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923 results on '"Lin, Kui"'

1. Perpendicular separations of a binary mixture under van der Waals confinement

Author

Lin, Kui

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

We investigated the dynamics of a binary mixture confined within van der Waals (vdW) walls using molecular dynamics simulations. We discovered a novel phenomenon named perpendicular separations of two phases (PSTP). In the initial stage, central water molecules diffused, subsequently condensing symmetrically within the confinement's mid-plane. In the later stage, as water droplets nucleate and grow, the resin separates perpendicularly into two films due to the action of bubblers and vdW walls, resulting in a hollow nanochannel. The mechanisms and conditions underlying PSTS are discussed. The results indicate that the concentration (C) of resin in the middle region is linearly decreased with temporal power. We propose a new mechanism for stabilizing nanochannels and films: dynamic "soft pillars" that prevent Rayleigh-like instability. Our findings could shed light on the manufacture of nanofilms and organic nanochannels, which could help advance bio-detection and energy fields., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures

Published
2023

5. BRP39 Regulates Neutrophil Recruitment in NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Liver InflammationSummary

Author

Lin Kui, Andrea D. Kim, Janset Onyuru, Hal M. Hoffman, and Ariel E. Feldstein

Subjects
NASH, LAMs, LY6G, Fibrosis, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Background & Aims: Breast regression protein 39 (BRP39) (Chi3L1) and its human homolog YKL-40, is an established biomarker of liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients, but its role in NASH pathogenesis remains unclear. We recently identified Chi3L1 as one of the top up-regulated genes in mice with inducible gain-of-function NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) activation that mimics several liver features of NASH. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BRP39 deficiency on NLRP3-induced liver inflammation using tamoxifen-inducible Nlrp3 knockin mice sufficient (Nlrp3A350V CRT) and deficient for BRP39 (Nlrp3A350V/BRP-/- CRT). Methods: Using Nlrp3A350V CRT mice and Nlrp3A350V BRP-/- CRT, we investigated the consequences of BRP39 deficiency influencing NLRP3-induced liver inflammation. Results: Our results showed that BRP39 deficiency in NLRP3-induced inflammation improved body weight and liver weight. Moreover, liver inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatic stellate cell activation were reduced significantly, corresponding to significantly decreased Ly6C+ infiltrating macrophages, CD68+ osteopontin-positive hepatic lipid-associated macrophages, and activated Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G6D positive (Ly6G+) and citrullinated histone H3 postivie (H3Cit+) neutrophil accumulation in the liver. Further investigation showed that circulatory neutrophils from NLRP3-induced BRP39-deficient mice have impaired chemotaxis and migration ability, and this was confirmed by RNA bulk sequencing showing reduced immune activation, migration, and signaling responses in neutrophils. Conclusions: These data showcase the importance of BRP39 in regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome during liver inflammation and fibrotic NASH by altering cellular activation, recruitment, and infiltration during disease progression, and revealing BRP39 to be a potential therapeutic target for future treatment of inflammatory NASH and its associated diseases.

Published
2024
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14. Pyroptosis and gasdermins—Emerging insights and therapeutic opportunities in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis

Author

Christian Stoess, Aleksandra Leszczynska, Lin Kui, and Ariel E. Feldstein

Subjects
pyroptosis, gasdermins, liver, steatotic liver disease, steatohepatitis, MASH, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

In recent years, there has been a rapid expansion in our understanding of regulated cell death, leading to the discovery of novel mechanisms that govern diverse cell death pathways. One recently discovered type of cell death is pyroptosis, initially identified in the 1990s as a caspase-1-dependent lytic cell death. However, further investigations have redefined pyroptosis as a regulated cell death that relies on the activation of pore-forming proteins, particularly the gasdermin family. Among the key regulators of pyroptosis is the inflammasome sensor NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), a critical innate immune sensor responsible for regulating the activation of caspase-1 and gasdermin D. A deeper understanding of pyroptosis and its interplay with other forms of regulated cell death is emerging, shedding light on a complex regulatory network controlling pore-forming proteins and cell fate. Cell death processes play a central role in diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, autoinflammatory disorders, and cancer. Cell death often acts as a starting point in these diseases, making it an appealing target for drug development. Yet, the complete molecular mechanisms are not fully understood, and new discoveries reveal promising novel avenues for therapeutic interventions. In this review, we summarize recent evidence on pathways and proteins controlling pyroptosis and gasdermins. Furthermore, we will address the role of pyroptosis and the gasdermin family in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatohepatitis. Additionally, we highlight new potential therapeutic targets for treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and other inflammatory-associated diseases.

Published
2023
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25. Author Correction: High p16 expression and heterozygous RB1 loss are biomarkers for CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in ER+ breast cancer

Author

Palafox, Marta, Monserrat, Laia, Bellet, Meritxell, Villacampa, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Abel, Oliveira, Mafalda, Brasó-Maristany, Fara, Ibrahimi, Nusaibah, Kannan, Srinivasaraghavan, Mina, Leonardo, Herrera-Abreu, Maria Teresa, Òdena, Andreu, Sánchez-Guixé, Mònica, Capelán, Marta, Azaro, Analía, Bruna, Alejandra, Rodríguez, Olga, Guzmán, Marta, Grueso, Judit, Viaplana, Cristina, Hernández, Javier, Su, Faye, Lin, Kui, Clarke, Robert B., Caldas, Carlos, Arribas, Joaquín, Michiels, Stefan, García-Sanz, Alicia, Turner, Nicholas C., Prat, Aleix, Nuciforo, Paolo, Dienstmann, Rodrigo, Verma, Chandra S., Lopez-Bigas, Nuria, Scaltriti, Maurizio, Arnedos, Monica, Saura, Cristina, and Serra, Violeta

Published
2022
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27. High p16 expression and heterozygous RB1 loss are biomarkers for CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in ER+ breast cancer

Author

Palafox, Marta, Monserrat, Laia, Bellet, Meritxell, Villacampa, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Abel, Oliveira, Mafalda, Brasó-Maristany, Fara, Ibrahimi, Nusaibah, Kannan, Srinivasaraghavan, Mina, Leonardo, Herrera-Abreu, Maria Teresa, Òdena, Andreu, Sánchez-Guixé, Mònica, Capelán, Marta, Azaro, Analía, Bruna, Alejandra, Rodríguez, Olga, Guzmán, Marta, Grueso, Judit, Viaplana, Cristina, Hernández, Javier, Su, Faye, Lin, Kui, Clarke, Robert B., Caldas, Carlos, Arribas, Joaquín, Michiels, Stefan, García-Sanz, Alicia, Turner, Nicholas C., Prat, Aleix, Nuciforo, Paolo, Dienstmann, Rodrigo, Verma, Chandra S., Lopez-Bigas, Nuria, Scaltriti, Maurizio, Arnedos, Monica, Saura, Cristina, and Serra, Violeta

Published
2022
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34. Cu-Based Bubble and Ion Sieve for Ampere-Level Hydrogen Evolution

Author

Yan, Siwei, primary, Cheng, Chuan-Qi, additional, Zhang, Fei-Fei, additional, Zhang, Zeyu, additional, Lin, Kui, additional, Yin, Pengfei, additional, Zhang, Rui, additional, Yang, Jing, additional, Dong, Cunku, additional, Mao, Jing, additional, Liu, Hui, additional, and Du, Xi-Wen, additional

Published
2024
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39. Filter Based Methods For Statistical Linear Inverse Problems

Author

Iglesias, Marco A., Lin, Kui, Lu, Shuai, and Stuart, Andrew M.

Subjects
Mathematics - Statistics Theory
Abstract

Ill-posed inverse problems are ubiquitous in applications. Under- standing of algorithms for their solution has been greatly enhanced by a deep understanding of the linear inverse problem. In the applied communities ensemble-based filtering methods have recently been used to solve inverse problems by introducing an artificial dynamical sys- tem. This opens up the possibility of using a range of other filtering methods, such as 3DVAR and Kalman based methods, to solve inverse problems, again by introducing an artificial dynamical system. The aim of this paper is to analyze such methods in the context of the ill-posed linear inverse problem. Statistical linear inverse problems are studied in the sense that the observational noise is assumed to be derived via realization of a Gaussian random variable. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of filter based methods for these inverse problems. Rigorous convergence rates are established for 3DVAR and for the Kalman filters, including minimax rates in some instances. Blowup of 3DVAR and a variant of its basic form is also presented, and optimality of the Kalman filter is discussed. These analyses reveal a close connection between (iterative) regularization schemes in deterministic inverse problems and filter based methods in data assimilation. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the theory.

Published
2015

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