Search

ObjectiveTo understand the current status of sleep chronotype, sleep duration, and depression among adolescents in Chongqing municipality, and explore the relationship between sleep chronotype, sleep duration, and depression. MethodsFrom December 2021 to January 2022, a total of 4 427 middle and high school students in Chongqing were selected using stratified cluster sampling. The reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess the current status of adolescent sleep chronotype and depression. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the relationship between different demographic characteristics, sleep, and depression. Binary logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between sleep chronotype, sleep duration, and depression. ResultsThe incidence of depressive symptoms among adolescents was 19.90%. The proportions of morning type (M-type), intermediate type (N-type), and evening type (E-type) sleep chronotypes were 17.44%, 62.16%, and 20.40%, respectively. Insufficient sleep accounted for 75.18%. Adolescents who were female, had poor family economic status, had heavy academic burden, had intermediate or evening sleep chronotypes, and had insufficient sleep were at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms. ConclusionIntermediate type, evening type, and insufficient sleep are risk factors for the occurrence of depression among adolescents in Chongqing municipality. Early intervention in adolescent sleep can reduce the risk of depression.

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the interactions between social capital, positive psychological capital, and health-promoting behaviors among elderly residents in nursing homes in the Xiangxi region of China.MethodsA random cluster sampling method was employed to select elderly individuals from 27 nursing homes in the Xiangxi area. Data were collected using the general information questionnaire, the Social Capital Scale, the Positive Psychological Capital Scale, and the Health-Promoting Behaviors Scale. The mediating role of positive psychological capital between social capital and health-promoting behaviors was analyzed.ResultsA total of 341 questionnaires were collected from 27 nursing homes. The data reveals mean scores of 46.83 ± 10.26 for social capital, 72.48 ± 6.39 for positive psychological capital, and 68.25 ± 10.85 for health-promoting behaviors. Mediation analysis shows that the total effect of social capital on health-promoting behaviors was 0.800 (95% CI: 0.726, 0.873), with a direct effect of 0.478 (95% CI: 0.379, 0.577), accounting for 59.75% of the total effect. The indirect effect, mediated by positive psychological capital, was 0.321 (95% CI: 0.233, 0.409), contributing to 40.13% of the total effect.ConclusionPositive psychological capital acts as a mediating variable between social capital and health-promoting behaviors. Future interventions designed to enhance health-promoting behaviors must consider both social and psychological capitals to fully leverage their interplay and further promote healthy aging.

Abstract METTL3 is the catalytic subunit of the methyltransferase complex, which mediates m6A modification to regulate gene expression. In addition, METTL3 regulates transcription in an enzymatic activity-independent manner by driving changes in high-order chromatin structure. However, how these functions of the methyltransferase complex are coordinated remains unknown. Here we show that the methyltransferase complex coordinates its enzymatic activity-dependent and independent functions to regulate cellular senescence, a state of stable cell growth arrest. Specifically, METTL3-mediated chromatin loops induce Hexokinase 2 expression through the three-dimensional chromatin organization during senescence. Elevated Hexokinase 2 expression subsequently promotes liquid-liquid phase separation, manifesting as stress granule phase separation, by driving metabolic reprogramming. This correlates with an impairment of translation of cell-cycle related mRNAs harboring polymethylated m6A sites. In summary, our results report a coordination of m6A-dependent and -independent function of the methyltransferase complex in regulating senescence through phase separation driven by metabolic reprogramming.

Abstract Aberrant glycosylation is a crucial strategy employed by cancer cells to evade cellular immunity. However, it’s unclear whether homologous recombination (HR) status-dependent glycosylation can be therapeutically explored. Here, we show that the inhibition of branched N-glycans sensitizes HR-proficient, but not HR-deficient, epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). In contrast to fucosylation whose inhibition sensitizes EOCs to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy regardless of HR-status, we observe an enrichment of branched N-glycans on HR-proficient compared to HR-deficient EOCs. Mechanistically, BRCA1/2 transcriptionally promotes the expression of MGAT5, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing branched N-glycans. The branched N-glycans on HR-proficient tumors augment their resistance to anti-PD-L1 by enhancing its binding with PD-1 on CD8+ T cells. In orthotopic, syngeneic EOC models in female mice, inhibiting branched N-glycans using 2-Deoxy-D-glucose sensitizes HR-proficient, but not HR-deficient EOCs, to anti-PD-L1. These findings indicate branched N-glycans as promising therapeutic targets whose inhibition sensitizes HR-proficient EOCs to ICB by overcoming immune evasion.

Abstract Background Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (LVR) could significantly improve pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with emphysema. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation (BTVA) on LVR in patients with emphysema at different stage. Methods A systematic search of database including PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library was conducted to determine all the studies about bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation published through Dec 1, 2022. Related searching terms were “lung volume reduction”, “bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation”, “bronchial thermal vapor ablation” “BTVA” and “emphysema”, “efficacy” and”safety”. We used standardized mean difference (SMD) to analyze the summary estimates for BTVA therapy. Results We retrieved 30 records through database search, and 4 trials were selected for meta-analysis, including 112 patients with emphysema. Meta-analysis of the pooled effect showed that levels of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), residual volume (RV), total lung capacity (TLC), 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) were significantly improved in patients with emphysema following BTVA treatment between 6 months vs. baseline. Additionally, no significant changes in FEV1, RV, TLC and SGRQ occurred from 3 to 6 months of follow-up except for 6MWD. The magnitude of benefit was higher at 3 months compared to 6 months. The most common complications at 6 months were treatment-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations (RR: 12.49; 95% CI: 3.06 to 50.99; p

Sugarcane is the most important cash crop for producing sugar and the most promising high-yield bioenergy crop in China. Lai-bin is a major sugarcane growing and karst area in the Guangxi Province of China. However, frequent droughts over the years have caused huge losses on sugarcane production in this region. Therefore, the daily quantitative response mechanisms of sugarcane growth to multiple meteorological drought scenarios were discovered in Lai-bin using the DSSAT−CANEGRO model. The daily Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was developed to detect the possible scenarios of meteorological drought events over the sugarcane growth periods. The results indicate that, in general, the inhibitory effect on sugarcane growth is enhanced by the increase in the intensity and duration of meteorological drought, which involved cane yield (CY), stem height (SH), leaf area index (LAI), and evapotranspiration (ET). Additionally, a light drought at the seedling stage and a light, moderate, and severe drought at the maturity stage give a promotion effect on sugarcane growth, but its overall CY increase rate is less than 5%. The stem elongation stage is the most sensitive period of sugarcane growth to all scenarios of meteorological drought, and the CY reduction rates reached 7.12%, 16.48%, 18.80%, and 29.05%, when the plants suffered from light, moderate, severe, and extreme meteorological droughts, respectively. Alternate drought–flood scenarios presented a facilitating or an inhibiting effect on sugarcane growth during different periods, which cannot be ignored. In conclusion, the quantitative function relationships between meteorological drought and sugarcane growth are revealed by this study.

Glycolytic metabolism enzymes have been implicated in the immunometabolism field through changes in metabolic status. PGK1 is a catalytic enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. Here, we set up a high-throughput screen platform to identify PGK1 inhibitors. DC-PGKI is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of PGK1 with an affinity of Kd = 99.08 nmol/L. DC-PGKI stabilizes PGK1 in vitro and in vivo, and suppresses both glycolytic activity and the kinase function of PGK1. In addition, DC-PGKI unveils that PGK1 regulates production of IL-1β and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Mechanistically, inhibition of PGK1 with DC-PGKI results in NRF2 (nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2, NFE2L2) accumulation, then NRF2 translocates to the nucleus and binds to the proximity region of Il-1β and Il-6 genes, and inhibits LPS-induced expression of these genes. DC-PGKI ameliorates colitis in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. These data support PGK1 as a regulator of macrophages and suggest potential utility of PGK1 inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

BackgroundPeer victimization is a harmful experience that contributed to one's psychological problems, physical health deterioration, and so on. Quality of life (QoL) is an important indicator of adolescent health assessment. To identify potential pathways of positive experiences in preventing peer victimization's detrimental effects and then provide intervention ideas for adolescent health, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between peer victimization and QoL in Chongqing adolescents and discover whether resilience plays a mediating role and positive childhood experiences (PCEs) act as a moderating role in the relationship.MethodsData were the first follow-up of a cohort study conducted in four complete middle schools in two districts of Chongqing, China. Self-designed peer victimization items, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, the Adolescent Quality of Life Scale, and the Benevolent Childhood Experiences Scale were used. We investigated the differences and correlations in peer victimization, QoL, and resilience between the two PCEs groups. Mplus version 8.3 was used to analyze the mediating role of resilience and the moderating role of PCEs in peer victimization and QoL.ResultsPeer victimization, resilience, and QoL differed between the two PCEs groups (P < 0.001). Peer victimization negatively correlated with QoL and resilience, while resilience positively correlated with QoL (P < 0.001). In the models with total QOL as the dependent variable, the indirect effect was −0.431 (8.08% of the total effect) in the low-PCEs group vs. −2.077 (41.97% of the total effect) in the high-PCEs group. In the models with four dimensions of QOL as the dependent variable, the indirect effects ranged from −0.054 to −0.180 (6.07–12.95% of the total effects) in the low-PCEs group and from 0.295 to −0.823 in the high-PCEs group (35.89–68.76% of the total effects). Both total and indirect effects were significant (P < 0.05). In addition, the differences in indirect effects were significant between the two PCEs groups (P < 0.05), while differences in total and direct effects were almost not apparent.ConclusionResilience partially mediated the effect of peer victimization on QoL in Chongqing adolescents, and PCEs moderated this mediation. Schools, families, and society should focus on resilience intervention and prioritize the enhancement of PCEs for improving adolescent QoL.

Abstract Background To investigate the value of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) combined with rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) in diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). Methods Between January 1st 2019 to September 1st 2021, EBUS and VBN examination were performed in expected consecutive patients with PPLs who were admitted to Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (Fujian, China). Finally, based on the calculation of expected diagnostic yield of R-EBUS biopsy and drop out, 198 eligible patients were randomly divided into ROSE group (100 cases) and non-ROSE group (98 cases). The diagnostic yield of brushing and biopsy, the complications, the procedure time, the diagnosis time and expense during diagnosis were analyzed. Results In the ROSE group, the positive rate of EBUS brushing and biopsy were 68%, 84%, respectively. The average procedure time and diagnosis time were 18.6 ± 6.8 min, 3.84 ± 4.28 days, respectively, and the average expense was 643.44 ± 706.56 US.$ (4093.15 ± 4494.67 yuan ¥). In the controls, the positive rate of brushing and biopsy were 44%, 74%, respectively. The average procedure time and diagnosis time were 15.4 ± 5.7 min, 6.46 ± 3.66 days, respectively. And the average expense during diagnosis was 1009.27 ± 713.89 US.$ (6420.28 ± 4541.33 yuan ¥). There was significant difference in the positive rate of EBUS brushing and biopsy, diagnosis time and expense during diagnosis between both groups. And no significant difference was observed in the complications and the procedure time. Additionally, the impact of ROSE on diagnostic yield in right upper lobe and the size of lesion ≤ 2 cm in diameter was significant. Conclusion In combination with ROSE, EBUS could significantly improve the positive rate of diagnosing PPLs, shorten diagnosis time and reduce expense during diagnosis. ROSE will be of great importance in the diagnosis of PPLs and medical resource.

Adolescents are prone to multiple health risk behaviors. These might lead to insufficient sleep, which is inconducive to adolescent growth. Therefore, this study explored the impact of a cluster of adolescent health risk behaviors on sleep time, providing a reference for designing relevant intervention measures. From November to December 2019, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to sample middle and high schools in 4 functional districts of Chongqing, China. A total of 8546 participants were selected for a questionnaire survey. Two-step clustering helped identify the health risk behavior clusters. Multivariate logistic regression models helped examine the association between the different clusters and sleep time. The rate of insufficient sleep was 65.8%. Three types of clusters were identified, namely (1) high-risk (poor) cluster (17.3%), (2) low physical activity (medium) cluster (55.1%), and (3) low-risk (good) cluster (27.6%). The high-risk and low physical activity clusters showed that the adjusted OR values of 1.471 (1.266-1.710) and 1.174 (1.052-1.310) were significantly associated with insufficient sleep ( P

BackgroundInternet addiction has emerged as a major global concern as a potential adverse impact of internet exposure on adolescents. Internet addiction is associated with many demographic variables; however, there is a lack of consensus on its relationship with health literacy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the rates of internet addiction and health literacy level among middle school students (grades 7 to 12) in Chongqing, China, as well as to investigate the association between them.MethodsA cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among 8971 students who were randomly selected by using stratified cluster sampling between November and December 2019. The Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire, Adolescent Health Literacy Scale and a self-designed basic information questionnaire were used to collect data. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the differences in the distribution of internet addiction across health literacy levels as well as some sociodemographic characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between health literacy and internet addiction.ResultsThe prevalence of internet addiction among middle school students in Chongqing was 6.1%. The percentage of the students who spent more than 4 hours online every day in the past week was 14.3%. In addition, 26.7%, 26.0%, 28.3% and 26.3% of the participants reported low functional, interactive, critical and total health literacy, respectively. After adjusting for the confounding effects of demographics, multivariate regression analysis showed that critical health literacy was a protective variable for internet addiction, while functional, and interactive health literacy were the risk variable (PConclusionsThe prevalence of internet addiction among middle school students in Chongqing is relatively high. Internet addiction is strongly negatively associated with critical health literacy, but it is positively associated with functional and interactive health literacy but not total health literacy. This study provides preliminary evidence for the predictive role of health literacy in internet addiction of adolescents.

Purpose: To evaluate the early response of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL). Materials and methods: Forty patients diagnosed with NPC were recruited and divided into complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) group after CRT. All patients underwent IVIM and ASL and the related parameters was obtained. These parameters include pure diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f), average blood flow ( BFavg), minimum blood flow (BFmin), and maximum blood flow (BFmax). Student’s t test was used to compare the difference in ASL and IVIM derived parameters between CR and PR. The Areas under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic performance of each parameter of ASL and IVIM to the treatment outcome. Results: the D value of IVIM in CR group was lower than that of the PR group ( P = 0.014),. Among the parameters of ASL, the BFavg and BFmax of the CR group were higher than those of the PR group(p = 0.004,0.013), but the BFmin had no statistical significance in the two groups（P = 0.54）. AUC of D, BFavg, and BFmax is about 0.731, 0.753, and 0.724, respectively, all of their combined AUC diagnosis was 0.812. Conclusion: The early response of NPC after CRT can predict by IVIM’s diffusion parameters and ASL-related blood flow parameters.

The joint governance of transboundary river pollution is an important means to resolve disputes between upstream and downstream, to achieve regional coordinated development and water environment governance. In this paper, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen are used to measure water quality. Regarding the joint governance of transboundary water pollution as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper employs a difference-in-differences model of causal judgment to assess the effect of the policy on transboundary water quality based on the water quality monitoring week data from 2004 to 2016 in China. The results show that compared with non-trans-provincial rivers, the joint governance of water pollution at the provincial boundary could significantly promote the rise of dissolved oxygen, while reducing the chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions. Additionally, the long-term dynamics based on the dynamic trend suggests that the implementation of this policy has fluctuations in the improvement of dissolved oxygen, but has a strong continuous effect on the reduction of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen. These results stand up to robustness tests. Moreover, the green promotion pressure of officials and stakeholder supervision are important influence mechanisms of transboundary joint pollution control on improving transboundary water quality. An important implication is to provide a long-term way for collaborative water pollution control and solving transboundary water pollution disputes.

The green preparation of metal oxide nanoparticles is an environmentally friendly method, which could reduce the use of toxic solvents and their impact on the environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the green synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using extracts of Hibiscus cannabinus leaves and to evaluate their potential applications in environmental remediation. In this work, ZnO nanoparticles were successfully prepared and thoroughly characterized using UV–vis, Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX). As a result, the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles showed a good adsorption capacity for Congo red (CR), and satisfactory antioxidant and antibacterial activities. They exhibited good adsorption and removal abilities for CR in aqueous solutions. With the conditions optimized, the adsorption kinetics and isotherms were fitted to the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model. The ZnO nanoparticles could also effectively scavenge 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-di(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulphonate) (ABTS) radicals, and appeared to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Based on the identified adsorption capacity, the green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated their potential to be used in the removal of dyeing wastewater and in the further purification of water due to their antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity.

Using the sample of China’s listed companies, this study investigates the effect of corporate innovation on dividend payout policy. We expect that managers from more-innovative firms would have more confidence in future corporate performance, and hence, be more motivated to signal future profitability in stock market through distributing cash dividends. Employing the number of effective patents to measure corporate innovation, we find that the propensity to pay cash dividends is higher among more-innovative firms. Moreover, more-innovative firms usually pay more cash dividends to their shareholders than that of less-innovative firms. The empirical results are robust to different model specifications and to various subsamples based on firm size. This study emphasizes the importance of stimulating corporate innovation in both domestic economic growth and shareholder protection. This study sheds light on the role of corporate innovation in major corporate decisions in China, which is the largest emerging economy in the world. Moreover, the empirical findings of this study also have a policy implication to Chinese regulatory bodies who have been urging firms listed in domestic stock exchanges to pay cash dividends. Regulatory bodies may spend more effort on encouraging innovation, as corporate innovation motivates the managers of listed firms to distribute profits to shareholders.

The full utilization of garlic straw can partially alleviate shortage of feedstuff and waste of resources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of garlic straw as an unconventional feed on yellow-feathered broilers. 360 28-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates (cage) per group, 15 per cage. The 4 groups were as follows: control group (basal diet) and experimental group I (basal diet supplemented with 3% garlic straw powder), II (basal diet supplemented with 6% garlic straw powder) and III (basal diet supplemented with 9% garlic straw powder). There was no significant difference in the initial body weight of the broilers among groups (p > 0.05). The test period was 28 days in total. The experiment results showed that there were no significant difference in the average final weight, ADG, ADFI and F/G among groups (p > 0.05). On the one hand, for the breast muscle, the drip loss of experimental group I, II and III were reduced by 17.24% (p 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of different levels of garlic straw powder can improve meat quality and antioxidant capacity of yellow-feathered broilers without affecting growth performance and intestinal mucosal morphology.

By caching the most popular content into mobile devices, users can retrieve content directly from nearby devices through Device to Device (D2D) communications, which can significantly reduce backhaul traffic and improve network performance. Most existing D2D cache placement strategies are proactive approaches, which cannot deal with the problem of timely cache updating. In this paper, we propose a network coding-based socially-aware D2D caching strategy, which takes geographical proximity and the social relationships of users into consideration. First, a physical D2D network with high communication reliability is built according to the geographical proximity, composed of devices with high probability of communicating to each other through stable D2D communications. According to the social relationship between users within the physical D2D network, we partition the devices into communities and rank the devices within same community by their influence degree. Within a community, each caching decision is made independently according to the user-content contribution degree. To calculate the contribution degree, the impact between devices on requesting same content is modeled using an Indian Buffet Process. Devices cache coded blocks instead of the whole content to improve caching efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy achieves higher cache hit and sum rates compared to other schemes.

Saving energy is an important strategy to address the current energy crisis and environmental degradation. Regarding the pilot policy of the energy quota trading as a quasi-natural experiment by employing a difference-in-differences method, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of this pilot policy on energy saving and its mechanisms based on city-level data in China from 2006 to 2020. We find that the energy quota trading policy can reduce the total energy consumption and energy consumption intensity of pilot cities, and the effect of the policy can gradually strengthen over time. The market-oriented reform of energy factor allocation can effectively promote energy saving and economic growth. These results are convincing through a series of robustness checks. The heterogeneity test shows that the energy quota trading has a significant energy saving effect on economically developed cities, densely populated cities and southern cities, but not in economically underdeveloped cities, sparsely populated cities and northern cities. Further mechanism inspection suggests that the pilot policy of energy quota trading mainly achieves energy conservation through industrial structure upgrading and green technology innovation. Our findings provide a valuable insight for China to control energy consumption and promote the high-quality development of the energy economy.

This study aims to analyze the role of urban resilience in residents’ subjective happiness in China. Results show that the overall urban resilience is a critical factor in improving residents’ subjective happiness, and each sub-class resilience index of cities in the ecological, social, infrastructure, and economic aspects shows positive and significant correlations with residents’ subjective happiness. Heterogeneous results show that the effect of urban resilience is greater for residents with higher education or living in cities with larger population size. The mechanism results show that four possible channels are confirmed. The rise of urban resilience raises residents’ subjective happiness through increasing residents’ income or consumption, improving their health status, and raising their social trust or social integration. The main conclusion drawn from the empirical analysis is that raising urban resilience is an effective strategy to strengthen residents’ subjective happiness.

Abstract The negative photoconductance (NPC) effect, defined as an increase in resistance upon exposure to illumination, holds great potential for application in photoelectric devices. A prepared memristor with the structure of Ag|graphene quantum dots (GQDs)|TiOx|F‐doped SnO2 exhibits typical bipolar resistive switching (RS) memory behavior. The NPC effect is impressively observed in the high resistance state branch of the RS memory, enabling the memristor function to be extended to both memory logic display and multistate data storage. The observed NPC effect is attributed to the excitation, migration, and compensation of oxygen vacancy at the GQDs/TiOx interface, at which the electron transportation is efficiently restricted because of the variation in the charge distribution and electrostatic potential under illumination. Experiments, theoretical calculations, and physical models are used to provide engineer the interface with the aim of building the NPC effect in the memristive device. These results unveil a new horizon on extending the functionality of the memristor.

To investigate the effects of different levels of ramie powder (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich.) (i.e., 0%, 6%, 12% and 24%) on the production performance, serum biochemical indices, antioxidative capacity and intestinal development of Yanling white geese, a total of 256 geese at 56 days of age were randomly divided into four groups and fed a control diet and the control diet supplemented with 6%, 12% and 24% ramie powder, respectively, for 42 days. The results show that dietary supplementation with 12% ramie powder significantly increased the average final weight (p < 0.05) and tended to improve the average daily gain (ADG) and feed/gain ratio (F/G) of the test geese (0.05 < p < 0.10). Moreover, the dietary inclusion of 12 and 24% ramie powder improved meat qualities by reducing the L* value (p < 0.05) and cooking loss (0.05 < p < 0.10) of thigh muscle. Compared with the control group, the ramie powder supplementation at different levels increased the serum activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione, promoting the antioxidative capacity of the body (0.05 < p < 0.10). This study demonstrates that moderate ramie powder is beneficial to the production performance of Yanling white geese and has the potential to be used as a poultry feed ingredient. In conclusion, 12% was the proper supplementation rate of ramie powder in Yanling white geese feed.

Magnolol is a bioactive polyphenolic compound commonly found in Magnolia officinalis. The aim of this study is to clarify the contribution of the magnolol additive on the growth performance of Linwu ducklings aging from 7 to 28 d, comparing to the effects of antibiotic additive (colistin sulphate). A total of 325, 7-d-old ducklings were assigned to 5 groups. Each group had 5 cages with 13 ducklings in each cage. The ducklings in different groups were fed with diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg magnolol additive (MA) (Control, MA100, MA200 and MA300) and 30 mg/kg colistin sulphate (CS30) for 3 weeks, respectively. Parameters regarding to the growth performance, intestinal mucosal morphology, serum biochemical indices, antioxidant and peroxide biomarkers and the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes were evaluated by one way ANOVA analysis. The results showed that 30 mg/kg colistin sulphate, 200 and 300 mg/kg magnolol additive improved the average final weight (P = 0.045), average daily body weight gain (P = 0.038) and feed/gain ratios (P = 0.001) compared to the control group. 200 and 300 mg/kg magnolol additive significantly increased the villus height/crypt depth ratio of ileum, compared to the control and CS30 groups (P = 0.001). Increased serum level of glucose (P = 0.011) and total protein (P = 0.006) were found in MA200 or MA300 group. In addition, comparing to the control and CS30 groups, MA200 or MA300 significantly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (P = 0.038), glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.048) and reduced glutathione (P = 0.039) in serum. Moreover, the serum and hepatic levels of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (P = 0.043 and 0.007, respectively) were lower in all MA groups compared to those of the control and CS30 group. The hepatic mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase-1, catalase and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/erythroid-derived CNC-homology factor were also increased significantly in MA200 and MA300 groups (P < 0.05). Taken together, these data demonstrated that MA was an effective feed additive enhancing the growth performance of Linwu ducklings at 7 to 28 d by improving the antioxidant and intestinal mucosal status. It suggested that MA could be a potential ingredient to replace the colistin sulphate in diets.

Abstract The Rho family GTPases are crucial drivers of tumor growth and metastasis. However, it is difficult to develop GTPases inhibitors due to a lack of well‐characterized binding pockets for compounds. Here, through molecular dynamics simulation of the RhoA protein, a groove around cysteine 107 (Cys107) that is relatively well‐conserved within the Rho family is discovered. Using a combined strategy, the novel inhibitor DC‐Rhoin is discovered, which disrupts interaction of Rho proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs). Crystallographic studies reveal that the covalent binding of DC‐Rhoin to the Cys107 residue stabilizes and captures a novel allosteric pocket. Moreover, the derivative compound DC‐Rhoin04 inhibits the migration and invasion of cancer cells, through targeting this allosteric pocket of RhoA. The study reveals a novel allosteric regulatory site within the Rho family, which can be exploited for anti‐metastasis drug development, and also provides a novel strategy for inhibitor discovery toward “undruggable” protein targets.

The existing literature concentrates on the relationship between amenities and migrants or residents. However, only a few studies have focused on the role of city amenities in determining the intentions of rural-urban migrants. Such a relation is a key issue in Chinese urbanisation development. The current study investigates the effects of urban amenities on the settlement intentions of rural-urban migrants in China. We find that medical amenities have a significantly positive effect on rural-urban migrants' intentions. We also indicate that educational amenities and transportation services attract rural-urban migrants to settle in cities. Furthermore, we explore the heterogeneous effects of amenities on different cohorts by education and age. High- and low-skilled rural-urban migrants focus on transportation amenities, while young and middle-aged migrants are attracted by urban educational amenities. Results suggest that increasing access to urban amenities for rural-urban migrants and improving urban amenities enhance the willingness of rural-urban migrants to stay in cities.

At present, the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics continues to develop and the process of urbanization is rapidly advancing. The construction industry plays an important role in the development of the national economy and the process of urbanization. However, the traditional construction industry has high energy consumption and large pollution, which has brought huge pressure on the ecological environment and is not conducive to the sustainable development of the industry. The transformation and upgrading of the construction industry are an inevitable trend in the development of the industry. Prefabricated building, as a new structure, is a typical green building. This article introduces the development status of prefabricated buildings, and analyzes the influencing factors of their construction costs. The article uses survey method, literature research method, comparative research method, and empirical research method to introduce the development status of prefabricated buildings, and analyzes the factors affecting its construction costs, and concludes that national policies, technologies, and management affect prefabricated building costs. Based on this, we propose countermeasures and suggestions: strengthen macro-control, improve laws and regulations and standards; focus on training professional and technical personnel, improve the level of industry production management; scientific arrangement, strengthen management, improve industrial operations, and conduct empirical analysis.

In this study, magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) nanomaterials were synthesized based on covalent binding of amino Fe3O4 nanoparticles onto the graphene oxide (GO), and the prepared MGO was successfully applied as support for the immobilization of laccase. The MGO-laccase was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Compared with free laccase, the MGO-laccase exhibited better pH and thermal stabilities. The optimum pH and temperature were confirmed as pH 3.0 and 35 °C. Moreover, the MGO-laccase exhibited sufficient magnetic response and satisfied reusability after being retained by magnetic separation. The MGO-laccase maintained 59.8% activity after ten uses. MGO-laccase were finally utilized in the decolorization of dye solutions and the decolorization rate of crystal violet (CV), malachite green (MG), and brilliant green (BG) reached 94.7% of CV, 95.6% of MG, and 91.4% of BG respectively. The experimental results indicated the MGO-laccase nanomaterials had a good catalysis ability to decolorize dyes in aqueous solution. Compared with the free enzyme, the employment of MGO as enzyme immobilization support could efficiently enhance the availability and facilitate the application of laccase.

Radix astragali is widely used either as a single herb or as a collection of herbs in a complex prescription in China. In this study, bovine serum albumin functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (BSA-MN) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) were used to screen and identify bound ligands from the n-butanol part of a Radix astragali extract. The prepared BSA-MN showed sufficient magnetic response for the separation with an ordinary magnet and satisfied reusability. Fundamental parameters affecting the preparation of BSA-MN and the screening efficiency were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, four bound ligands were screened out from the n-butanol part of a Radix astragali extract and identified as genistin (1), calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside (2), ononin (3) and formononetin (4). This effective method could be widely applied for rapid screening and identification of active compounds from complex mixtures without the need for preparative isolation.