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The loss of sesame capsule seed prior to harvest poses a significant economical challenge in mechanized production. The metabolites involved in capsule closure are still unclear. Using comparative metabolome and transcriptome analysis, this work investigated the molecular regulation and enrichment pathways in two sesame types of indehiscent capsule WanZhi28 (ND) and dehiscent capsule WanZhi2 (WZ2). The findings demonstrated that genes and metabolites were significantly enriched in lignin synthesis-related pathways. Furthermore, data suggests that lipid and sugar metabolism may have an impact on capsule closure. Apart from its function in cell signaling, the latter may contribute to the glycosylation of lignin monomers, while the former may provide ATP for cellular microtubule movement. This work concurrently focused on a large number of differentially expressed transcription factors linked to the sesame capsule's anti-cleft mechanism, providing new evidence for the discovery and use of functional markers and genes for capsule dehiscence. The identification of key pathways and regulatory mechanisms offers valuable information for developing strategies to mitigate seed loss during harvest, ultimately contributing to more efficient and profitable sesame production.

Objective: To explore the effect of Mediterranean diet intervention combined with aerobic exercise training on lipid and glucose metabolism, intestinal flora and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM). Methods: A total of 110patients with T2DM in our hospital from June 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into two groups by random number table method, with 55 cases in each group. The control group was given routine health education, diet and exercise intervention, the observation group was given Mediterranean diet intervention and aerobic exercise training. The indexes of lipid and glucose metabolism [fasting blood glucose（FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose（2hPG), total cholesterol（TC), triglyceride（TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）], intestinal flora, changes in quality of life and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results: After intervention, the level of HDL-C in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, while the levels of FPG, 2hPG, TC, TG and LDL-C were lower than those in the control group（P＜0.05). After intervention, the levels of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the levels of Bifidobacterium were higher than those in the control group（P＜0.05). After intervention, the scores of treatment, psychological spirit, physiological function and social relations in the observation group were higher than those in the control group（P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups（P＞0.05). Conclusion: Mediterranean diet intervention combined with aerobic exercise training can effectively correct the disorder of intestinal flora in patients with T2DM, improve lipid and glucose metabolism, reduce complications and improve the quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]