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Traditionally, single‐beam echo sounder (SBES) data are used to determine the position of emission structures in the form of a two‐dimensional profile, which may not be straightforward enough to correlate the data of adjacent profiles and determine the exact discharge area. In this study, we develop semiautomatic software to remove noise and select possible flare signals to enhance the speed and precision of the data processing. The program also allows for the transformation of the data into a three‐dimensional point cloud distribution by computing the receiving angle of the data. By applying this method to investigate the distribution and mechanism of gas emission structures in the South Okinawa Trough (SOT), we determine four high flux areas and 22 isolated plumes with roots. Widespread gas flares usually occur in areas with large‐scale volcanic activity or gas‐enriched structures. Isolated gas plumes could be found for a single knoll outcrop and normal faulting structures. The energy of the flares around the knoll area is generally stronger than that observed along the normal faults. Compared with other geophysical data, we find that the widespread distribution of gas flares generally implies a larger hydrothermal potential, which may not be revealed by single‐profile acoustic image observations. We also find that the direction of flares is strongly influenced by tides, and the height of the flare represents the thermocline as a strong boundary for bubbles composited by carbon dioxide. Plain Language Summary: This study introduces a new method using SBES data to analyze gas emission structures in the South Okinawa Trough. By developing specialized software, the researchers enhance the speed and precision of data processing, allowing for the identification of high flux areas and isolated plumes. The study reveals that widespread gas flares indicate significant hydrothermal potential, influenced by tides and thermocline height. This research expands our understanding of gas emissions in the region. Key Points: The precise range and magnitude of gas discharges in the southern Okinawa Trough are determined by processing the SBES dataThe magnitude and intensity of gas discharges can be attributed to volcanic fluid activity or structural faultsThe three‐dimensional flares observed in the water column illustrate the impact of tides on the upward movement of gas plumes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between destination attachment, tourists' experiences of historical guesthouses, satisfaction and revisit intention. Historical guesthouses of Kinmen County, Taiwan were the setting for the investigation. A total of 346 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Results showed that accommodation experiences can significantly mediate the relationships between destination attachment and the evaluations of historical guesthouses. Perceptions of human interactions between tourists and the service providers at historical guesthouses were critical for creating a highly favorable accommodation experience. The physical environment, human interactions, and satisfaction all had significant positive effects on revisit intention, with the perceptions of human interactions greatly influencing revisit intention. This study provides meaningful management implications for both the hospitality and tourism industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundVideo and mobile games have been shown to have a positive impact on behavior change in children. However, the potential impact of game play patterns on outcomes of interest are yet to be understood, especially for games with implicit learning components. ObjectiveThis study investigates the immediate impact of fooya!, a pediatric dietary mobile game with implicit learning components, on food choices. It also quantifies children’s heterogeneous game play patterns using game telemetry and determines the effects of these patterns on players’ food choices. MethodsWe analyzed data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 104 children, aged 10 to 11 years, randomly assigned to the treatment group (played fooya!, a dietary mobile game developed by one of the authors) or the control group (played Uno, a board game without dietary education). Children played the game for 20 minutes each in two sessions. After playing the game in each session, the children were asked to choose 2 out of 6 food items (3 healthy and 3 unhealthy choices). The number of healthy choices in both sessions was used as the major outcome. We first compared the choice and identification of healthy foods between treatment and control groups using statistical tests. Next, using game telemetry, we determined the variability in game play patterns by quantifying game play measures and modeled the process of game playing at any level across all students as a Markov chain. Finally, correlation tests and regression models were used to establish the relationship between game play measures and actual food choices. ResultsWe saw a significant main effect of the mobile game on number of healthy foods actually chosen (treatment 2.48, control 1.10; P

Background: Influenza B accounts for approximately one fourth of the seasonal influenza burden. However, research on the importance of influenza B has received less attention compared to influenza A. We sought to describe the association of both coinfections and comorbidities with disease severity among adults presenting to emergency departments (ED) with influenza B. Methods: Nasopharyngeal samples from patients found to be influenza B positive in four US and three Taiwanese ED over four consecutive influenza seasons (2014–2018) were tested for coinfections with the ePlex RP RUO panel. Multivariable logistic regressions were fitted to model adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for two severity outcomes separately: hospitalization and pneumonia diagnosis. Adjusting for demographic factors, underlying health conditions, and the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), we estimated the association of upper respiratory coinfections and comorbidity with disease severity (including hospitalization or pneumonia). Results: Amongst all influenza B positive individuals (n = 446), presence of another upper respiratory pathogen was associated with an increased likelihood of hospitalization (aOR = 2.99 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.14–7.85, p = 0.026]) and pneumonia (aOR = 2.27 [95% CI: 1.25–4.09, p = 0.007]). Chronic lung diseases (CLD) were the strongest predictor for hospitalization (aOR = 3.43 [95% CI: 2.98–3.95, p < 0.001]), but not for pneumonia (aOR = 1.73 [95% CI: 0.80–3.78, p = 0.166]). Conclusion: Amongst ED patients infected with influenza B, the presence of other upper respiratory pathogens was independently associated with both hospitalization and pneumonia; presence of CLD was also associated with hospitalization. These findings may be informative for ED clinician's in managing patients infected with influenza B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]