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Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Obesidade, Nutrição e Emagrecimento is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercicio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The number of bariatric surgeries performed in Brazil increased with 85% between 2011 and 2018. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between food intake and both body composition and lifestyle in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with adults scheduled for bariatric surgery at a university hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil. Data were collected on anthropometric characteristics, body composition determined using dual emission x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), lifestyle and food intake. Results: Sixty patients participated in this study (78.3% women; mean age: 38.8 ± 9.6 years). Regarding lifestyle, 31.7% sedentary lifestyle, 33.3% consumed alcoholic beverages and 83.3% never smoked. Absolute values of trunk fat, lean mass and bone mineral density were 26.84 ± 5.34 kg, 55.85 ± 10.19 kg and 11.1 ± 0.08 g/cm², respectively. The association tests revealed that a lower amount of trunk fat was associated with a greater intake of carbohydrates, sedentary individuals consumed more carbohydrates and non-smokers consumed more fruits, vegetables and olive oil. Conclusions: A greater sedentary lifestyle was associated with consumption of carbohydrates. Moreover, not smoking in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery was associated with greater consumption of healthy eating markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Demetra: Food, Nutrition & Health / Alimentação, Nutrição & Saúde is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Among the inflammatory mediators involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, the cell adhesion molecules Pselectin, E-selectin, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and the chemokine MCP-1 stand out. They play a crucial role in adherence of cells to endothelial surfaces, in the integrity of the vascular wall and can be modulated by body composition and dietary pattern. Objectives: To describe and discuss the relation of these cell adhesion molecules and chemokines to anthropometric, body composition, dietary and biochemical markers. Methods: Papers were located using scientific databases by topic searches with no restriction on year of publication. Results: All molecules were associated positively with anthropometric markers, but controversial results were found for ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Not only obesity, but visceral fat is more strongly correlated with E-selectin and MCP-1 levels. Weight loss influences the reduction in the levels of these molecules, except VCAM-1. The distribution of macronutrients, excessive consumption of saturated and trans fat and a Western dietary pattern are associated with increased levels. The opposite could be observed with supplementation of w-3 fatty acid, healthy dietary pattern, high calcium diet and high dairy intake. Regarding the biochemical parameters, they have inverse relation to HDLC and positive relation to total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, fasting insulin and insulin resistance. Conclusion: Normal anthropometric indicators, body composition, biochemical parameters and eating pattern positively modulate the subclinical inflammation that results from obesity by reducing the cell adhesion molecules and chemokines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: obesity, characterized by adiposity excess, is associated with endothelial dysfunction and possible inflammatory state with release of cytokines that determine endothelial function and can trigger chronic diseases. The dietary pattern are associated with the synthesis these cytokines. Fruits as the acai, which is rich in flavonoids, have a direct and beneficial effect on the control of this inflammatory process through the exercised antioxidant capacity.Objective: to evaluate the effect of acai pulp consumption on the inflammatory markers, anthropometric measurements, body composition, biochemical and dietary parameters in healthy women.Methods: forty women, were divided in 25 eutrophic and 15 with overweight. They intaked 200 g of acai pulp during 4 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, inflammatory markers, biochemical data, dietary intake and dietary antioxidants capacity were evaluated before and after the intervention.Results and Discussion: after the intervention, there was significant increase of EGF (p = 0.021) and PAI- 1(p = 0.011) in overweight women. Moreover, there was increase in body weight (p = 0.031), body mass index (p = 0.028), percentage of truncal fat (p = 0.003) and triceps skinfold thickness (p = 0.046) in eutrophic women. However, the skinfold thickness (p = 0.018) and total body fat (p = 0.016) decreased in overweight women. There was reduction of total protein (p = 0.049) due to the globulin reduction (p = 0.005), but the nutritional status was maintained in eutrophic group.Conclusion: the intake of 200g acai pulp, modulated the EGF and PAI-1 expression, possibly by modulation of acai on the parameters of body composition, dietary, clinical, biochemical and inflammatory, led to a redistribution and resizing of body fat of the trunk area, and presumably increased visceral fat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]