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1. Maternal body mass index in early pregnancy is associated with overweight and obesity in children up to 16 years of age

Author

Lisa Önnestam, Orsolya Haahr Vad, Tobias Andersson, Åsa Jolesjö, Jenny Sandegård, and Kristina Bengtsson Boström

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Aims Childhood obesity is an increasing public health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between maternal body mass index in early pregnancy and body mass index in children up to the age of 16 years, and to estimate the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in a rural municipality in Sweden. Methods The study population comprised 312 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinics in Lidköping during the year 1999 and their 319 children. Data on body mass index from antenatal clinics, child health care centres and school health care were used in linear and multinomial logistic regressions adjusted for maternal age, smoking status, and parity. Results Overweight or obesity were found in 23.0% of 16-year-olds. The correlation between maternal and child body mass index at all studied ages was positive and significant. Body mass index in 16-year-old boys showed the strongest correlation with maternal body mass index (adjusted r-square = 0.31). The adjusted relative-risk ratio for 16-year old children to be classified as obese as compared to normal weight, per 1 unit increase in maternal body mass index was 1.46 (95% confidence interval 1.29–1.65, pConclusions This study confirms the correlation between maternal and child body mass index and that obesity can be established early in childhood. Further, we showed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in children, especially in boys, in a Swedish rural municipality. This suggests a need for early intervention in the preventive work of childhood obesity, preferably starting at the antenatal clinic and in child health care centres.

Published
2022

2. National incidence and prevalence of TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas in Sweden

Author

Jeanette Wahlberg, Helena Filipsson Nyström, Lisa Onnestam, Per Dahlqvist, Pia Burman, Katarina Berinder, and Britt Edén Engström

Subjects
Adenoma, Adult, Male, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Pituitary gland, Thyroid Hormones, genetic structures, endocrine system diseases, Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, Prevalence, Thyrotropin, Context (language use), Biochemistry, Endocrinology, Pituitary adenoma, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Pituitary Neoplasms, Registries, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Sweden, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Biochemistry (medical), Thyroid, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, Female, business
Abstract

TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSHomas) are rare. Epidemiological data are scant and there are no reports on national incidence.The objective of the study was to estimate the national Swedish incidence and prevalence of TSHomas.This was an observational study.The study was conducted at tertiary referral centers.The Swedish Pituitary Registry and World Health Organization International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems coding at all university hospitals were used to identify patients diagnosed with TSHomas 1990-2010. The identified patients' medical records were studied until the latest follow-up [median 5.0 years (range1-20 years)].Incidence, prevalence, demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment outcome, and thyroid hormone level at diagnosis were measured.The age-standardized national incidence of 28 TSHoma patients was 0.15 per 1 million inhabitants per year, with an increasing incidence over time (0.05 per 1 million per year in 1990-1994 to 0.26 per 1 million per year in 2005-2009). The national prevalence in 2010 was 2.8 per 1 million inhabitants, in which 0.85 per 1 million had active disease. Most patients (n = 22) underwent pituitary surgery, 5 had radiotherapy, and 6 had somatostatin analogues. Eighteen patients were considered cured at the latest follow-up; 25% remained uncontrolled. Subjects treated for putative primary hyperthyroidism prior to diagnosis had TSH levels more than double those with intact thyroid at diagnosis (P = .013). The median time to diagnosis was longer for women than men (4 vs1 year, P = .026). More women than men were treated surgically (94.1% vs 54.5%, P = .022).This is the first estimate of a national incidence of TSHoma. Additional epidemiological studies are needed to compare these results with other geographical areas. This study suggests an increased incidence of TSHomas, in agreement with reports on other pituitary adenomas.

Published
2013

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