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Purpose: The present study investigated the association between Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE)-estimated cardiovascular risk and carotid stiffening in a middle-aged population using ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV).Methods: This study enrolled 683 participants without known cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus who underwent ufPWV measurements. Clinical interviews, physical examinations, laboratory findings, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) at the beginning of systole (PWV-BS), and PWV at the end of systole (PWV-ES) were assessed. Each participant underwent an assessment of SCORE risk based on major cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), including age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and total cholesterol (TC). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals and ordinal logistic regression were used. Overall CVRFs were adjusted to assess ORs.Results: cIMT and carotid stiffening in PWV-BS and PWV-ES were significantly different between sex subgroups (all P0.05).Conclusion: Carotid stiffening quantified by ufPWV is linked to SCORE categories, and elevated PWV-ES may aid in cardiovascular risk stratification.

Fluorescence imaging has been an indispensable tool to provide dynamic information about the localization and quantity of organisms. Meanwhile, due to the intrinsic hollow structure and modularized biofunctionalities, polymer vesicles have been widely applied in biomedical field. However, most polymer vesicles are embedded with organic fluorophores for fluorescence imaging, which have certain drawbacks such as leakage and possible cytotoxicity. Here, we present a biodegradable polypeptide-based vesicle with intrinsic blue fluorescence without introducing any fluorophore for real-time visualization of antibacterial process. Through modular design to integrate multiple functional fragments, poly(e-caprolactone)-block-poly(tryptophan)-block-poly(lysine-stat-phenylalanine) [PCL25-b-PTrp2-b-P(Lys13-stat-Phe4)] was synthesized, where PCL chains form the hydrophobic membrane, P(Lys-stat-Phe) and PTrp provide intrinsic fluorescence and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. It is noteworthy that the fluorescence emission was shifted from invisible ultraviolet range of amino acids to visible range (emission maximum at 436 nm), which makes it possible to visualize the antibacterial process. In addition, through utilizing the intrinsic fluorescence of vesicles, confocal fluorescent imaging of vesicles with bacteria validated the specific adhesion of vesicle towards bacteria, and the bacterial death through membrane disruption. Overall, we provided a novel approach to developing biodegradable fluorescent polypeptide-based vesicles for real-time visualization of antibacterial process.

To evaluate carotid stiffening in participants without conventional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) by using ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV). The present study enrolled 517 participants without conventional CVRFs (CVRF-Free total population). Subjects in this population were defined as current non-smokers with untreated blood pressure

To evaluate the value of ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV) for the quantitative assessment of carotid stiffness and its associated with atherosclerosis (AS) risk. The present study included 233 patients with hyperlipoidaemia (AS risk group) and 114 healthy adults as the control group. The carotid (n = 694) intima-media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity-beginning of systole (PWV-BS) and pulse wave velocity-end of systole (PWV-ES) were measured on sample images. Differences, distributive characteristics and correlation evaluation were assessed in patients (ages 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69 and ≥70) and carotids (control group vs AS risk group). The cIMT, PWV-BS and PWV-ES increased with age; PWV-ES and cIMT showed an early significant increase in the 30–39 years group, whereas PWV-BS displayed a significant increase at 40–49 years compared with the 18- to 29-years group. Besides, PWV-ES correlated well with age compared with PWV-BS and cIMT. For carotid level, cIMT, PWV-BS and PWV-ES measurements were higher in the AS risk group compared with control. To compare the value of ufPWV and cIMT in early AS assessment, we subdivided groups into cIMT subgroups using a cut-off thickness of 0.050 cm. PWV-ES measurements were higher in the AS risk group compared with the control in the 0.040–0.050 cm (not thickened) and 0.051–0.060 cm (thickened) cIMT subgroups. Carotid ufPWV measurement at PWV-ES is a novel modality for the early diagnosis and quantitative assessment of arterial stiffness associated with atherosclerotic risk. • ufPWV technique is real-time and well repeatable for assessing carotid stiffness • ufPWV measurements increase and correlate well with age • PWV-ES is a quantitative predictor for the early assessment of AS

To determine the performance of chemical shift signal intensity index (CS-SII) values for distinguishing minimal-fat renal angiomyolipoma (mfAML) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to assess RCC subtype characterisation. We identified eligible studies on CS magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) of focal renal lesions via PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. CS-SII values were extracted by lesion type and evaluated using linear mixed model-based meta-regression. RCC subtypes were analysed. Two-sided p value

The integrity of the corticospinal tract (CST) is significantly affected following basal ganglia haemorrhage. We aimed to assess the local features of CST and to effectively predict motor function by diffusion characteristics of CST in patients with motor injury following acute haemorrhage in the acute basal ganglia region. We recruited 37 patients with paresis of the lateral limbs caused by acute basal ganglia haemorrhage. Based on the automated fiber quantification method to track CST, assessed the character of each CST segment between the affected and contralateral sides, and correlated these with the Fugl–Meyer (FM) and Barthel Index (BI) scores at 6 months after onset. The fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the injured side of CST showed a significantly lower FA than the contralateral side along the tract profiles (p

Purpose To compare hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (HyCoSy) and magnetic resonance-hysterosalpingography (MR-HSG) in the diagnosis of fallopian tubal patency. Materials and methods The databases of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for records up to November 30, 2019. Studies involved in the diagnostic detection of HyCoSy or MR-HSG for fallopian tubal patency using conventional HSG or laparoscopy as the reference test were included. Data was analyzed by meta-analysis. We compared sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) plots of both HyCoSy and MR-HSG. Quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Results The analysis included 24 articles involving 1340 patients. HyCoSy was studied in 17 studies, and MR-HSG was studied in seven studies. For HyCoSy in diagnosis of fallopian tubal patency, pooled sensitivity was 89 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 87 %–91 %), and specificity was 93 % (95 % CI, 91 %–94 %). For MR-HSG in diagnosis of fallopian tubal patency, pooled sensitivity was 100 % (95 % CI, 98 %–100 %), and specificity was 82 % (95 % CI, 74 %–89 %). The sROC showed similar diagnostic accuracy for MR-HSG and HyCoSy. 3D/4D HyCoSy with ultrasound microbubbles had equal sensitivity (95 % vs. 100 %, P = 0.186) and significantly higher specificity (94 % vs. 82 %, P = 0.005) compared with MR-HSG. Conclusions HyCoSy and MR-HSG showed similar overall diagnostic performance for diagnosing fallopian tubal patency. 3D/4D HyCoSy with ultrasound microbubbles could significantly improve the diagnostic specificity of HyCoSy.

To assess the role of time-intensity curves (TICs) of the normal peripheral zone (PZ) in the identification of biopsy-proven prostate nodules using contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CETRUS). This study included 132 patients with 134 prostate PZ nodules. Arrival time (AT), peak intensity (PI), mean transit time (MTT), area under the curve (AUC), time from peak to one half (TPH), wash in slope (WIS) and time to peak (TTP) were analyzed using multivariate linear logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to assess whether combining nodule TICs with normal PZ TICs improved the prediction of prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness. The PI, AUC (p p = 0.011 and 0.040 respectively) values of the malignant nodules were significantly higher than those of the benign nodules. Incorporating the PI and AUC values (both, p p = 0.076 and 0.159 respectively), significantly improved the AUC for prediction of malignancy (PI: 0.784–0.923; AUC: 0.758–0.891) and assessment of cancer aggressiveness (p

The La1-xSrxCoO3(x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) samples were prepared by solid-state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction patterns show that the samples are ofR-3cspacegroup and the relative intensity of (024) plane diffraction peak increases with the increase of Sr concentration. The x-ray absorption fine structure data of Co ions can be fitted with 2 and 3 different scattering paths for the samples withx=0, 0.1 and forx=0.2 and 0.3, respectively. A new peak arises in x-ray absorption spectra of O ions. These results suggest a relationship between the variations of electron densities and local structure distortion. Both the valence band photoemission and x-ray absorption spectra indicate the existence of possible phase separation scenario that comes from the different types of Co-O bonds which coexist in one sample.

To study the performance of auxiliary power unit in extended range electric vehicle, simulation model of auxiliary power unit and its control system are established with MATLAB/Simulink. The method of decoupling control achieved engine speed control and generator torque control. Finally actual power responds change of required power quickly.

Experimental study on the catalytic activity of Cu&Fe molecular sieve catalyst with different NSR on NOx conversion efficiency, and explore the influence of temperature and airspeed to ammonia storage characteristics, analysis the relationship between the ammonia storage amount and the NOx conversion efficiency. The experimental result shows that: The catalytic activity can be more than 90% when the catalyst at 300°C-400°C, and an appropriate increase in NSR can improve the NOx conversion efficiency. The influence of temperature on the characteristics of the reservoir ammonia greater than the airspeed, At 200°C-250°C, the NOx conversion efficiency and the amount of ammonia storage linear relationship. Use dynamic variable gain feedback control SCR system urea injection system, which effectively control the ammonia leak to make it satisfy China-V emission regulations.

APU(Auxiliary Power Unit) control strategy was designed by the target of actual output power following the demanded power and the fuel consumption minimum. The preset demanded power of the entire vehicle has been decoupling controlled, using PID control algorithm to control the speed of the engine and vector control algorithm to control torque of generator, to realize decoupling control of the demanded power. Simulation result and bench test verified control strategy and achieved the goal of vehicle fuel saving 20% by nine “NEDC” cycles.

At all-state test of SCR system，the maximum NOx emission value occurs at 1100r/min and 50% of The throttle opening degree condition. The NOx emission value is 2611.08ppm. During simulation research, Influencing factors such as urea spray, reaction temperature, space velocity and NH3/NOx concentration proportion are elaborated. During 0.4s simulation cycle, it shows better atomize results and better homogeneity. The reaction temperature on catalyst is kept at 319oC value which is helpful for continuous SCR reaction. NH3/NO concentration proportion is kept from 0.2 to 0.3, which NOx reduction rate is from 65% to 75% in accordance with test results on the base of 1200r/min condition. The research can provide references for optimization on compact SCR system.

In this paper we mainly use the SCR system to do some ESC experiments for reducing NOx emissions. The main purpose of the experiments is to improve the ability of SCR system to reduce NOx emissions. The main research works are focused on the following aspects: First we could get the NOx emissions content for original machine and the theoretical demand content for urea by the emission experiment of original machine. Then on the condition of SCR catalyst is not installed, we could get the NOx emissions content by injecting a certain amount of urea. Based on the above experiments we could get the experimental results for NOx emissions by installing SCR catalyst and using the DCU to control urea injecting.

The combustion models for HCCI engines which based on CHEMKIN4.0 have been modified and integrated, and a simulation system including a single-zone model has been developed, which could rapidly bring accurate information for prediction of ignition point and control of emissions.

In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts of the reaction principle of Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst with the NO, and the preparation of Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst is also investigated. And the NOx conversion efficiency of Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst is analyzed with the experiment. Compared to V2O5/WO3/TiO2catalyst, the reaction activity of Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst at low temperature is much better, while the range of reaction activity temperature of V2O5/WO3/TiO2catalyst is relatively wide. Finally, with the diesel engine ESC test, the Cu-ZSM-5 Catalyst for SCR system can effectively reduce the NOx emissions, and the diesel engine which is installed the SCR is able to achieve the requirements of Euro Ⅳ for NOx limits.

Nowadays when automobiles become popular to millions of households, its hidden trouble of road safety seems to be more serious. Traffic accidents happen frequently these years with the increase construction of highway and expressway, and they have done great harm to drivers as well as our society. This paper studies the fuzzy control rule of anti-vehicle rear-end collision on the base of Matlab and Simulink software, and the relative measures have also been explored and put forward.