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[Resumen] Avanzada la segunda mitad del siglo XX, surge a nivel mundial un nuevo equipamiento sanitario de pequeña escala, puramente contemporáneo, que cubre las necesidades de la recién llegada atención primaria: el centro de salud. A lo largo del paisaje gallego se construye una red de equipamientos públicos al servicio de la atención primaria de gran calidad arquitectónica promovidos por el Servizo Galego de Saúde de la Consellería de Sanidade de la Xunta de Galicia. Un estudio crítico de estos centros puede evidenciar la evolución de la arquitectura contemporánea en la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia. Para ello, se analiza la carga contextual, la carga formal de la arquitectura experimental y el valor sostenible como razón fundamental de proyecto de las obras seleccionadas y construidas entre 1989 y 2019, desde la creación del Servicio Galego de Saúde hasta la pandemia por COVID-19., [Resumo] A finais da segunda metade do século XX, xurde en todo o mundo un novo equipamento sanitario de pequena escala, puramente contemporáneo, que cubre as necesidades da recén chegaga atención primaria: o centro de saúde. En toda a paisaxe galega constrúese unha rede de equipamentos públicos o servizo da atención primaria de gran calidade arquitectónica, promovidos polo Servizo Galego de Saúde da Consellería de Sanidade da Xunta de Galicia. Un estudo crítico destes centros pode evidenciar a evolución da arquitectura contemporánea na Comunidade Autónoma de Galicia. Para iso, analízase a carga contextual, a carga formal da arquitectura experimental e o valor sostible como razón fundamental de proxecto das obras seleccionadas e construídas entre 1989 e 2019, desde a creación do Servizo Galego de Saúde ata a pandemia por COVID-19., [Abstract] Half-way through the 20th Century, an entirely new low-scale contemporary sanitary equipment arises around world covering the necessities of the just arrived primary healthcare: the health centre. Along the Galician scenery, a web of public equipments devoted to the primary healthcare of great architectural quality are built promoted by the Galician Healthcare Service of the Xunta de Galicia’s Healthcare Office (Servizo Galego de Saúde de la Consellería de Sanidade de la Xunta de Galicia). A critical analysis of these facilities can reveal the evolution of contemporary architecture in the Autonomous Community of Galicia. In order to do so, it is analysed the contextual burden, the formal burden of experimental architecture and the sustainable value as fundamental project’s reason for the selected constructions built between 1989 and 2019, since the creation of the Galician Healthcare Service until the COVID-19 pandemic.

[Background]: Crohn’s disease (CD) exacerbation is marked by an intense cellular trafficking. We set out to determine the specific impact of biologic therapies on regulating chemokine network gene expression in healthy, mildly and severely inflamed tissue of CD patients., [Methods]: Twenty CD patients on biologics (adalimumab, ustekinumab, vedolizumab) or untreated undergoing colonoscopy due to clinical symptoms of flare. Healthy, mildly and severely inflamed ileum biopsies from each patient were collected. Chemokines and receptors gene expression was analyzed and a STRING analysis for functional enrichment was performed., [Results]: The chemokine network exhibited wide transcriptional differences among tissues in active untreated patients, whereas all biologic treatments reduced these differences and homogenized their transcriptional activity. In mildly inflamed tissue, all treatments showed gene upregulation while ustekinumab additionally maintained the downregulation of genes such as CCL2, CCL3, CCL17 or CCL23, involved in T cell chemotaxis, inflammatory monocyte and NK trafficking. In severely inflamed tissue, all treatments shared a downregulatory effect on chemokines controlling T cell response (i.e. CXCL16, CXCR3). Adalimumab and vedolizumab significantly reduced the expression of genes promoting antigen presentation by DCs and the initiation of leukocyte extravasation (i.e. CXCL12, CCL25, CCR7). Ustekinumab significantly reduced genes positively regulating Th1 cytokine production and IL-8 mediated signaling (i.e. IL1B, XCL1, CXCR1, CXCR2)., [Conclusion]: Biologic therapies differentially target the chemokine network gene expression profile in the ileal tissue of active CD patients. These results may contribute to better understanding cell homing and to defining future personalized therapeutic strategies for CD patients.

Background. The COVID-19 lockdown has had a significant impact on mental health. Patients with eating disorders (ED) have been particularly vulnerable. Aims. (1) To explore changes in eating-related symptoms and general psychopathology during lockdown in patients with an ED from various European and Asian countries; and (2) to assess differences related to diagnostic ED subtypes, age, and geography. Methods. The sample comprised 829 participants, diagnosed with an ED according to DSM-5 criteria from specialized ED units in Europe and Asia. Participants were assessed using the COVID-19 Isolation Scale (CIES). Results. Patients with binge eating disorder (BED) experienced the highest impact on weight and ED symptoms in comparison with other ED subtypes during lockdown, whereas individuals with other specified feeding and eating disorders (OFSED) had greater deterioration in general psychological functioning than subjects with other ED subtypes. Finally, Asian and younger individuals appeared to be more resilient. Conclusions. The psychopathological changes in ED patients during the COVID-19 lockdown varied by cultural context and individual variation in age and ED diagnosis. Clinical services may need to target preventive measures and adapt therapeutic approaches for the most vulnerable patients.

Confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have a serious and complex impact on the mental health of patients with an eating disorder (ED) and of patients with obesity. The present manuscript has the following aims: (1) to analyse the psychometric properties of the COVID Isolation Eating Scale (CIES), (2) to explore changes that occurred due to confinement in eating symptomatology; and (3) to explore the general acceptation of the use of telemedicine during confinement. The sample comprised 121 participants (87 ED patients and 34 patients with obesity) recruited from six different centres. Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) tested the rational-theoretical structure of the CIES. Adequate goodness-of-fit was obtained for the confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach alpha values ranged from good to excellent. Regarding the effects of confinement, positive and negative impacts of the confinement depends of the eating disorder subtype. Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and with obesity endorsed a positive response to treatment during confinement, no significant changes were found in bulimia nervosa (BN) patients, whereas Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) patients endorsed an increase in eating symptomatology and in psychopathology. Furthermore, AN patients expressed the greatest dissatisfaction and accommodation difficulty with remote therapy when compared with the previously provided face-to-face therapy. The present study provides empirical evidence on the psychometric robustness of the CIES tool and shows that a negative confinement impact was associated with ED subtype, whereas OSFED patients showed the highest impairment in eating symptomatology and in psychopathology.

El objetivo principal del presente estudio es analizar la validez del método Kansei para mejorar la gestión de los procesos de participación ciudadana en el diseño de espacios públicos. El trabajo, con la finalidad de alcanzar este objetivo, se estructura en cinco capítulos. En el primero se realiza un análisis de lo que se entiende como participación ciudadana, su evolución histórica, el marco político-jurídico, las distintas formas de participación, y las diferentes metodologías empleadas para recoger la "voz del usuario" y su contextualización en el marco del diseño de la arquitectura urbana, en concreto en el diseño de espacios públicos. En el segundo capítulo se describe el concepto de ingeniería Kansei, revisando algunos trabajos previos en diferentes ámbitos de aplicación. El tercer capítulo detalla la metodología del trabajo de campo desarrollado (encuestas a usuarios para analizar las percepciones de estos ante diferentes espacios públicos), siendo el cuarto capítulo la exposición de los resultados de dicho trabajo de campo. Por fin, en el último capítulo se exponen las conclusiones del estudio y se definen futuras líneas de investigación que pueden derivarse del trabajo realizado.