Previous findings have shown GBS can colonize the infant intestinal tract as part of the neonatal microbiota. To better understand GBS colonization dynamics in the neonatal intestine, we collected stool and milk samples from prematurely born neonates for identification of potential pathogens in the neonatal intestinal microbiota. GBS was present in approximately 10% of the cohort, and this colonization was not associated with maternal GBS status, delivery route, or gestational weight. Interestingly, we observed the relative abundance of GBS in the infant stool negatively correlated with maternal IgA concentration in matched maternal milk samples. Using a preclinical murine model of GBS infection, we report that both vertical transmission and direct oral introduction resulted in intestinal colonization of GBS; however, translocation beyond the intestine was limited. Finally, vaccination of dams prior to breeding induced strong immunoglobulin responses, including IgA responses, which were associated with reduced mortality and GBS intestinal colonization. Taken together, we show that maternal IgA may contribute to infant immunity by limiting the colonization of GBS in the intestine.

Un repertorio de materialidades en forma de siete dibujos conforma este proyecto de creación, de nombre Polinizadores de lo común, que da cuenta de la ambigua idea de lo vivo y lo no vivo en las artes. Una escritura-esqueje que parte de esta serie de dibujos. La naturaleza de esta escritura dibujada es movilizar y sostener una serie de preguntas, propias y del común, nacidas del medio que habitamos y de anteriores reflexiones sobre la conservación o memoria de las artes escénicas en sentido expandido. En la tarea de rumiar —desde estos presupuestos— nos acompañamos del marco conceptual propuesto por Silvia L. Gil (sobre un horizonte feminista y dónde colocar la esperanza) y de Vinciane Despret (con los modos y maneras de arañas y pulpos). Otros seres no humanos como las mariposas monarca nos llevan a transitar por las dimensiones cosmológicas de la cultura. El trazado de esas rutas migratorias en las artes y sus conexiones entre lo vivo y lo muerto, más allá de una lógica binaria, forman parte entretejida y revuelta de la realidad que habitamos. Partiendo del fragmento, la variación, la mutación o el enigma, este texto abraza historias que crean mundos, bucea sus rastros en la escritura con la ayuda y a modiño de una investigación basada en la práctica artística.

O artigo parte do curta-metragem A falência, de Ronaldo Duarte, ganhador da edição de 1967 do Festival Brasileiro de Cinema Amador do Jornal do Brasil, e da noção de agenciamento, buscando compreender os processos de produção e circulação do filme. Seguindo os caminhos das imagens, investigamos os motivos da censura do curta-metragem e a trajetória do cineasta, preso e torturado durante a ditadura militar. O percurso metodológico alia análise fílmica e o uso de fontes documentais diversas, mostrando os desafios enfrentados por jovens cineastas começando a sua trajetória profissional em meio ao período de censura e perseguição pelos agentes do Estado no país.

Background: Cervical cancer screening is the priority activity of the government. Visual inspection with Acetic acid (VIA), Pap smear Liquid-based cytology, and HPV DNA testing are different methods of screening. VIA-based screening is the cost-effective method of screening in a resource-constrained setting like in our country as this doesn’t require cyto-histological testing, can be performed by trained paramedics too, and is as accurate as a cytological test. The aim is to explore pre-cancer cervical lesions by screening women in the community by visual inspection using acetic-acid. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study done at a health camp setting for three months from March to June 2023. The married non-pregnant women of 30-60 years were screened. Descriptive tests as well as sub-group analysis performed by Chi-Square tests. Results: From ten community health camps, 1255 cases were screened and screen positivity was 14.3%. Positive results were proportionately distributed to all parity by 13-19%. Half of the positive results (47.2%) were in the 34-40 age group. There were no significant differences in screen positivity by parity or vaginal discharge. Menopausal women had 7.7% screen positivity. Conclusions: The prevalence of VIA positivity in the community was found double the previous facility-based prevalence; and there was no significant difference by parity, menopausal status, and vaginal discharge. The positivity was more in 30-45 years of age. Keywords: Cervical pre-cancer; screening; VIA.

Autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are only partially represented in current experimental models and the development of humanized immune mice is crucial for better understanding of immunopathogenesis and testing of therapeutics. We describe a humanized mouse model with several key features of MS. Severely immunodeficient B2m-NOG mice were transplanted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HLA-DRB1-typed MS and healthy (HI) donors and showed rapid engraftment by human T and B lymphocytes. Mice receiving cells from MS patients with recent/ongoing Epstein–Barr virus reactivation showed high B cell engraftment capacity. Both HLA-DRB1*15 (DR15) MS and DR15 HI mice, not HLA-DRB1*13 MS mice, developed human T cell infiltration of CNS borders and parenchyma. DR15 MS mice uniquely developed inflammatory lesions in brain and spinal cord gray matter, with spontaneous, hCD8 T cell lesions, and mixed hCD8/hCD4 T cell lesions in EAE immunized mice, with variation in localization and severity between different patient donors. Main limitations of this model for further development are poor monocyte engraftment and lack of demyelination, lymph node organization, and IgG responses. These results show that PBMC humanized mice represent promising research tools for investigating MS immunopathology in a patient-specific approach.

Introduction Adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes, such as unplanned pregnancies and HIV infection, disproportionately affect adolescent girls and young women (AGYW; aged 15–24 years) in east Africa. Increasing uptake of preventive SRH services via innovative, youth-centred interventions is imperative to addressing disparities in SRH outcomes.Methods and analysis From 2018 to 2019, we used human-centred design to co-develop a theoretically driven HIV and pregnancy prevention intervention for AGYW at private drug shops called Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets (ADDOs) in Tanzania. The result, Malkia Klabu (Queen Club), was a customer loyalty programme designed to strengthen ADDOs’ role as SRH providers while encouraging uptake of critical SRH prevention products among AGYW. Malkia Klabu members had access to free contraceptives and oral HIV self-test (HIVST) kits and earned punches on a loyalty card for other shop purchases; punches were redeemable for small prizes. Our pilot among 40 shops showed that intervention ADDOs had higher AGYW patronage and distributed more HIVST kits and contraceptives to AGYW relative to business-as-usual (ie, client purchasing) comparison shops. We will conduct a cluster-randomised controlled trial (c-RCT) among 120–140 ADDOs in 40 health catchment areas in Shinyanga and Mwanza Regions (Lake Zone), Tanzania. ADDO shop recruitment includes a 1-month run-in with a tablet-based electronic inventory management system for tracking shop transactions, followed by enrolment, randomisation and a 24-month trial period. Our c-RCT evaluating the human-centred design-derived intervention will assess population impact on the primary outcomes of HIV diagnoses and antenatal care registrations, measured with routine health facility data. We will also assess secondary outcomes focusing on mechanisms of action, evaluate programme exposure and AGYW behaviour change in interviews with AGYW, and assess shop-level implementation strategies and fidelity.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was granted from both the University of California, San Francisco and the Tanzanian National Institute for Medical Research. Study progress and final outcomes will be posted annually to the National Clinical Trials website; study dissemination will occur at conferences, peer-reviewed manuscripts and local convenings of stakeholders.Trial registration number NCT05357144.

Glioblastoma multiform (GBM), the most occurring brain tumor comprises radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery as its treatment modalities. A significant hurdle is the insufficient or impeded transport of drugs to the central nervous system (CNS), linked to the protective influence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanotechnology can help to deliver therapeutic drugs into the central nervous system (CNS) by crossing the BBB. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a broad-spectrum anticancer compound that possesses scientifically proven anticancer activity. Despite having limited applications due to partial solubility and toxicity due to cosolvent preparation, it has shown encouraging outcomes in the treatment of GBM. In these cases, nanotechnology and nanoparticles added certain advantages such as increasing drug half-life, lowering toxicity, and enhancing the permeability and retention across BBB in tumor targeting. This review article is aimed at summarizing the current state of research works on nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) containing PTX in the treatment of Glioblastoma.

The aim of this research was to examine the prediction of aspects of subjective well-being based on resilience and seven basic personality traits in users of gerontological centers, and the incremental contribution of basic personality traits in explaining adaptation to old age, beyond the variance explained by resilience. The sample consisted of 151 participants (54.3% female) with an average age of 80 years. Satisfaction with life, as cognitive indicator, and emotional distress (anxiety, depression, and stress) were used as indicators of subjective well-being. The results showed that resilience, neuroticism (in the negative direction) and positive valence predicted life satisfaction in the elderly. In predicting emotional distress, neuroticism stood out as a key predictor, while the significant contribution of resilience is dimnished by introducing personality traits into the model. The results provide a more complete picture of the relationships between resilience, personality traiits, and subjective well-being in a sample of the elderly in Serbia, and confirm the importance of studying these relationships from a developmental perspective.

Abstract Objective: Despite the literature on dydrogesterone, studies on dydrogesterone utilization patterns are largely lacking in Indian patients. Methods: This was a multi-center, retrospective, observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study across 817 centers in India. Data of patients who received dydrogesterone in past and provided consent for future use of their medical record for research purpose was were retrieved and analyzed. Results: Data of 7287 subjects (aged 29.55±4.84 years) was analyzed. Threatened abortion was the most common indication for which the subjects received dydrogesterone (46.9%) followed by recurrent pregnancy loss. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders and anemia were the most common comorbid conditions and prior pregnancy loss, advanced maternal age and obesity were the most common risk factors seen in subjects who received dydrogesterone. Total 27.5% of subjects received a loading dose of dydrogesterone, and majority (64%) received 40 mg as loading dose. 10 mg dose was used as maintenance or regular dose in 81.4% of the subjects. Twice daily (BID) was the most common dosing frequency (66.6%). The most common concomitant medications being taken by the subjects on dydrogesterone included folic acid (45.1%), iron supplements (30.3%) and calcium and vitamin D3 supplements (25.5%). Another progesterone preparation (oral, injection, vaginal, tubal) other than dydrogesterone was used concurrently in 7.8% of subjects. Conclusion: The study helped to identify the patient population that is benefitted by dydrogesterone and the preferred indications, risk factors, comorbid conditions and concomitant medication used in this patient population at real-life scenario.

Background: COVID-19 is primarily known as a respiratory illness; however, many patients present to hospital without respiratory symptoms. The association between non-respiratory presentations of COVID-19 and outcomes remains unclear. We investigated risk factors and clinical outcomes in patients with no respiratory symptoms (NRS) and respiratory symptoms (RS) at hospital admission. Methods: This study describes clinical features, physiological parameters, and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients, stratified by the presence or absence of respiratory symptoms at hospital admission. RS patients had one or more of: cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, runny nose or wheezing; while NRS patients did not. Results: Of 178,640 patients in the study, 86.4 % presented with RS, while 13.6 % had NRS. NRS patients were older (median age: NRS: 74 vs RS: 65) and less likely to be admitted to the ICU (NRS: 36.7 % vs RS: 37.5 %). NRS patients had a higher crude in-hospital case-fatality ratio (NRS 41.1 % vs. RS 32.0 %), but a lower risk of death after adjusting for confounders (HR 0.88 [0.83–0.93]). Conclusion: Approximately one in seven COVID-19 patients presented at hospital admission without respiratory symptoms. These patients were older, had lower ICU admission rates, and had a lower risk of in-hospital mortality after adjusting for confounders.

Pregnancy and the postpartum period induce physiological changes that can influence women’s cognitive functions. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has a higher prevalence in women and is exacerbated by early life stress. In the present study, we found that late adolescent social isolation combined with the experience of pregnancy and delivery accelerates the onset of cognitive deficits in 5xFAD dams, particularly affecting their ability to recognize novelty. These cognitive deficits manifested as early as 16 weeks, earlier than the usual timeline for these mice, and were closely associated with increased levels of corticosterone, suggesting dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Notably, the presence of β-amyloid plaques in brain regions associated with novelty recognition did not significantly contribute to these deficits. This highlights the potential role of stress and HPA axis dysregulation in the development of cognitive impairments related to AD, and underscores the need for further investigation.

Summary: Neonates born prematurely are vulnerable to life-threatening conditions such as bacterial sepsis. Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) and Escherichia coli are frequent causative pathogens of neonatal sepsis, however, it remains unclear if these pathogens induce differential immune responses. We find that γδ T cells rapidly respond to single-organism GBS and E. coli bloodstream infections in neonatal mice. Furthermore, GBS and E. coli induce distinct cytokine production from IFN-γ and IL-17 producing γδ T cells, respectively. We also find that IL-17 production during E. coli infection is driven by γδTCR signaling, whereas IFN-γ production during GBS infection occurs independently of γδTCR signaling. The divergent effector responses of γδ T cells during GBS and E. coli infections impart distinctive neuroinflammatory phenotypes on the neonatal brain. Thus, the neonatal adaptive immune system differentially responds to distinct bacterial stimuli, resulting in unique neuroinflammatory phenotypes.

Aquatic mammals in Indonesia are officially protected. However, there is a lack of research on these mammals, particularly in relation to potential disease-causing bacteria. A study was conducted in a conservation pond to address this gap, where swab samples were taken from the blowholes of aquatic mammals. The focus was on identifying bacteria that could potentially cause infectious diseases in these animals. The results revealed V. parahaemolyticus bacterial isolates, which showed a 98% similarity to the registered V. parahaemolyticus in NCBI. These bacterial isolates exhibited hemolysin properties and demonstrated resistance to trimethoprim, streptomycin, cephalothin, and penicillin antibiotics.

ABSTRACTMany mechanisms responsible for COVID-19 pathogenesis are well-established, but COVID-19 includes features with unclear pathogenesis, such as autonomic dysregulation, coagulopathies, and high levels of inflammation. The receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). We hypothesized that some COVID-19 patients may develop antibodies that have a negative molecular image of RBD sufficiently similar to ACE2 to yield ACE2-like catalytic activity—ACE2-like abzymes. To explore this hypothesis, we studied patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who had plasma samples available obtained about 7 days after admission. ACE2 is a metalloprotease that requires Zn2+ for activity. However, we found that the plasma from some patients studied could specifically cleave a synthetic ACE2 peptide substrate, even though the plasma samples were collected using disodium EDTA anticoagulant. When we spiked plasma with synthetic ACE2, no ACE2 substrate cleavage activity was observed unless Zn2+ was added or the plasma was diluted to decrease EDTA concentration. After processing samples by 100 kDa size exclusion columns and protein A/G adsorption, which depleted immunoglobulin by >99.99%, the plasma samples did not cleave the ACE2 substrate peptide. The data suggest that some patients with COVID-19 develop antibodies with abzyme-like activity capable of cleaving synthetic ACE2 substrate. Since abzymes can exhibit promiscuous substrate specificities compared to the enzyme whose active site image they resemble, and since proteolytic cascades regulate many physiologic processes, anti-RBD abzymes may contribute to some otherwise obscure COVID-19 pathogenesis.IMPORTANCEWe provide what we believe to be the first description of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-like enzymatic activity associated with immunoglobulin in COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 includes many puzzling clinical features that have unclear pathogenesis, including a hyperinflammatory state, abnormalities of the clotting cascade, and blood pressure instability. We hypothesized that some patients with COVID-19 patients may produce antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with enzymatic activity, or abzymes, that target important proteolytic regulatory cascades. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 on the surface of the future host cell. This means that the RBD has a negative molecular image of ACE2. We hypothesized that some antibodies produced against the RBD would have, in turn, a negative molecular image of the RBD sufficiently similar to ACE2 to have ACE2-like catalytic activity. In other words, some anti-RBD antibodies would be ACE2-like abzymes. Abzymes elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection have the potential to affect host physiology.

Individu dapat mencapai resilien jika ia mampu menghadapi, mengatasi, belajar, dan dapat berubah dari keadaan sulit yang dialami. Penelitian ini menjelaskan proses pencapaian resiliensi wanita single-parent dengan anak speech delay. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dan teknik snowballs. Pengambilan data melalui wawancara semi terstruktur dan observasi dari tiga informan. Analisis data menggunakan teknik Coding, Categories, Themes. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan perasaan menjadi single-parent dan merawat anak speech delay, Hal-hal yang dilakukan untuk mencapai resiliensi, dan tanggapan keluarga dan masyarakat mengenai single-parent dan anak speech delay. Dengan demikian, individu memiliki banyak cara untuk bertahan dalam keadaan sulit sehingga dapat meminimalkan hambatan yang mungkin terjadi dan dibantu dengan dukungan internal maupun eksternal. KEY WORDS: single parent; speech delay; resilience ABSTRACT Individuals can achieve resilience if they are able to face, overcome, learn, and can change from the difficult circumstances experienced. This research explains the process of achieving resilience of single-parent women with speech delay children. This research uses a phenomenological approach and snowballs technique. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and observations from three informants. Data analysis using Coding, Categories, Themes techniques. The results of this research found feelings of being a single-parent and caring for speech delay children, things done to achieve resilience, and family and neighborn responses regarding single parents and speech delay children. Thus, individuals have many ways to survive in difficult circumstances so as to minimize the obstacles that may occur and are assisted by internal and external support. KEY WORDS: single parent; speech delay; resilience Copyright ©2023. The Authors. Published by Journal of Indonesian Psychological Science (JIPS). This is an open access article under the CC BY NO SA. link: Creative Commons — Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International — CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Mesenchymal prostate tumours are relatively rare compared to epithelial tumours. To diagnose mesenchymal tumours on transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) specimen, doctors have to consider a few differential diagnoses, including gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GISTs). We reported a 63 years-old male patient, presented with urinary retention in one week. Based on an initial scan of the abdomen, a large lobulated mass in the pelvic cavity from the prostate pushed up the urinary bladder. Histopathologic examination demonstrated cellular spindle cell neoplastic proliferation, a moderate degree of atypia, and a mitotic count of >5 per 50 high-power fields (HPFs) with a fascicular growth pattern. Immunohistochemically, the tumour had positive expression for CD117 (c-KIT), CD34, and discovered on Gist-1 (DOG-1), while smooth muscle actin (SMA) and S-100 were negative. The pathological report was consistent with a high-risk group of GISTs in the prostate. Subsequent imaging revealed that the tumour mass was centrally located between the rectum and prostate, infiltrating bladder and liver metastases. Comprehensive differential diagnoses of mesenchymal tumours involving the prostate are necessary because of the inadequacy of specific clinical signs, symptoms, and unexpected location. Diagnoses of GISTs was performed based on spindle cell pattern and the positive immunohistochemistry expression for CD117, CD34, and DOG-1. The tumour mass involved in the prostate with spindled morphology should be considered as a GIST, assisted with appropriate immunohistochemistry marker panel. It is a challenge to diagnose the GIST particularly involving the prostate.

Background: Recent randomized control trials (JCOG0802 and CALGB140503) have shown sublobar resection to be noninferior to lobectomy for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ≤2.0 cm. We have previously proposed histologic criteria stratifying lung adenocarcinoma into indolent low malignant potential (LMP) and aggressive angioinvasive adenocarcinomas, resulting in better prognostication than provided by World Health Organization grade. Here we determine whether pathologic classification is reproducible and whether subsets of adenocarcinomas predict worse outcomes when treated by wedge resection compared to lobectomy. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 108 recipients of wedge resection and 187 recipients of lobectomy for stage I/0 lung adenocarcinomas ≤2.0 cm was assembled from 2 institutions. All tumors were classified by a single pathologist, and interobserver reproducibility was assessed in a subset (n = 92) by 5 pathologists. Results: Angioinvasive adenocarcinoma (21%-27% of cases) was associated with worse outcomes when treated with wedge resection compared to lobectomy (5-year recurrence-free survival, 57% vs 85% [P = .007]; 5-year disease-free survival [DSS], 70% vs 90% [P = .043]; 7-year overall survival, 37% vs 58% [P = .143]). Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), and LMP exhibited 100% 5-year DSS regardless of the surgical approach. Multivariable analysis showed that angioinvasion, tumor size, margin status, and extent of nodal sampling were significantly associated with recurrence but not with surgical procedure. There was substantial interobserver reproducibility among the pathologists for the diagnosis of angioinvasive adenocarcinoma (κ = 0.71) and the combined indolent AIS/MIA/LMP group (κ = 0.74). Conclusions: The majority (∼75%) of lung adenocarcinomas ≤2 cm are adequately managed with wedge resection; however, angioinvasive adenocarcinomas (∼25%) treated by wedge resection with suboptimal nodal sampling exhibit poor outcomes, with a 40% to 45% rate of recurrence within 5 years and 60% to 65% overall mortality at 7 years.

Abstract The lethality of epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) is largely due to a high rate of recurrence and development of chemoresistance, which requires synergy between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is thought to involve cancer stem cells. Our analysis of gene expression microarray data from paired primary and recurrent OC tissues revealed significantly elevated expression of the gene encoding periostin (POSTN) in recurrent OC compared to matched primary tumors (p = 0.015). Secreted POSTN plays a role in the extracellular matrix, facilitating epithelial cell migration and tissue regeneration. We therefore examined how elevated extracellular POSTN, as we found is present in recurrent OC, impacts OC cell functions and phenotypes, including stemness. OC cells cultured with conditioned media with high levels of periostin (CM POSTNhigh ) exhibited faster migration (p = 0.0044), enhanced invasiveness (p = 0.006), increased chemoresistance (p

Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by lymphatic system obstruction, resulting in the leakage of lymph into the bowel lumen. We present the case of a 6-year-old boy with recurrent diarrhea and weight loss. On examination, bilateral pitting edema in the lower limbs was observed. Laboratory investigations revealed hypoalbuminemia and lymphopenia. Contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen showed thickening of the jejunum, echogenic fat islands, and enlarged lymph nodes in the mesentery. The diagnosis was confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. The patient was managed with a high-protein diet and replacement of the long-chain triglycerides with medium-chain triglycerides. Gradual improvement in symptoms was observed with regular follow-up. PIL is a protein-losing enteropathy that causes hypoproteinemia, hypolymphopenia, and hypoglobulinemia. PIL usually presents with peripheral edema, weight loss, abdominal pain, and chronic diarrhea. Diagnosis is based on characteristic endoscopic and histopathologic findings. Management involves a multidisciplinary approach, including nutritional modifications, medical therapy, and, in rare cases, surgical resection. PIL remains a challenging diagnosis due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. Clinicians should maintain awareness of this disorder for prompt identification and management.

Abstract Background Somali immigrants and refugees constitute one of the largest African ethnic groups immigrating to the United States over the past three decades with the majority resettling in the state of Minnesota. Previous studies have documented significant cancer screening disparities between the Somali population and the general population. However, little is known about cancer incidence among Somali groups living in the United States. Methods We determined the incidence of 18 types or sites of malignancy using ICD‐9 and ICD‐10 codes and compared them between Somali and non‐Somali populations in Olmsted County, Minnesota utilizing the Rochester Epidemiology Project medical records‐linkage infrastructure for the years 2000–2020. Poisson regression models were used to model the rates for each malignancy. Results There was a higher incidence and relative risk of liver malignancies among the Somali population versus non‐Somali population, but lower relative risk and incidence of the following malignancies: breast, cervical, and melanoma. After direct age‐sex adjustment to the United States 2000 Census population, liver was the most common cancer in Somali men, while breast cancer was the most common malignancy in women. Conclusion Malignancies related to infectious agents such as viral hepatitis have a higher incidence in the Somali immigrant population of Olmsted County. There is a lower incidence of malignancies related to lifestyle factors in this Somali population. Findings of this study may help inform cancer prevention and screening strategies among Somali communities in the United States.

Abstract Background As cancer therapies have improved, spinal metastases are increasingly common. Resulting complications have a significant impact on patient's quality of life. Optimal methods of surveillance and avoidance of neurologic deficits are understudied. This study compares the clinical course of patients who initially presented to the emergency department (ED) versus a multidisciplinary spine oncology clinic and who underwent stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) secondary to progression/presentation of metastatic spine disease. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of adult oncologic patients who underwent spinal SBRT at a single hospital from 2010 to 2021. Descriptive statistics and survival analyses were performed. Results We identified 498 spinal radiographic treatment sites in 390 patients. Of these patients, 118 (30.3%) presented to the ED. Patients presenting to the ED compared to the clinic had significantly more severe spinal compression (52.5% vs. 11.7%; p

Sea level rise (SLR) attributed to the melting of ice caps and thermal expansion of seawater is of great global significance to vast populations of people residing along the world’s coastlines. The extent of SLR’s impact on physical coastal areas is determined by multiple factors such as geographical location, coastal structure, wetland vegetation and related oceanic changes. For coastal communities at risk of inundation and coastal erosion due to SLR, the modelling and projection of future sea levels can provide the information necessary to prepare and adapt to gradual sea level rise over several years. In the following study, a new model for predicting future sea levels is presented, which focusses on two tide gauge locations (Darwin and Milner Bay) in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia. Historical data from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) from 1990 to 2022 are used for data training and prediction using artificial intelligence models and computation of mean sea level (MSL) linear projection. The study employs a new double data decomposition approach using Multivariate Variational Mode Decomposition (MVMD) and Successive Variational Mode Decomposition (SVMD) with dimensionality reduction techniques of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for data modelling using four artificial intelligence models (Support Vector Regression (SVR), Adaptive Boosting Regressor (AdaBoost), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Convolutional Neural Network–Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (CNN-BiGRU). It proposes a deep learning hybrid CNN-BiGRU model for sea level prediction, which is benchmarked by SVR, AdaBoost, and MLP. MVMD-SVMD-CNN-BiGRU hybrid models achieved the highest performance values of 0.9979 (d), 0.996 (NS), 0.9409 (L); and 0.998 (d), 0.9959 (NS), 0.9413 (L) for Milner Bay and Darwin, respectively. It also attained the lowest error values of 0.1016 (RMSE), 0.0782 (MABE), 2.3699 (RRMSE), and 2.4123 (MAPE) for Darwin and 0.0248 (RMSE), 0.0189 (MABE), 1.9901 (RRMSE), and 1.7486 (MAPE) for Milner Bay. The mean sea level (MSL) trend analysis showed a rise of 6.1 ± 1.1 mm and 5.6 ± 1.5 mm for Darwin and Milner Bay, respectively, from 1990 to 2022.

El 14 de diciembre de 2023 durante la ceremonia de grados del programa de enfermería se escuchó en el auditorio Guillermo Fergusson que correspondía a la promoción 100, es muy seguro que surgió en los asistentes la pregunta: ¿Cómo se llegó a este número que parece difícil de alcanzar? La respuesta está en el logro del sueño de los miembros de la Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, Hospital de San José, quienes proyectaron tener una gran institución de salud y de educación superior. En 1975 el presidente de la Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, Dr. Eugenio Ordóñez Márquez asignó al Dr. Juan Consuegra Zulaica y a la enfermera María Teresa Perdomo de Piñeros, la tarea de realizar los trámites para la creación del programa de enfermería. Como resultado del eficiente trabajo por ellos realizado, el 14 de enero de 1976 la junta directiva de la Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá aprobó la creación de la Escuela de Enfermería en sesión ordinaria, acta 01. El 1 de diciembre se obtuvo la personería jurídica mediante la resolución 10917, expedida por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional con el nombre de “Corporación Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud”.

This article analyses the dispute between Rukyatul Hilal and Hisab Hakiki Wujudul Hilal in determining Islamic holidays in Indonesia. However, in its determination, there is often a dispute between the Rukyatul Hilal and Hisab Hakiki methods. This research aims to resolve the dispute between the two methods. The methodology in this research is qualitative, with a literature review. Primary data is sourced from Naqli's arguments, and secondary data from the books of Tafsir. The results show that Islamic holidays have been established in the Qur'an in Surah Yunus and Surah Al-Rahman. Hadith shows the story of the prophet Muhammad in the Rukyatul Hilal method, which contains historical and philosophical values. Hisab Hakiki Wujudul Hilal is found in Surah Yasin. Applying the two methods of determining Islamic holidays has a significant difference where Rukyatul Hilal is through direct observation while Hisab Hakiki uses astronomical mathematical calculations. To mediate the existing controversy, the Indonesian Ulema Council issued a circular letter that both methods have the same position, which is valid. The Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia has also found a solution between the two that is elaborated on with Ikmanur Rukyat through a national Itsbat session.

ABSTRACT: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a poultry intestinal disease caused by virulent strains of the bacterium Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens). This anaerobic bacterium produces a wide range of enzymes and toxins in the gut which leads to NE development. It is generally accepted by the poultry veterinarians that netB-positive C. perfringens strains are virulent and netB-negative strains do not cause NE. However, NE pathogenesis remains unclear as contradictory results have been reported. The use of experimental in vivo models is a valuable tool to understand the pathogenesis of a disease. In this study, a chicken ligated loop model was used to determine the virulence status of 79 C. perfringens strains from various geographical locations, sources, and genotype profiles. According to our model and based on histologic lesion scoring, 9 C. perfringens strains were classified as commensal, 35 as virulent, and 34 as highly virulent. The virulence of only 1 C. perfringens strain could not be classified as its lesion score was variable (from 15). In general, NE lesions were more severe in intestinal loops inoculated with netB-positive C. perfringens strains than those inoculated with netB-negative strains. The prevalence of netB among strains classified as commensal, virulent, and highly virulent was 56% (5/9), 54%, (19/35), and 59% (20/34). These results suggest that NetB is not required to cause NE lesions and that other factors are also involved. The classification of the virulence status of C. perfringens strains should not be based solely on the presence or absence of this toxin. Therefore, the use of an in vivo model is essential to distinguish commensal from virulent strains of C. perfringens.

El artículo analiza, desde un enfoque de derechos, las experiencias de las personas en movilidades precarias ante el cierre de fronteras adoptado por Argentina a raíz de la pandemia por COVID-19. ¿Cómo fue la experiencia de llegar, salir del país y en general, transitar con las fronteras formalmente cerradas? A partir de revisión de fuentes y entrevistas, la contribución da cuenta de la espera inicial en las fronteras frente al cierre, y de las dificultades y estrategias para ingresar y transitar, incluso de manera regular, para evaluar la experiencia desde las obligaciones estatales a partir del derecho humano a migrar.

Background Telehealth is comprised of telecommunications and electronic information systems to support and maintain long-distance healthcare services. Although it has not been thoroughly explored, the intention of using the service among the general public is critical to its success. We investigated the factors associated with the intention to utilize telehealth services among the general population of Bangladesh. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between May 22, 2021 and June 15, 2021 in Bangladesh, where the total number of participants was 1038. The Pearson chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used to examine the unadjusted relationship between the explanatory variables and the intention to use telehealth services. A multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to determine the adjusted association. Shapiro-Wilk tests were used to check the normality of continuous data. Data were processed and analyzed by software STATA-16. Results The probability of utilizing the service increased significantly with increasing knowledge, perceived benefit, and predisposition levels among respondents. However, when perceived concern increased, the likelihood of utilizing the service dropped significantly. Age, marital status, educational status, profession, residence, and perceived health status were significantly associated with the participants’ intention to utilize the telehealth service. Conclusions The influencing aspects of telehealth service utilization should be recognized by the respective authorities. Possible activities to enhance usability among people are also recommended.

OBJECTIVES:. Neurologic outcomes of patients under venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) may be worsened by secondary insults of systemic origin. We aimed to assess whether sepsis, commonly observed during ECMO support, is associated with brain injury and outcomes. DESIGN:. Single-center cohort study of the “exposed-non-exposed” type on consecutive adult patients treated by VA-ECMO. SETTING:. Medical ICU of a university hospital, France, 2013–2020. PATIENTS:. Patients with sepsis at the time of VA-ECMO cannulation (“sepsis” group) were compared with patients without sepsis (“no sepsis” group). The primary outcome measure was poor functional outcome at 90 days, defined by a score greater than or equal to 4 on the modified Rankin scale (mRS), indicating severe disability or death. INTERVENTIONS:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. A total of 196 patients were included (“sepsis,” n = 128; “no sepsis,” n = 68), of whom 87 (44.4%) had presented cardiac arrest before VA-ECMO cannulation. A poor functional outcome (mRS ≥ 4) was observed in 99 of 128 patients (77.3%) of the “sepsis” group and 46 of 68 patients (67.6%) of the “no sepsis” group (adjusted logistic regression odds ratio (OR) 1.21, 95% CI, 0.58–2.47; inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) OR 1.24; 95% CI, 0.79–1.95). Subsequent analyses performed according to pre-ECMO cardiac arrest status suggested that sepsis was independently associated with poorer functional outcomes in the subgroup of patients who had experienced pre-ECMO cardiac arrest (adjusted logistic regression OR 3.44; 95% CI, 1.06–11.40; IPTW OR 3.52; 95% CI, 1.68–7.73), whereas no such association was observed in patients without pre-ECMO cardiac arrest (adjusted logistic regression OR 0.69; 95% CI, 0.27–1.69; IPTW OR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.42–1.35). Compared with the “no sepsis” group, “sepsis” patients presented a significant increase in S100 calcium-binding protein beta concentrations at day 1 (0.94 μg/L vs. 0.52 μg/L, p = 0.03), and more frequent EEG alterations (i.e., severe slowing, discontinuous background, and a lower prevalence of sleep patterns), suggesting brain injury. CONCLUSION:. We observed a detrimental role of sepsis on neurologic outcomes in the subgroup of patients who had experienced pre-ECMO cardiac arrest, but not in other patients.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare benign breast disease of unknown aetiology mostly presenting as a breast abscess but not responding to usual conservative management with incision and drainage and frequently mimics breast cancer. We present a case 31-year-old female presented with complaints of right breast pain and redness who was initially diagnosed and treated as a case of breast abscess with repeated incision and drainage and antibiotics but did not improve. Later histopathology revealed granuloma with giant cell reaction and the patient was given a trial of steroids which showed no improvement. Wide local excision with a long course of broad-spectrum antibiotics was performed which led into remission. This case report highlights the importance of considering idiopathic granulomatous mastitis as differentials in non-responding breast abscesses. Histopathology for diagnosis and trial of wide local excision with a long course of broad-spectrum antibiotics as treatment may be done for management.

En este trabajo de revisión bibliográfica se presenta la recopilación de diversos estudios realizados en los cuales destacan los temas de sistemas de almacenamiento de energía, Supercapacitores (SC´s), bancos de supercapacitores y matrices de conmutación, que se consideran elementales para el futuro de los sistemas eléctricos. Los sistemas de almacenamiento permiten tener un resguardo cuando las líneas de alimentación de energía eléctrica fallan o no son lo suficientemente eficientes y tienen diversas clasificaciones que cambian en función de los tipos y necesidades de los sistemas. Aunado a esto, se describen, de manera general, los supercapacitores, tipos y aplicaciones, además de las características que los posicionan como mejor opción de almacenamiento que las baterías, en la búsqueda de plantear las bases para el desarrollo de bancos de supercapacitores y las matrices de conmutación. Los primeros ayudan a potenciar las características de los supercapacitores mediante diversos arreglos eléctricos; mientras que los segundos son una propuesta para controlar los cambios de los bancos de supercapacitores en la búsqueda del control de parámetros eléctricos.

Fungi colonizing plants are gaining attention because of their ability to promote plant growth and suppress pathogens. While most studies focus on endosymbionts from grasses and legumes, the large and diverse group of ericaceous plants has been much neglected. We recently described one of the very few fungal endophytes promoting the growth of the Ericaceae Vaccinium macrocarpon (American cranberry), notably the Codinaeella isolate EC4. Here, we show that EC4 also suppresses fungal pathogens, which makes it a promising endophyte for sustainable cranberry cultivation. By dual-culture assays on agar plates, we tested the potential growth suppression (or biocontrol) of EC4 on other microbes, notably 12 pathogenic fungi and one oomycete reported to infect not only cranberry but also blueberry, strawberry, tomato plants, rose bushes and olive trees. Under greenhouse conditions, EC4 protects cranberry plantlets infected with one of the most notorious cranberry-plant pathogens, Diaporthe vaccinii, known to cause upright dieback and berry rot. The nuclear genome sequence of EC4 revealed a large arsenal of genes potentially involved in biocontrol. About ∼60 distinct clusters of genes are homologs of secondary metabolite gene clusters, some of which were shown in other fungi to synthesize nonribosomal peptides and polyketides, but in most cases, the exact compounds these clusters may produce are unknown. The EC4 genome also encodes numerous homologs of hydrolytic enzymes known to degrade fungal cell walls. About half of the nearly 250 distinct glucanases and chitinases are likely involved in biocontrol because they are predicted to be secreted outside the cell. Transcriptome analysis shows that the expression of about a quarter of the predicted secondary-metabolite gene clusters and glucan and chitin-degrading genes of EC4 is stimulated when it is co-cultured with D. vaccinii. Some of the differentially expressed EC4 genes are alternatively spliced exclusively in the presence of the pathogen, altering the proteins’ domain content and subcellular localization signal, thus adding a second level of proteome adaptation in response to habitat competition. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Diaporthe-induced alternative splicing of biocontrol genes.

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive Mendelian trait characterized by symptoms that include acute and chronic pain, chest syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, stroke, kidney disease, and vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs), all of which worsen with age; VOCs are the leading cause of hospitalization and premature death in SCA patients. Currently, despite the existence of treatments for SCA, the negative consequences of VOCs’ chronic inflammatory state demand the exploration of alternative methods of control. For this reason, the goal of this research was to find novel pathways and promising bioactive polyphenols for the treatment of SCA using a combination of network pharmacology and in silico approaches; due to polyphenols, they have shown widely reported anti-inflammatory properties. Initially, hub genes associated with inflammatory processes in SCA were identified by extracting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from a publicly available GEO dataset (GSE53441), followed by their validation through system biology analysis, Polyphenols with anti-inflammatory activity were selected from natural product databases; finally, molecular docking and dynamics were performed with the polyphenols and the key protein derived from the selected hub genes. As a result, 10 genes associated with the Type I interferon (IFN–I) pathway in SCA were identified (MX1, FIT1, IFIT3, STAT1, ISG15, GBP1, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and RSAD); among them, STAT1 was selected as a central hub gene by regulating the expression of the rest. Docking and dynamics studies showed good binding energies among STAT1 and the fifteen polyphenolic extracted compounds, with quercetin, diosmetin, and fisetin showing the lowest binding energies. Identified flavonoids have been described in the past as compounds having anti-inflammatory and antioxidant features, as well as possible alternatives for SCA treatment.

Background. Managing dental care in children with special health care needs poses distinct challenges. This case report explores these challenges within the context of a 9-year-old boy with Down syndrome (DS) facing dental treatment refusal. Case Report. Over ten months and 13 visits, a tailored approach was devised for the patient who presented with multiple cavities and retained primary teeth. Key strategies included gradually introducing dental procedures, including tooth brushing, intraoral examination, tooth preparation, extraction, and myofunctional therapy. Behaviour guidance techniques include tell-show-do, desensitization, positive reinforcement, and close collaboration between dental professionals and the patient’s mother. Discussion. This methodical approach helped overcome the child’s initial refusal without sedation or general anaesthesia, facilitating successful dental care. Conclusion. This case emphasizes the effectiveness of patient-centred strategies and detailed communication in pediatric dentistry for children with DS, providing valuable insights for managing similar challenges in dental care.