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1. Commissioning and first measurements of the initial X-ray and {\gamma}-ray detectors at FACET-II

Author

Claveria, P. San Miguel, Storey, D., Cao, G. J., Di Piazza, A., Ekerfelt, H., Gessner, S., Gerstmayr, E., Grismayer, T., Hogan, M., Joshi, C., Keitel, C. H., Knetsch, A., Litos, M., Matheron, A., Marsh, K., Meuren, S., O'Shea, B., Reis, D. A., Tamburini, M., Vranic, M., Wang, J., Zakharova, V., Zhang, C., and Corde, S.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The upgraded Facility for Advanced Accelerator Experimental Tests (FACET-II) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has been designed to deliver ultra-relativistic electron and positron beams with unprecedented parameters, especially in terms of high peak current and low emittance. For most of the foreseen experimental campaigns hosted at this facility, the high energy radiation produced by these beams at the Interaction Point will be a valuable diagnostic to assess the different physical processes under study. This article describes the X-ray and {\gamma}-ray detectors installed for the initial phase of FACET-II. Furthermore, experimental measurements obtained with these detectors during the first commissioning and user runs are presented and discussed, illustrating the working principles and potential applications of these detectors., Comment: Proceedings of the Advanced Accelerator Concepts (AAC) Workshop 2022

Published
2023

2. Wakefield Generation in Hydrogen and Lithium Plasmas at FACET-II: Diagnostics and First Beam-Plasma Interaction Results

Author

Storey, D., Zhang, C., Claveria, P. San Miguel, Cao, G. J., Adli, E., Alsberg, L., Ariniello, R., Clarke, C., Corde, S., Dalichaouch, T. N., Ekerfelt, H., Emma, C., Gerstmayr, E., Gessner, S., Gilljohann, M., Hast, C., Knetsch, A., Lee, V., Litos, M., Loney, R., Marsh, K. A., Matheron, A., Mori, W. B., Nie, Z., O'Shea, B., Parker, M., White, G., Yocky, G., Zakharova, V., Hogan, M. J., and Joshi, C.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Plasma Wakefield Acceleration (PWFA) provides ultrahigh acceleration gradients of 10s of GeV/m, providing a novel path towards efficient, compact, TeV-scale linear colliders and high brightness free electron lasers. Critical to the success of these applications is demonstrating simultaneously high gradient acceleration, high energy transfer efficiency, and preservation of emittance, charge, and energy spread. Experiments at the FACET-II National User Facility at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory aim to achieve all of these milestones in a single stage plasma wakefield accelerator, providing a 10 GeV energy gain in a <1 m plasma with high energy transfer efficiency. Such a demonstration depends critically on diagnostics able to measure emittance with mm-mrad accuracy, energy spectra to determine both %-level energy spread and broadband energy gain and loss, incoming longitudinal phase space, and matching dynamics. This paper discusses the experimental setup at FACET-II, including the incoming beam parameters from the FACET-II linac, plasma sources, and diagnostics developed to meet this challenge. Initial progress on the generation of beam ionized wakes in meter-scale hydrogen gas is discussed, as well as commissioning of the plasma sources and diagnostics.

Published
2023

3. Generation of meter-scale hydrogen plasmas and efficient, pump-depletion-limited wakefield excitation using 10 GeV electron bunches

Author

Zhang, C., Storey, D., Claveria, P. San Miguel, Nie, Z., Marsh, K. A., Hogan, M., Mori, W. B., Adli, E., An, W., Ariniello, R., Cao, G. J., Clarke, C., Corde, S., Dalichaouch, T., Doss, C. E., Emma, C., Ekerfelt, H., Gerstmayr, E., Gessner, S., Hansel, C., Knetsch, A., Lee, V., Li, F., Litos, M., O'Shea, B., White, G., Yocky, G., Zakharova, V., and Joshi, Chan

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

High repetition rates and efficient energy transfer to the accelerating beam are important for a future linear collider based on the beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration scheme (PWFA-LC). This paper reports the first results from the Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Collaboration (E300) that are beginning to address both of these issues using the recently commissioned FACET-II facility at SLAC. We have generated meter-scale hydrogen plasmas using time-structured 10 GeV electron bunches from FACET-II, which hold the promise of dramatically increasing the repetition rate of PWFA by rapidly replenishing the gas between each shot compared to the hitherto used lithium plasmas that operate at 1-10 Hz. Furthermore, we have excited wakes in such plasmas that are suitable for high gradient particle acceleration with high drive-bunch to wake energy transfer efficiency -- a first step in achieving a high overall energy transfer efficiency. We have done this by using time-structured electron drive bunches that typically have one or more ultra-high current (>30 kA) femtosecond spike(s) superimposed on a longer (~0.4 ps) lower current (<10 kA) bunch structure. The first spike effectively field-ionizes the gas and produces a meter-scale (30-160 cm) plasma, whereas the subsequent beam charge creates a wake. The length and amplitude of the wake depends on the longitudinal current profile of the bunch and plasma density. We find that the onset of pump depletion, when some of the drive beam electrons are nearly fully depleted of their energy, occurs for hydrogen pressure >1.5 Torr. We also show that some electrons in the rear of the bunch can gain several GeV energies from the wake. These results are reproduced by particle-in-cell simulations using the QPAD code. At a pressure of ~2 Torr, simulations results and experimental data show that the beam transfers about 60% of its energy to the wake.

Published
2023

4. Attosecond-Angstrom free-electron-laser towards the cold beam limit

Author

Habib, A. F., Manahan, G. G., Scherkl, P., Heinemann, T., Sutherland, A., Altuiri, R., Alotaibi, B. M., Litos, M., Cary, J., Raubenheimer, T., Hemsing, E., Hogan, M., Rosenzweig, J. B., Williams, P. H., McNeil, B. W. J., and Hidding, B.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Optics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Electron beam quality is paramount for X-ray pulse production in free-electron-lasers (FELs). State-of-the-art linear accelerators (linacs) can deliver multi-GeV electron beams with sufficient quality for hard X-ray-FELs, albeit requiring km-scale setups, whereas plasma-based accelerators can produce multi-GeV electron beams on metre-scale distances, and begin to reach beam qualities sufficient for EUV FELs. We show, that electron beams from plasma photocathodes many orders of magnitude brighter than state-of-the-art can be generated in plasma wakefield accelerators (PWFA), and then extracted, captured, transported and injected into undulators without quality loss. These ultrabright, sub-femtosecond electron beams can drive hard X-FELs near the cold beam limit to generate coherent X-ray pulses of attosecond-Angstrom class, reaching saturation after only 10 metres of undulator. This plasma-X-FEL opens pathways for novel photon science capabilities, such as unperturbed observation of electronic motion inside atoms at their natural time and length scale, and towards higher photon energies., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures

Published
2022
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5. Probing strong-field QED in beam-plasma collisions

Author

Matheron, A., Claveria, P. San Miguel, Ariniello, R., Ekerfelt, H., Fiuza, F., Gessner, S., Gilljohann, M. F., Hogan, M. J., Keitel, C. H., Knetsch, A., Litos, M., Mankovska, Y., Montefiori, S., Nie, Z., O'Shea, B., Peterson, J. R., Storey, D., Wu, Y., Xu, X., Zakharova, V., Davoine, X., Gremillet, L., Tamburini, M., and Corde, S.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Ongoing progress in laser and accelerator technology opens new possibilities in high-field science, notably to investigate the largely unexplored strong-field quantum electrodynamics (SFQED) regime where electron-positron pairs can be created directly from light-matter or even light-vacuum interactions. Laserless strategies such as beam-beam collisions have also been proposed to access the nonperturbative limit of SFQED. Here we report on a concept to probe SFQED by harnessing the interaction between a high-charge, ultrarelativistic electron beam and a solid conducting target. When impinging onto the target surface, the beam self fields are reflected, partly or fully, depending on the beam shape; in the rest frame of the beam electrons, these fields can exceed the Schwinger field, thus triggering SFQED effects such as quantum nonlinear inverse Compton scattering and nonlinear Breit-Wheeler electron-positron pair creation. Through reduced modeling and kinetic numerical simulations, we show that this single-beam setup can achieve interaction conditions similar to those envisioned in beam-beam collisions, but in a simpler and more controllable way owing to the automatic overlap of the beam and driving fields. This scheme thus eases the way to precision studies of SFQED and is also a promising milestone towards laserless studies of nonperturbative SFQED.

Published
2022
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6. Attosecond-Angstrom free-electron-laser towards the cold beam limit.

Author

Habib, A, Manahan, G, Scherkl, P, Heinemann, T, Sutherland, A, Altuiri, R, Alotaibi, B, Litos, M, Cary, J, Raubenheimer, T, Hemsing, E, Hogan, M, Rosenzweig, J, Williams, P, McNeil, B, and Hidding, B

Subjects
Electrons, Particle Accelerators, X-Rays, Lasers, Photons
Abstract

Electron beam quality is paramount for X-ray pulse production in free-electron-lasers (FELs). State-of-the-art linear accelerators (linacs) can deliver multi-GeV electron beams with sufficient quality for hard X-ray-FELs, albeit requiring km-scale setups, whereas plasma-based accelerators can produce multi-GeV electron beams on metre-scale distances, and begin to reach beam qualities sufficient for EUV FELs. Here we show, that electron beams from plasma photocathodes many orders of magnitude brighter than state-of-the-art can be generated in plasma wakefield accelerators (PWFAs), and then extracted, captured, transported and injected into undulators without significant quality loss. These ultrabright, sub-femtosecond electron beams can drive hard X-FELs near the cold beam limit to generate coherent X-ray pulses of attosecond-Angstrom class, reaching saturation after only 10 metres of undulator. This plasma-X-FEL opens pathways for advanced photon science capabilities, such as unperturbed observation of electronic motion inside atoms at their natural time and length scale, and towards higher photon energies.

Published
2023

7. Chromatic Dynamics of an Electron Beam in a Plasma Based Accelerator

Author

Ariniello, R., Doss, C. E., Lee, V., Hansel, C., Cary, J. R., and Litos, M. D.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

We present a theoretical investigation of the chromatic dynamics of the witness beam within a plasma based accelerator. We derive the single particle motion of an electron in an ion column within a nonlinear, blowout wake including adiabatic dampening and adiabatic variations in plasma density. Using this, we calculate the evolution of the beam moments and emittance for an electron beam. Our model can handle near arbitrary longitudinal phase space distributions. We include the effects of energy change in the beam, imperfect wake loading, initial transverse offsets of the beam, and mismatch between the beam and plasma. We use our model to derive analytic saturation lengths for the projected, longitudinal slice, and energy slice emittance under different beam loading conditions. Further, we show that the centroid oscillations and spot sizes vary between the slices and the variation depends strongly on the beam loading. Next, we show how a beam evolves in a full plasma source with density ramps and show that the integral of the plasma density along the ramp determines the impact on the beam. Finally, we derive several simple scaling laws that show how to design a plasma based injector to produce a target beam energy and energy spread., Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures

Published
2021
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8. Ultrahigh brightness beams from plasma photoguns

Author

Habib, A. F., Heinemann, T., Manahan, G. G., Rutherford, L., Ullmann, D., Scherkl, P., Knetsch, A., Sutherland, A., Beaton, A., Campbell, D., Boulton, L., Nutter, A., Karger, O. S., Litos, M. D., O'Shea, B. D., Andonian, G., Bruhwiler, D. L., Cary, J. R., Hogan, M. J., Yakimenko, V., Rosenzweig, J. B., and Hidding, B.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Plasma photocathodes open a path towards tunable production of well-defined, compact electron beams with normalized emittance and brightness many orders of magnitude better than state-of-the-art. Such beams could have a far-reaching impact on applications such as light sources, but also open up new vistas on high energy physics and high field physics. We report on challenges and details of the proof-of-concept demonstration of a plasma photocathode in 90$^\circ$ geometry at SLAC FACET within the "E-210: Trojan Horse" program. Using this experience, alongside theoretical and simulation-supported advances, we discuss the upcoming "E-310: Trojan Horse-II" program at FACET-II., Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures, 1 table

Published
2021

9. Beam delivery and final focus systems for multi-TeV advanced linear colliders

Author

White, G, Gessner, S, Adli, E, Cao, GJ, Sjobak, K, Barber, S, Schroeder, C, Terzani, D, van Tilborg, J, Esarey, E, Doss, C, Litos, M, Lobach, I, Power, J, and Lindstrøm, CA

Subjects
Affordable and Clean Energy, Beam dynamics, Beam Optics, Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics, single-particle dynamics), Wake-field acceleration (laser-driven, electron-driven), Physical Sciences, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

The Beam Delivery System (BDS) is a critical component of a high-energy linear collider. It transports the beam from the accelerator and brings it to a focus at the Interaction Point. The BDS system includes diagnostic sections for measuring the beam energy, emittance, and polarization, as well as collimators for machine protection. The length of the BDS increases with collision energy. Higher collision energies also require higher luminosities, and this is a significant constraint on the design for energy-frontier machines. Here, we review BDS designs based on traditional quadrupole magnets and examine the challenges involved in extending these to the Multi-TeV regime consistent with requirements for advanced accelerator concepts.

Published
2022

10. Spatiotemporal dynamics of ultrarelativistic beam-plasma instabilities

Author

Claveria, P. San Miguel, Davoine, X., Peterson, J. R., Gilljohann, M., Andriyash, I., Ariniello, R., Ekerfelt, H., Emma, C., Faure, J., Gessner, S., Hogan, M., Joshi, C., Keitel, C. H., Knetsch, A., Kononenko, O., Litos, M., Mankovska, Y., Marsh, K., Matheron, A., Nie, Z., O'Shea, B., Storey, D., Vafaei-Najafabadi, N., Wu, Y., Xu, X., Yan, J., Zhang, C., Tamburini, M., Fiuza, F., Gremillet, L., and Corde, S.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

An electron or electron-positron beam streaming through a plasma is notoriously prone to micro-instabilities. For a dilute ultrarelativistic infinite beam, the dominant instability is a mixed mode between longitudinal two-stream and transverse filamentation modes, with a phase velocity oblique to the beam velocity. A spatiotemporal theory describing the linear growth of this oblique mixed instability is proposed, which predicts that spatiotemporal effects generally prevail for finite-length beams, leading to a significantly slower instability evolution than in the usually assumed purely temporal regime. These results are accurately supported by particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. Furthermore, we show that the self-focusing dynamics caused by the plasma wakefields driven by finite-width beams can compete with the oblique instability. Analyzed through PIC simulations, the interplay of these two processes in realistic systems bears important implications for upcoming accelerator experiments on ultrarelativistic beam-plasma interactions.

Published
2021
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11. All-optical density downramp injection in electron-driven plasma wakefield accelerators

Author

Ullmann, D., Scherkl, P., Knetsch, A., Heinemann, T., Sutherland, A., Habib, A. F., Karger, O. S., Beaton, A., Manahan, G. G., Deng, A., Andonian, G., Litos, M. D., OShea, B. D., Bruhwiler, D. L., Cary, J. R., Hogan, M. J., Yakimenko, V., Rosenzweig, J. B., and Hidding, B.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Injection of well-defined, high-quality electron populations into plasma waves is a key challenge of plasma wakefield accelerators. Here, we report on the first experimental demonstration of plasma density downramp injection in an electron-driven plasma wakefield accelerator, which can be controlled and tuned in all-optical fashion by mJ-level laser pulses. The laser pulse is directed across the path of the plasma wave before its arrival, where it generates a local plasma density spike in addition to the background plasma by tunnelling ionization of a high ionization threshold gas component. This density spike distorts the plasma wave during the density downramp, causing plasma electrons to be injected into the plasma wave. By tuning the laser pulse energy and shape, highly flexible plasma density spike profiles can be designed, enabling dark current free, versatile production of high-quality electron beams. This in turn permits creation of unique injected beam configurations such as counter-oscillating twin beamlets.

Published
2020

12. Dissipation of electron-beam-driven plasma wakes

Author

Zgadzaj, Rafal, Li, Zhengyan, Downer, M. C., Sosedkin, A., Khudyakov, V. K., Lotov, K. V., Silva, T., Vieira, J., Allen, J., Gessner, S., Hogan, M. J., Litos, M., and Yakimenko, V.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Metre-scale plasma wakefield accelerators have imparted energy gain approaching 10 gigaelectronvolts to single nano-Coulomb electron bunches. To reach useful average currents, however, the enormous energy density that the driver deposits into the wake must be removed efficiently between shots. Yet mechanisms by which wakes dissipate their energy into surrounding plasma remain poorly understood. Here, we report ps-time-resolved, grazing-angle optical shadowgraphic measurements and large-scale particle-in-cell simulations of ion channels emerging from broken wakes that electron bunches from the SLAC linac generate in tenuous lithium plasma. Measurements show the channel boundary expands radially at 1 million metres-per-second for over a nanosecond. Simulations show that ions and electrons that the original wake propels outward, carrying 90 percent of its energy, drive this expansion by impact-ionizing surrounding neutral lithium. The results provide a basis for understanding global thermodynamics of multi-GeV plasma accelerators, which underlie their viability for applications demanding high average beam current.

Published
2020
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14. Measurement of transverse wakefields induced by a misaligned positron bunch in a hollow channel plasma accelerator

Author

Lindstrøm, C. A., Adli, E., Allen, J. M., An, W., Beekman, C., Clarke, C. I., Clayton, C. E., Corde, S., Doche, A., Frederico, J., Gessner, S. J., Green, S. Z., Hogan, M. J., Joshi, C., Litos, M., Lu, W., Marsh, K. A., Mori, W. B., O'Shea, B. D., Vafaei-Najafabadi, N., and Yakimenko, V.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Hollow channel plasma wakefield acceleration is a proposed method to provide high acceleration gradients for electrons and positrons alike: a key to future lepton colliders. However, beams which are misaligned from the channel axis induce strong transverse wakefields, deflecting beams and reducing the collider luminosity. This undesirable consequence sets a tight constraint on the alignment accuracy of the beam propagating through the channel. Direct measurements of beam misalignment-induced transverse wakefields are therefore essential for designing mitigation strategies. We present the first quantitative measurements of transverse wakefields in a hollow plasma channel, induced by an off-axis 20 GeV positron bunch, and measured with another 20 GeV lower charge trailing positron probe bunch. The measurements are largely consistent with theory., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letters

Published
2018
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15. Wakefield generation in hydrogen and lithium plasmas at FACET-II: Diagnostics and first beam-plasma interaction results

Author

Storey, D., primary, Zhang, C., additional, San Miguel Claveria, P., additional, Cao, G. J., additional, Adli, E., additional, Alsberg, L., additional, Ariniello, R., additional, Clarke, C., additional, Corde, S., additional, Dalichaouch, T. N., additional, Doss, C. E., additional, Ekerfelt, H., additional, Emma, C., additional, Gerstmayr, E., additional, Gessner, S., additional, Gilljohann, M., additional, Hast, C., additional, Knetsch, A., additional, Lee, V., additional, Litos, M., additional, Loney, R., additional, Marsh, K. A., additional, Matheron, A., additional, Mori, W. B., additional, Nie, Z., additional, O’Shea, B., additional, Parker, M., additional, White, G., additional, Yocky, G., additional, Zakharova, V., additional, Hogan, M. J., additional, and Joshi, C., additional

Published
2024
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16. 9 GeV Energy Gain in a Beam-Driven Plasma Wakefield Accelerator

Author

Litos, M, Adli, E, Allen, J M, An, W, Clarke, C I, Corde, S, Clayton, C E, Frederico, J, Gessner, S J, Green, S Z, Hogan, M J, Joshi, C, Lu, W., Marsh, K A, Mori, W B, Schmeltz, M, Vafaei-Najafabadi, N, and Yakimenko, V

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

An electron beam has gained a maximum energy of 9 GeV per particle in a 1.3 m-long electron beam-driven plasma wakefield accelerator. The amount of charge accelerated in the spectral peak was 28.3 pC, and the root-mean-square energy spread was 5.0%. The mean accelerated charge and energy gain per particle of the 215 shot data set was 115 pC and 5.3 GeV, respectively, corresponding to an acceleration gradient of 4.0 GeV/m at the spectral peak. The mean energy spread of the data set was 5.1%. These results are consistent with the extrapolation of the previously reported energy gain results using a shorter, 36 cm-long plasma source to within 10%, evincing a non-evolving wake structure that can propagate distances of over a meter in length. Wake-loading effects were evident in the data through strong dependencies observed between various spectral properties and the amount of accelerated charge., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, Laser and Plasma Accelerators Workshop (LPAW) 2015 Proceedings

Published
2015
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17. Evidence for high-energy and low-emittance electron beams using ionization injection of charge in a plasma wakefield accelerator

Author

Vafaei-Najafabadi, N., An, W., Clayton, C. E., Joshi, C., Marsh, K. A., Mori, W. B., Welch, E. C., Lu, W., Adli, E., Allen, J., Clarke, C. I., Corde, S., Frederico, J., Gessner, S. J., Green, S. Z., Hogan, M. J., Litos, M. D., and Yakimenko, V.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Ionization injection in a plasma wakefield accelerator was investigated experimentally using two lithium plasma sources of different lengths. The ionization of the helium gas, used to confine the lithium, injects electrons in the wake. After acceleration, these injected electrons were observed as a distinct group from the drive beam on the energy spectrometer. They typically have a charge of tens of pC, an energy spread of a few GeV, and a maximum energy of up to 30 GeV. The emittance of this group of electrons can be many times smaller than the initial emittance of the drive beam. The energy scaling for the trapped charge from one plasma length to the other is consistent with the blowout theory of the plasma wakefield.

Published
2015
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18. Generation of meter-scale hydrogen plasmas and efficient, pump-depletion-limited wakefield excitation using 10 GeV electron bunches

Author

Zhang, Chaojie, primary, Storey, D, additional, San Miguel Claveria, Pablo, additional, Nie, Zan, additional, Marsh, Ken A, additional, Hogan, Mark J, additional, Mori, Warren B, additional, Adli, Erik, additional, An, Weiming, additional, Ariniello, Robert, additional, Cao, Gevy (Jiawei), additional, Clarke, Christine I, additional, Corde, Sebastien, additional, Dalichaouch, Thamine, additional, Doss, Christopher, additional, Emma, Claudio, additional, Ekerfelt, Henrik, additional, Gerstmayr, Elias, additional, Gessner, Spencer J, additional, Hansel, Claire, additional, Knetsch, A, additional, Lee, V, additional, Li, Fei, additional, Litos, M, additional, O Shea, Brendan, additional, White, G, additional, Yocky, G, additional, Zakharova, V, additional, and Joshi, Chan, additional

Published
2024
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22. Betatron radiation and emittance growth in plasma wakefield accelerators

Author

Claveria, P. San Miguel, Adli, E., Amorim, L. D., An, W., Clayton, C. E., Corde, S., Gessner, S., Hogan, M. J., Joshi, C., Kononenko, O., Litos, M., Lu, W., Marsh, K. A., Mori, W. B., O’Shea, B., Raj, G., Storey, D., Vafaei-Najafabadi, N., White, G., Xu, Xinlu, and Yakimenko, V.

Published
2019

23. Search for n-n ¯ oscillation in Super-Kamiokande SEARCH FOR n-n ¯ OSCILLATION IN SUPER-⋯ K. ABE et al.

Author

Abe, K, Hayato, Y, Iida, T, Ishihara, K, Kameda, J, Koshio, Y, Minamino, A, Mitsuda, C, Miura, M, Moriyama, S, Nakahata, M, Obayashi, Y, Ogawa, H, Sekiya, H, Shiozawa, M, Suzuki, Y, Takeda, A, Takeuchi, Y, Ueshima, K, Watanabe, H, Higuchi, I, Ishihara, C, Ishitsuka, M, Kajita, T, Kaneyuki, K, Mitsuka, G, Nakayama, S, Nishino, H, Okumura, K, Saji, C, Takenaga, Y, Clark, S, Desai, S, Dufour, F, Herfurth, A, Kearns, E, Likhoded, S, Litos, M, Raaf, JL, Stone, JL, Sulak, LR, Wang, W, Goldhaber, M, Casper, D, Cravens, JP, Dunmore, J, Griskevich, J, Kropp, WR, Liu, DW, Mine, S, Regis, C, Smy, MB, Sobel, HW, Vagins, MR, Ganezer, KS, Hartfiel, B, Hill, J, Keig, WE, Jang, JS, Jeoung, IS, Kim, JY, Lim, IT, Scholberg, K, Tanimoto, N, Walter, CW, Wendell, R, Ellsworth, RW, Tasaka, S, Guillian, G, Learned, JG, Matsuno, S, Messier, MD, Ichikawa, AK, Ishida, T, Ishii, T, Iwashita, T, Kobayashi, T, Nakadaira, T, Nakamura, K, Nishikawa, K, Nitta, K, Oyama, Y, Suzuki, AT, Hasegawa, M, Maesaka, H, Nakaya, T, Sasaki, T, Sato, H, Tanaka, H, Yamamoto, S, Yokoyama, M, Haines, TJ, Dazeley, S, Hatakeyama, S, Svoboda, R, Sullivan, GW, Gran, R, Habig, A, Fukuda, Y, and Itow, Y

Subjects
hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

A search for neutron-antineutron (n-n¯) oscillation was undertaken in Super-Kamiokande using the 1489 live-day or 2.45×1034 neutron-year exposure data. This process violates both baryon and baryon minus lepton numbers by an absolute value of two units and is predicted by a large class of hypothetical models where the seesaw mechanism is incorporated to explain the observed tiny neutrino masses and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. No evidence for n-n¯ oscillation was found; the lower limit of the lifetime for neutrons bound in O16, in an analysis that included all of the significant sources of experimental uncertainties, was determined to be 1.9×1032years at the 90% confidence level. The corresponding lower limit for the oscillation time of free neutrons was calculated to be 2.7×108s using a theoretical value of the nuclear suppression factor of 0.517×1023s-1 and its uncertainty.

Published
2015

24. Search for n−n¯ oscillation in Super-Kamiokande

Author

Abe, K, Hayato, Y, Iida, T, Ishihara, K, Kameda, J, Koshio, Y, Minamino, A, Mitsuda, C, Miura, M, Moriyama, S, Nakahata, M, Obayashi, Y, Ogawa, H, Sekiya, H, Shiozawa, M, Suzuki, Y, Takeda, A, Takeuchi, Y, Ueshima, K, Watanabe, H, Higuchi, I, Ishihara, C, Ishitsuka, M, Kajita, T, Kaneyuki, K, Mitsuka, G, Nakayama, S, Nishino, H, Okumura, K, Saji, C, Takenaga, Y, Clark, S, Desai, S, Dufour, F, Herfurth, A, Kearns, E, Likhoded, S, Litos, M, Raaf, JL, Stone, JL, Sulak, LR, Wang, W, Goldhaber, M, Casper, D, Cravens, JP, Dunmore, J, Griskevich, J, Kropp, WR, Liu, DW, Mine, S, Regis, C, Smy, MB, Sobel, HW, Vagins, MR, Ganezer, KS, Hartfiel, B, Hill, J, Keig, WE, Jang, JS, Jeoung, IS, Kim, JY, Lim, IT, Scholberg, K, Tanimoto, N, Walter, CW, Wendell, R, Ellsworth, RW, Tasaka, S, Guillian, G, Learned, JG, Matsuno, S, Messier, MD, Ichikawa, AK, Ishida, T, Ishii, T, Iwashita, T, Kobayashi, T, Nakadaira, T, Nakamura, K, Nishikawa, K, Nitta, K, Oyama, Y, Suzuki, AT, Hasegawa, M, Maesaka, H, Nakaya, T, Sasaki, T, Sato, H, Tanaka, H, Yamamoto, S, Yokoyama, M, Haines, TJ, Dazeley, S, Hatakeyama, S, Svoboda, R, Sullivan, GW, Gran, R, Habig, A, Fukuda, Y, and Itow, Y

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

A search for neutron-antineutron (n-n¯) oscillation was undertaken in Super-Kamiokande using the 1489 live-day or 2.45×1034 neutron-year exposure data. This process violates both baryon and baryon minus lepton numbers by an absolute value of two units and is predicted by a large class of hypothetical models where the seesaw mechanism is incorporated to explain the observed tiny neutrino masses and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. No evidence for n-n¯ oscillation was found; the lower limit of the lifetime for neutrons bound in O16, in an analysis that included all of the significant sources of experimental uncertainties, was determined to be 1.9×1032years at the 90% confidence level. The corresponding lower limit for the oscillation time of free neutrons was calculated to be 2.7×108s using a theoretical value of the nuclear suppression factor of 0.517×1023s-1 and its uncertainty.

Published
2015

25. A Search for Nucleon Decay via $n \rightarrow \bar{\nu} \pi^{0}$ and $p \rightarrow \bar{\nu} \pi^{+}$ in Super-Kamiokande

Author

Collaboration, Super-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Iyogi, K., Kameda, J., Koshio, Y., Kozuma, Y., Marti, Ll., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Ueno, K., Ueshima, K., Yamada, S., Yokozawa, T., Ishihara, C., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., Lee, K. P., McLachlan, T., Okumura, K., Shimizu, Y., Tanimoto, N., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Goldhaber, M., Bays, K., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Renshaw, A., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Jang, J. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Albert, J. B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Wendell, R., Wongjirad, T. M., Ishizuka, T., Tasaka, S., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Smith, S. N., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Takeuchi, Y., Ikeda, M., Minamino, A., Nakaya, T., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Mitsuka, G., Tanaka, T., Jung, C. K., Lopez, G. D., Taylor, I., Yanagisawa, C., Ishino, H., Kibayashi, A., Mino, S., Mori, T., Sakuda, M., Toyota, H., Kuno, Y., Yoshida, M., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Yokoyama, M., Totsuka, Y., Martens, K., Schuemann, J., Vagins, M. R., Chen, S., Heng, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Kielczewska, D., Mijakowski, P., Connolly, K., Dziomba, M., Thrane, E., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the results of searches for nucleon decay via bound neutron to antineutrino plus pizero and proton to antineutrino plus piplus using data from a combined 172.8 kiloton-years exposure of Super-Kamiokande-I, -II, and -III. We set lower limits on the partial lifetime for each of these modes. For antineutrino pizero, the partial lifetime is >1.1x10^{33} years; for antineutrino piplus, the partial lifetime is >3.9x10^{32} years at 90% confidence level., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters

Published
2013
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26. Search for Nucleon Decay into Charged Anti-lepton plus Meson in Super-Kamiokande I and II

Author

Collaboration, Super-Kamiokande, Nishino, H., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Koshio, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Ueno, K., Ueshima, K., Watanabe, H., Yamada, S., Hazama, S., Higuchi, I., Ishihara, C., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., Mitsuka, G., Okumura, K., Tanimoto, N., Dufour, F., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Goldhaber, M., Bays, K., Cravens, J. P., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Jang, J. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Albert, J. B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Wendell, R., Ishizuka, T., Tasaka, S., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Watanabe, Y., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Minamino, A., Nakaya, T., Yokoyama, M., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Tanaka, T., Jung, C. K., Lopez, G., McGrew, C., Yanagisawa, C., Tamura, N., Idehara, Y., Sakuda, M., Kuno, Y., Yoshida, M., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Seo, H. K., Furuse, Y., Nishijima, K., Yokosawa, Y., Koshiba, M., Totsuka, Y., Vagins, M. R., Chen, S., Heng, Y., Liu, J., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Kielczewska, D., Connolly, K., Thrane, E., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Searches for a nucleon decay into a charged anti-lepton (e^+ or {\mu}^+) plus a light meson ({\pi}^0, {\pi}^-, {\eta}, {\rho}^0, {\rho}^-, {\omega}) were performed using the Super-Kamiokande I and II data. Twelve nucleon decay modes were searched for. The total exposure is 140.9 kiloton \cdot years, which includes a 91.7 kiloton \cdot year exposure (1489.2 live days) of Super-Kamiokande-I and a 49.2 kiloton \cdot year exposure (798.6 live days) of Super-Kamiokande-II. The number of candidate events in the data was consistent with the atmospheric neutrino background expectation. No significant evidence for a nucleon decay was observed in the data. Thus, lower limits on the nucleon partial lifetime at 90% confidence level were obtained. The limits range from 3.6 \times 10^31 to 8.2 \times 10^33 years, depending on the decay modes., Comment: 25 pages, 18 figures

Published
2012
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27. Search for GUT Monopoles at Super-Kamiokande

Author

Collaboration, The Super-Kamiokande, Ueno, K., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Iyogi, K., Kameda, J., Koshio, Y., Kozuma, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Ueshima, K., Yamada, S., Yokozawa, T., Martens, K., Schuemann, J., Vagins, M., Ishihara, C., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., McLachlan, T., Okumura, K., Shimizu, Y., Tanimoto, N., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Bays, K., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Renshaw, A., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Jang, J. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Albert, J. B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Wendell, R., Wongjirad, T., Ishizuka, T., Tasaka, S., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Takeuchi, Y., Ikeda, M., Minamino, A., Nakaya, T., Labarga, L., Marti, Ll., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Mitsuka, G., Tanaka, T., Jung, C. K., Lopez, G., Taylor, I., Yanagisawa, C., Ishino, H., Kibayashi, A., Mino, S., Mori, T., Sakuda, M., Toyota, H., Kuno, Y., Yoshida, M., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Totsuka, Y., Yokoyama, M., Chen, S., Heng, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Kielczewska, D., Mijakowski, P., Connolly, K., Dziomba, M., Thrane, E., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

GUT monopoles captured by the Sun's gravitation are expected to catalyze proton decays via the Callan-Rubakov process. In this scenario, protons, which initially decay into pions, will ultimately produce \nu_{e}, \nu_{\mu} and \bar{\nu}_{\mu}. After undergoing neutrino oscillation, all neutrino species appear when they arrive at the Earth, and can be detected by a 50,000 metric ton water Cherenkov detector, Super-Kamiokande (SK). A search for low energy neutrinos in the electron total energy range from 19 to 55 MeV was carried out with SK and gives a monopole flux limit of F_M(\sigma_0/1 mb) < 6.3 \times 10^{-24} (\beta_M/10^{-3})^2 cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} at 90% C.L., where \beta_M is the monopole velocity in units of the speed of light and \sigma_0 is the catalysis cross section at \beta_M=1. The obtained limit is more than eight orders of magnitude more stringent than the current best cosmic-ray supermassive monopole flux limit, F_M < 1 \times 10^{-15} cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} for \beta_M < 10^{-3} and also two orders of magnitude lower than the result of the Kamiokande experiment, which used a similar detection method., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures

Published
2012
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28. First Muon-Neutrino Disappearance Study with an Off-Axis Beam

Author

T2K Collaboration, Abe, K., Abgrall, N., Ajima, Y., Aihara, H., Albert, J. B., Andreopoulos, C., Andrieu, B., Anerella, M. D., Aoki, S., Araoka, O., Argyriades, J., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Assylbekov, S., Autiero, D., Badertscher, A., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Bass, M., Batkiewicz, M., Bay, F., Bentham, S., Berardi, V., Berger, B. E., Bertram, I., Besnier, M., Beucher, J., Beznosko, D., Bhadra, S., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blocki, J., Blondel, A., Bojechko, C., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Brook-Roberge, D. G., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Calland, R., Calvet, D., Rodriguez, J. Caravaca, Cartwright, S. L., Carver, A., Castillo, R., Catanesi, M. G., Cazes, A., Cervera, A., Chavez, C., Choi, S., Christodoulou, G., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Coleman, W., Connolly, K., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, A., Danko, I., Das, R., Davies, G. S., Davis, S., Day, M., De Rosa, G., de André, J. P. A. M., de Perio, P., Dealtry, T., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Di Lodovico, F., Di Luise, S., Tran, P. Dinh, Dobson, J., Dore, U., Drapier, O., Duboyski, T., Dufour, F., Dumarchez, J., Dytman, S., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, M., Emery, S., Ereditato, A., Escallier, J. E., Escudero, L., Esposito, L. S., Fechner, M., Ferrero, A., Finch, A. J., Frank, E., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galymov, V., Ganetis, G. L., Gannaway, F. C., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, A., George, M. A., Giffin, S., Giganti, C., Gilje, K., Ghosh, A. K., Golan, T., Goldhaber, M., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gomi, S., Gonin, M., Grant, N., Grant, A., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, P., Hadley, D. R., Haesler, A., Haigh, M. D., Hamano, K., Hansen, C., Hansen, D., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, T., Hastings, N. C., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayashi, K., Hayato, Y., Hearty, C., Helmer, R. L., Henderson, R., Higashi, N., Hignight, J., Hillairet, A., Hiraki, T., Hirose, E., Holeczek, J., Horikawa, S., Huang, K., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, M., Ilic, J., Imber, J., Ishida, T., Ishihara, C., Ishii, T., Ives, S. J., Iwasaki, M., Iyogi, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Johnson, R. A., Joo, K. K., Jover-Manas, G. V., Jung, C. K., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Karlen, D., Kasami, K., Kato, I., Kawamuko, H., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khanam, F., Khotjantsev, A., Kielczewska, D., Kikawa, T., Kim, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kimura, N., Kirby, B., Kisiel, J., Kitching, P., Kobayashi, T., Kogan, G., Koike, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Korzenev, A., Koseki, K., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, Y., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, V., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kubo, H., Kubota, J., Kudenko, Y., Kulkarni, N., Kurimoto, Y., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Lagoda, J., Laihem, K., Laing, A., Laveder, M., Lawe, M., Lee, K. P., Le, P. T., Levy, J. M., Licciardi, C., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Lister, C., Litchfield, R. P., Litos, M., Longhin, A., Lopez, G. D., Loverre, P. F., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Macaire, M., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Manly, S., Marchionni, A., Marino, A. D., Marone, A. J., Marteau, J., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Maryon, T., Marzec, J., Masliah, P., Mathie, E. L., Matsumura, C., Matsuoka, K., Matveev, V., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McLachlan, T., Messina, M., Metcalf, W., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Mijakowski, P., Miller, C. A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Missert, A. D., Mituka, G., Miura, M., Mizouchi, K., Monfregola, L., Moreau, F., Morgan, B., Moriyama, S., Muir, A., Murakami, A., Muratore, J. F., Murdoch, M., Murphy, S., Myslik, J., Nagai, N., Nakadaira, T., Nakahata, M., Nakai, T., Nakajima, K., Nakamoto, T., Nakamura, K., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Nakayoshi, K., Naples, D., Navin, M. L., Nicholls, T. C., Nielsen, B., Nielsen, C., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Nitta, K., Nobuhara, T., Nowak, J. A., Obayashi, Y., Ogitsu, T., Ohhata, H., Okamura, T., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Oser, S. M., Otani, M., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, T., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Paul, P., Payne, D., Pearce, G. F., Perkin, J. D., Pettinacci, V., Pierre, F., Poplawska, E., Popov, B., Posiadala, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Poutissou, R., Przewlocki, P., Qian, W., Raaf, J. L., Radicioni, E., Ratoff, P. N., Raufer, T. M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, M., Retiere, F., Robert, A., Rodrigues, P. A., Rondio, E., Roney, J. M., Rossi, B., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruterbories, D., Sabouri, S., Sacco, R., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Sarrat, A., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, K., Schwehr, J., Scott, M., Scully, D. I., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiozawa, M., Short, S., Sinclair, P. D., Siyad, M., Smith, B. M., Smith, R. J., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Sorel, M., Stahl, A., Stamoulis, P., Steinmann, J., Still, B., Stone, J., Stodulski, M., Strabel, C., Sulej, R., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Swierblewski, J., Szeglowski, T., Szeptycka, M., Tacik, R., Tada, M., Taguchi, M., Takahashi, S., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanimoto, N., Tashiro, K., Taylor, I., Terashima, A., Terhorst, D., Terri, R., Thompson, L. F., Thorley, A., Toki, W., Tobayama, S., Tomaru, T., Totsuka, Y., Touramanis, C., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Ueno, K., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Vasseur, G., Veledar, O., Wachala, T., Walding, J. J., Waldron, A. V., Walter, C. W., Wanderer, P. J., Wang, J., Ward, M. A., Ward, G. P., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., West, N., Whitehead, L. H., Wikström, G., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Williamson, Z., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wongjirad, T., Yamada, S., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamanoi, Y., Yamaoka, H., Yamauchi, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yuan, T., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zambelli, L., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zmuda, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report a measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance in the T2K experiment. The 295-km muon-neutrino beam from Tokai to Kamioka is the first implementation of the off-axis technique in a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. With data corresponding to 1.43 10**20 protons on target, we observe 31 fully-contained single muon-like ring events in Super-Kamiokande, compared with an expectation of 104 +- 14 (syst) events without neutrino oscillations. The best-fit point for two-flavor nu_mu -> nu_tau oscillations is sin**2(2 theta_23) = 0.98 and |\Delta m**2_32| = 2.65 10**-3 eV**2. The boundary of the 90 % confidence region includes the points (sin**2(2 theta_23),|\Delta m**2_32|) = (1.0, 3.1 10**-3 eV**2), (0.84, 2.65 10**-3 eV**2) and (1.0, 2.2 10**-3 eV**2)., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2012
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29. Supernova Relic Neutrino Search at Super-Kamiokande

Author

Collaboration, The Super-Kamiokande, Bays, K., Iida, T., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iyogi, K., Kameda, J., Koshio, Y., Marti, L., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Ueno, K., Kajita, K. Ueshima S. Yamada T. Yokozawa H. Kaji T., Kaneyuki, K., McLachlan, T., Okumura, K., Pik, L. K., Martens, K., Vagins, M., Labarga, L., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Renshaw, A., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Cho, S., Jang, J. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Albert, J., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Wendell, R., Wongjirad, T., Ishizuka, T., Tasaka, S., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Smith, S., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Takeuchi, Y., Ikeda, M., Matsuoka, K., Minamino, A., Murakami, A., Nakaya, T., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Mitsuka, G., Miyake, M., Tanaka, T., Hignight, J., Imber, J., Jung, C. K., Taylor, I., Yanagisawa, C., Kibayashi, A., Ishino, H., Mino, S., Sakuda, M., Mori, T., Toyota, H., Kuno, Y., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Totsuka, Y., Yokoyama, M., Heng, Y., Chen, S., Zhang, H., Yang, Z., Mijakowski, P., Connolly, K., Dziomba, M., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A new Super-Kamiokande (SK) search for Supernova Relic Neutrinos (SRNs) was conducted using 2853 live days of data. Sensitivity is now greatly improved compared to the 2003 SK result, which placed a flux limit near many theoretical predictions. This more detailed analysis includes a variety of improvements such as increased efficiency, a lower energy threshold, and an expanded data set. New combined upper limits on SRN flux are between 2.8 and 3.0 nu_e cm^-2 s^-1 > 16 MeV total positron energy (17.3 MeV E_nu).

Published
2011
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30. Measurements of the T2K neutrino beam properties using the INGRID on-axis near detector

Author

Abe, K., Abgrall, N., Ajima, Y., Aihara, H., Albert, J. B., Andreopoulos, C., Andrieu, B., Anerella, M. D., Aoki, S., Araoka, O., Argyriades, J., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Assylbekov, S., Autiero, D., Badertscher, A., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Bass, M., Batkiewicz, M., Bay, F., Bentham, S., Berardi, V., Berger, B. E., Bertram, I., Besnier, M., Beucher, J., Beznosko, D., Bhadra, S., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blocki, J., Blondel, A., Bojechko, C., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Brook-Roberge, D. G., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Calvet, D., Cartwright, S. L., Carver, A., Castillo, R., Catanesi, M. G., Cazes, A., Cervera, A., Chavez, C., Choi, S., Christodoulou, G., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Coleman, W., Connolly, K., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, A., Danko, I., Das, R., Davies, G. S., Davis, S., Day, M., De Rosa, G., de André, J. P. A. M., de Perio, P., Dealtry, T., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Di Lodovico, F., Di Luise, S., Tran, P. Dinh, Dobson, J., Dore, U., Drapier, O., Dufour, F., Dumarchez, J., Dytman, S., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, M., Emery, S., Ereditato, A., Escallier, J. E., Escudero, L., Esposito, L. S., Fechner, M., Ferrero, A., Finch, A. J., Frank, E., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galymov, V., Ganetis, G. L., Gannaway, F. C., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, A., George, M., Giffin, S., Giganti, C., Gilje, K., Ghosh, A. K., Golan, T., Goldhaber, M., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gomi, S., Gonin, M., Grant, N., Grant, A., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, P., Haesler, A., Haigh, M. D., Hamano, K., Hansen, C., Hansen, D., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, T., Hastings, N. C., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayashi, K., Hayato, Y., Hearty, C., Helmer, R. L., Henderson, R., Higashi, N., Hignight, J., Hillairet, A., Hirose, E., Holeczek, J., Horikawa, S., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, M., Ilic, J., Imber, J., Ishida, T., Ishihara, C., Ishii, T., Ives, S. J., Iwasaki, M., Iyogi, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Johnson, R. A., Joo, K. K., Jover-Manas, G. V., Jung, C. K., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Karlen, D., Kasami, K., Kato, I., Kawamuko, H., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khanam, F., Khotjantsev, A., Kielczewska, D., Kikawa, T., Kim, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kimura, N., Kirby, B., Kisiel, J., Kitching, P., Kobayashi, T., Kogan, G., Koike, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Korzenev, A., Koseki, K., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, Y., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, V., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kubo, H., Kubota, J., Kudenko, Y., Kulkarni, N., Kurimoto, Y., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Lagoda, J., Laihem, K., Laveder, M., Lee, K. P., Le, P. T., Levy, J. M., Licciardi, C., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Litos, M., Longhin, A., Lopez, G. D., Loverre, P. F., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Macaire, M., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Manly, S., Marchionni, A., Marino, A. D., Marone, A. J., Marteau, J., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Maryon, T., Marzec, J., Masliah, P., Mathie, E. L., Matsumura, C., Matsuoka, K., Matveev, V., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McLachlan, T., Messina, M., Metcalf, W., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Mijakowski, P., Miller, C. A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Missert, A. D., Mituka, G., Miura, M., Mizouchi, K., Monfregola, L., Moreau, F., Morgan, B., Moriyama, S., Muir, A., Murakami, A., Muratore, J. F., Murdoch, M., Murphy, S., Myslik, J., Nagai, N., Nakadaira, T., Nakahata, M., Nakai, T., Nakajima, K., Nakamoto, T., Nakamura, K., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Naples, D., Navin, M. L., Nelson, B., Nicholls, T. C., Nielsen, C., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Nitta, K., Nobuhara, T., Nowak, J. A., Obayashi, Y., Ogitsu, T., Ohhata, H., Okamura, T., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Oser, S. M., Otani, M., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, T., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Paul, P., Payne, D., Pearce, G. F., Perkin, J. D., Pettinacci, V., Pierre, F., Poplawska, E., Popov, B., Posiadala, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Poutissou, R., Przewlocki, P., Qian, W., Raaf, J. L., Radicioni, E., Ratoff, P. N., Raufer, T. M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, M., Retiere, F., Robert, A., Rodrigues, P. A., Rondio, E., Roney, J. M., Rossi, B., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruterbories, D., Sabouri, S., Sacco, R., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Sarrat, A., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, K., Schwehr, J., Scott, M., Scully, D. I., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiozawa, M., Short, S., Siyad, M., Smith, R. J., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Sorel, M., Stahl, A., Stamoulis, P., Steinmann, J., Still, B., Stone, J., Stodulski, M., Strabel, C., Sulej, R., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Swierblewski, J., Szeglowski, T., Szeptycka, M., Tacik, R., Tada, M., Taguchi, M., Takahashi, S., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanimoto, N., Tashiro, K., Taylor, I., Terashima, A., Terhorst, D., Terri, R., Thompson, L. F., Thorley, A., Toki, W., Tobayama, S., Tomaru, T., Totsuka, Y., Touramanis, C., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Ueno, K., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Vasseur, G., Wachala, T., Walding, J. J., Waldron, A. V., Walter, C. W., Wanderer, P. J., Wang, J., Ward, M. A., Ward, G. P., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., West, N., Whitehead, L. H., Wikström, G., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Williamson, Z., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wongjirad, T., Yamada, S., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamanoi, Y., Yamaoka, H., Yamauchi, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yuan, T., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zambelli, L., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zmuda, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure of iron target plates and scintillator trackers. INGRID directly monitors the muon neutrino beam profile center and intensity using the number of observed neutrino events in each module. The neutrino beam direction is measured with accuracy better than 0.4 mrad from the measured profile center. The normalized event rate is measured with 4% precision., Comment: 32 pages, 27 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A

Published
2011
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31. Search for n-nbar oscillation in Super-Kamiokande

Author

collaboration, Super-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Ishihara, K., Kameda, J., Koshio, Y., Minamino, A., Mitsuda, C., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Obayashi, Y., Ogawa, H., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takeuchi, Y., Ueshima, K., Watanabe, H., Higuchi, I., Ishihara, C., Ishitsuka, M., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., Mitsuka, G., Nakayama, S., Nishino, H., Okumura, K., Saji, C., Takenaga, Y., Clark, S., Desai, S., Dufour, F., Herfurth, A., Kearns, E., Likhoded, S., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Wang, W., Goldhaber, M., Casper, D., Cravens, J. P., Dunmore, J., Griskevich, J., Kropp, W. R., Liu, D. W., Mine, S., Regis, C., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Vagins, M. R., Ganezer, K. S., Hartfiel, B., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Jang, J. S., Jeoung, I. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Scholberg, K., Tanimoto, N., Walter, C. W., Wendell, R., Ellsworth, R. W., Tasaka, S., Guillian, G., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Messier, M. D., Ichikawa, A. K., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Iwashita, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Nitta, K., Oyama, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Hasegawa, M., Maesaka, H., Nakaya, T., Sasaki, T., Sato, H., Tanaka, H., Yamamoto, S., Yokoyama, M., Haines, T. J., Dazeley, S., Hatakeyama, S., Svoboda, R., Sullivan, G. W., Gran, R., Habig, A., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Koike, T., Jung, C. K., Kato, T., Kobayashi, K., McGrew, C., Sarrat, A., Terri, R., Yanagisawa, C., Tamura, N., Ikeda, M., Sakuda, M., Kuno, Y., Yoshida, M., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Ishizuka, T., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Seo, H. K., Gando, Y., Hasegawa, T., Inoue, K., Ishii, H., Nishijima, K., Ishino, H., Watanabe, Y., Koshiba, M., Totsuka, Y., Chen, S., Deng, Z., Liu, Y., Kielczewska, D., Berns, H. G., Shiraishi, K. K., Thrane, E., Washburn, K., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A search for neutron-antineutron ($n-\bar{n}$) oscillation was undertaken in Super-Kamiokande using the 1489 live-day or $2.45 \times 10^{34}$ neutron-year exposure data. This process violates both baryon and baryon minus lepton numbers by an absolute value of two units and is predicted by a large class of hypothetical models where the seesaw mechanism is incorporated to explain the observed tiny neutrino masses and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. No evidence for $n-\bar{n}$ oscillation was found, the lower limit of the lifetime for neutrons bound in ${}^{16}$O, in an analysis that included all of the significant sources of experimental uncertainties, was determined to be $1.9 \times 10^{32}$~years at the 90\% confidence level. The corresponding lower limit for the oscillation time of free neutrons was calculated to be $2.7 \times 10^8$~s using a theoretical value of the nuclear suppression factor of $0.517 \times 10^{23}$~s$^{-1}$ and its uncertainty., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures

Published
2011
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32. Study of Non-Standard Neutrino Interactions with Atmospheric Neutrino Data in Super-Kamiokande I and II

Author

Mitsuka, G., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Koshio, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Ueno, K., Ueshima, K., Watanabe, H., Yamada, S., Hazama, S., Higuchi, I., Ishihara, C., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., Nishino, H., Okumura, K., Tanimoto, N., Dufour, F., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Goldhaber, M., Bays, K., Cravens, J. P., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Vagins, M. R., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Jang, J. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Albert, J., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Wendell, R., Ishizuka, T., Tasaka, S., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Watanabe, Y., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Minamino, A., Nakaya, T., Yokoyama, M., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Tanaka, T., Jung, C. K., Lopez, G., McGrew, C., Yanagisawa, C., Tamura, N., Idehara, Y., Sakuda, M., Kuno, Y., Yoshida, M., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Seo, H. K., Furuse, Y., Nishijima, K., Yokosawa, Y., Koshiba, M., Totsuka, Y., Chen, S., Liu, J., Heng, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Kielczewska, D., Connolly, K., Thrane, E., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

In this paper we study non-standard neutrino interactions as an example of physics beyond the standard model using atmospheric neutrino data collected during the Super-Kamiokande I(1996-2001) and II(2003-2005) periods. We focus on flavor-changing-neutral-currents (FCNC), which allow neutrino flavor transitions via neutral current interactions, and effects which violate lepton non-universality (NU) and give rise to different neutral-current interaction-amplitudes for different neutrino flavors. We obtain a limit on the FCNC coupling parameter, varepsilon_{mu tau}, |varepsilon_{mu tau}|<1.1 x 10^{-2} at 90%C.L. and various constraints on other FCNC parameters as a function of the NU coupling, varepsilon_{e e}. We find no evidence of non-standard neutrino interactions in the Super-Kamiokande atmospheric data., Comment: 12 Pages, 14 figures. To be submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Published
2011
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33. Search for Differences in Oscillation Parameters for Atmospheric Neutrinos and Antineutrinos at Super-Kamiokande

Author

Collaboration, Super-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Ikeda, M., Iyogi, K., Kameda, J., Koshio, Y., Kozuma, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Ueno, K., Ueshima, K., Watanabe, H., Yamada, S., Yokozawa, T., Ishihara, C., Kaji, H., Lee, K. P., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., McLachlan, T., Okumura, K., Shimizu, Y., Tanimoto, N., Martens, K., Vagins, M. R., Labarga, L., Magro, L. M., Dufour, F., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Goldhaber, M., Bays, K., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Jang, J. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Albert, J. B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Wendell, R., Wongjirad, T. M., Tasaka, S., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Minamino, A., Nakaya, T., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Mitsuka, G., Tanaka, T., Jung, C. K., Taylor, I., Yanagisawa, C., Ishino, H., Kibayashi, A., Mino, S., Mori, T., Sakuda, M., Toyota, H., Kuno, Y., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Ishizuka, T., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Yokoyama, M., Totsuka, Y., Chen, S., Heng, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Kielczewska, D., Mijakowski, P., Connolly, K., Dziomba, M., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a search for differences in the oscillations of antineutrinos and neutrinos in the Super-Kamiokande -I, -II, and -III atmospheric neutrino sample. Under a two-flavor disappearance model with separate mixing parameters between neutrinos and antineutrinos, we find no evidence for a difference in oscillation parameters. Best fit antineutrino mixing is found to be at (dm2bar, sin2 2 thetabar) = (2.0x10^-3 eV^2, 1.0) and is consistent with the overall Super-K measurement., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. Figure updated

Published
2011
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34. Indication of Electron Neutrino Appearance from an Accelerator-produced Off-axis Muon Neutrino Beam

Author

T2K Collaboration, Abe, K., Abgrall, N., Ajima, Y., Aihara, H., Albert, J. B., Andreopoulos, C., Andrieu, B., Aoki, S., Araoka, O., Argyriades, J., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Assylbekov, S., Autiero, D., Badertscher, A., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Bass, M., Bay, F., Bentham, S., Berardi, V., Berger, B. E., Bertram, I., Besnier, M., Beucher, J., Beznosko, D., Bhadra, S., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blondel, A., Bojechko, C., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Brook-Roberge, D. G., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Calvet, D., Cartwright, S. L., Carver, A., Castillo, R., Catanesi, M. G., Cazes, A., Cervera, A., Chavez, C., Choi, S., Christodoulou, G., Coleman, J., Coleman, W., Collazuol, G., Connolly, K., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, A., Danko, I., Das, R., Davies, G. S., Davis, S., Day, M., DeRosa, G., de Andre, J. P. A. M., dePerio, P., Delbart, A., Densham, C., DiLodovico, F., DiLuise, S., Tran, P. Dinh, Dobson, J., Dore, U., Drapier, O., Dufour, F., Dumarchez, J., Dytman, S., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, M., Emery, S., Ereditato, A., Escudero, L., Esposito, L. S., Fechner, M., Ferrero, A., Finch, A. J., Frank, E., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galymov, V., Gannaway, F. C., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, A., George, M., Giffin, S., Giganti, C., Gilje, K., Golan, T., Goldhaber, M., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., Grant, N., Grant, A., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, P., Haesler, A., Haigh, M. D., Hamano, K., Hansen, C., Hansen, D., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, T., Hastings, N. C., Hastings, S., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayashi, K., Hayato, Y., Hearty, C., Helmer, R. L., Henderson, R., Higashi, N., Hignight, J., Hirose, E., Holeczek, J., Horikawa, S., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, M., Ilic, J., Imber, J., Ishida, T., Ishihara, C., Ishii, T., Ives, S. J., Iwasaki, M., Iyogi, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Johnson, R. A., Joo, K. K., Jover-Manas, G. V., Jung, C. K., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Karlen, D., Kasami, K., Kato, I., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khanam, F., Khotjantsev, A., Kielczewska, D., Kikawa, T., Kim, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kimura, N., Kirby, B., Kisiel, J., Kitching, P., Kobayashi, T., Kogan, G., Koike, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Korzenev, A., Koseki, K., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, Y., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, V., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kubo, H., Kudenko, Y., Kulkarni, N., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Lagoda, J., Laihem, K., Laveder, M., Lee, K. P., Le, P. T., Levy, J. M., Licciardi, C., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Litos, M., Longhin, A., Lopez, G. D., Loverre, P. F., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Macaire, M., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Manly, S., Marchionni, A., Marino, A. D., Marteau, J., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Maryon, T., Marzec, J., Masliah, P., Mathie, E. L., Matsumura, C., Matsuoka, K., Matveev, V., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McLachlan, T., Messina, M., Metcalf, W., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Mijakowski, P., Miller, C. A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Missert, A. D., Mituka, G., Miura, M., Mizouchi, K., Monfregola, L., Moreau, F., Morgan, B., Moriyama, S., Muir, A., Murakami, A., Murdoch, M., Murphy, S., Myslik, J., Nakadaira, T., Nakahata, M., Nakai, T., Nakajima, K., Nakamoto, T., Nakamura, K., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Naples, D., Navin, M. L., Nelson, B., Nicholls, T. C., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Nowak, J. A., Noy, M., Obayashi, Y., Ogitsu, T., Ohhata, H., Okamura, T., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Oser, S. M., Otani, M., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, T., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Paul, P., Payne, D., Pearce, G. F., Perkin, J. D., Pettinacci, V., Pierre, F., Poplawska, E., Popov, B., Posiadala, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Poutissou, R., Przewlocki, P., Qian, W., Raaf, J. L., Radicioni, E., Ratoff, P. N., Raufer, T. M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, M., Retiere, F., Robert, A., Rodrigues, P. A., Rondio, E., Roney, J. M., Rossi, B., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruterbories, D., Sabouri, S., Sacco, R., Sakashita, K., Sanchez, F., Sarrat, A., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, K., Schwehr, J., Scott, M., Scully, D. I., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiozawa, M., Short, S., Syiad, M., Smith, R. J., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Sorel, M., Stahl, A., Stamoulis, P., Steinmann, J., Still, B., Stone, J., Strabel, C., Sulak, L. R., Sulej, R., Sutcliffe, P., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Szeglowski, T., Szeptycka, M., Tacik, R., Tada, M., Takahashi, S., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanimoto, N., Tashiro, K., Taylor, I., Terashima, A., Terhorst, D., Terri, R., Thompson, L. F., Thorley, A., Toki, W., Tomaru, T., Totsuka, Y., Touramanis, C., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Ueno, K., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Vasseur, G., Wachala, T., Walding, J. J., Waldron, A. V., Walter, C. W., Wanderer, P. J., Wang, J., Ward, M. A., Ward, G. P., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., West, N., Whitehead, L. H., Wikstrom, G., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wongjirad, T., Yamada, S., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamanoi, Y., Yamaoka, H., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zambelli, L., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zmuda, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The T2K experiment observes indications of $\nu_\mu\rightarrow \nu_e$ appearance in data accumulated with $1.43\times10^{20}$ protons on target. Six events pass all selection criteria at the far detector. In a three-flavor neutrino oscillation scenario with $|\Delta m_{23}^2|=2.4\times10^{-3}$ eV$^2$, $\sin^2 2\theta_{23}=1$ and $\sin^2 2\theta_{13}=0$, the expected number of such events is 1.5$\pm$0.3(syst.). Under this hypothesis, the probability to observe six or more candidate events is 7$\times10^{-3}$, equivalent to 2.5$\sigma$ significance. At 90% C.L., the data are consistent with 0.03(0.04)$<\sin^2 2\theta_{13}<$ 0.28(0.34) for $\delta_{\rm CP}=0$ and a normal (inverted) hierarchy., Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, version published in PRL

Published
2011
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35. Solar neutrino results in Super-Kamiokande-III

Author

Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Ikeda, M., Ishihara, C., Iyogi, K., Kameda, J., Kobayashi, K., Koshio, Y., Kozuma, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Ogawa, H., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Ueno, K., Ueshima, K., Watanabe, H., Yamada, S., Yokozawa, T., Hazama, S., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., McLachlan, T., Okumura, K., Shimizu, Y., Tanimoto, N., Vagins, M. R., Labarga, L., Magro, L. M, Dufour, F., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Wang, W., Goldhaber, M., Bays, K., Casper, D., Cravens, J. P., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Renshaw, A., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Jang, J. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Albert, J., Wendell, R., Wongjirad, T., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Ishizuka, T., Tasaka, S., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Watanabe, Y., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Takeuchi, Y., Minamino, A., Nakaya, T., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Mitsuka, G., Tanaka, T., Jung, C. K., Lopez, G., McGrew, C., Terri, R., Yanagisawa, C., Tamura, N., Ishino, H., Kibayashi, A., Mino, S., Mori, T., Sakuda, M., Toyota, H., Kuno, Y., Yoshida, M., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Nishijima, K., Yokosawa, Y., Koshiba, M., Totsuka, Y., Yokoyama, M., Chen, S., Heng, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Kielczewska, D., Mijakowski, P., Connolly, K., Dziomba, M., Thrane, E., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The results of the third phase of the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino measurement are presented and compared to the first and second phase results. With improved detector calibrations, a full detector simulation, and improved analysis methods, the systematic uncertainty on the total neutrino flux is estimated to be ?2.1%, which is about two thirds of the systematic uncertainty for the first phase of Super-Kamiokande. The observed 8B solar flux in the 5.0 to 20 MeV total electron energy region is 2.32+/-0.04 (stat.)+/-0.05 (sys.) *10^6 cm^-2sec^-1, in agreement with previous measurements. A combined oscillation analysis is carried out using SK-I, II, and III data, and the results are also combined with the results of other solar neutrino experiments. The best-fit oscillation parameters are obtained to be sin^2 {\theta}12 = 0.30+0.02-0.01(tan^2 {\theta}12 = 0.42+0.04 -0.02) and {\Delta}m2_21 = 6.2+1.1-1.9 *10^-5eV^2. Combined with KamLAND results, the best-fit oscillation parameters are found to be sin^2 {\theta}12 = 0.31+/-0.01(tan^2 {\theta}12 = 0.44+/-0.03) and {\Delta}m2_21 = 7.6?0.2*10^-5eV^2 . The 8B neutrino flux obtained from global solar neutrino experiments is 5.3+/-0.2(stat.+sys.)*10^6cm^-2s^-1, while the 8B flux becomes 5.1+/-0.1(stat.+sys.)*10^6cm^-2s^-1 by adding KamLAND result. In a three-flavor analysis combining all solar neutrino experiments, the upper limit of sin^2 {\theta}13 is 0.060 at 95% C.L.. After combination with KamLAND results, the upper limit of sin^2 {\theta}13 is found to be 0.059 at 95% C.L.., Comment: 19 pages, 33 figures in the main text. The appendix section on errata is added in v3

Published
2010
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36. Atmospheric neutrino oscillation analysis with sub-leading effects in Super-Kamiokande I, II, and III

Author

Collaboration, Super-Kamiokande, Wendell, R., Ishihara, C., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Ikeda, M., Iyogi, K., Kameda, J., Kobayashi, K., Koshio, Y., Kozuma, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Ogawa, H., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Ueno, K., Ueshima, K., Watanabe, H., Yamada, S., Yokozawa, T., Hazama, S., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., McLachlan, T., Okumura, K., Shimizu, Y., Tanimoto, N., Vagins, M. R., Dufour, F., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Wang, W., Goldhaber, M., Bays, K., Casper, D., Cravens, J. P., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Jang, J. S., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Albert, J., Fechner, M., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Tasaka, S., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Watanabe, Y., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Minamino, A., Nakaya, T., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Mitsuka, G., Tanaka, T., Jung, C. K., Lopez, G., McGrew, C., Yanagisawa, C., Tamura, N., Ishino, H., Kibayashi, A., Mino, S., Mori, T., Sakuda, M., Toyota, H., Kuno, Y., Yoshida, M., Kim, S. B., Yang, B. S., Ishizuka, T., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Nishijima, K., Yokosawa, Y., Koshiba, M., Yokoyama, M., Totsuka, Y., Chen, S., Heng, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Kielczewska, D., Mijakowski, P., Connolly, K., Dziomba, M., Thrane, E., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a search for non-zero theta_{13} and deviations of sin^2 theta_{23} from 0.5 in the oscillations of atmospheric neutrino data from Super-Kamiokande -I, -II, and -III. No distortions of the neutrino flux consistent with non-zero theta_{13} are found and both neutrino mass hierarchy hypotheses are in agreement with the data. The data are best fit at Delta m^2 = 2.1 x 10^-3 eV^2, sin^2 theta_{13} = 0.0, and sin^2 theta_{23} =0.5. In the normal (inverted) hierarchy theta_{13} and Delta m^2 are constrained at the one-dimensional 90% C.L. to sin^2 theta_{13} < 0.04 (0.09) and 1.9 (1.7) x 10^-3 < Delta m^2 < 2.6 (2.7) x 10^-3 eV^2. The atmospheric mixing angle is within 0.407 <= sin^2 theta_{23} <= 0.583 at 90% C.L., Comment: 17 Pages, 14 figures. To be submitted to Phys. Rev. D Minor update to text after referee comments. Figures modified for better grayscale printing.

Published
2010
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37. Generation and acceleration of electron bunches from a plasma photocathode

Author

Deng, A., Karger, O. S., Heinemann, T., Knetsch, A., Scherkl, P., Manahan, G. G., Beaton, A., Ullmann, D., Wittig, G., Habib, A. F., Xi, Y., Litos, M. D., O’Shea, B. D., Gessner, S., Clarke, C. I., Green, S. Z., Lindstrøm, C. A., Adli, E., Zgadzaj, R., Downer, M. C., Andonian, G., Murokh, A., Bruhwiler, D. L., Cary, J. R., Hogan, M. J., Yakimenko, V., Rosenzweig, J. B., and Hidding, B.

Published
2019
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38. Underdense plasma lens with a transverse density gradient

Author

Doss, C. E., primary, Ariniello, R., additional, Cary, J. R., additional, Corde, S., additional, Ekerfelt, H., additional, Gerstmayr, E., additional, Gessner, S. J., additional, Gilljohann, M., additional, Hansel, C., additional, Hidding, B., additional, Hogan, M. J., additional, Knetsch, A., additional, Lee, V., additional, Marsh, K., additional, O’Shea, B., additional, San Miguel Claveria, P., additional, Storey, D., additional, Sutherland, A., additional, Zhang, C., additional, and Litos, M. D., additional

Published
2023
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42. Attosecond-Angstrom free-electron-laser towards the cold beam limit

Author

Habib, A. F., primary, Manahan, G.G., additional, Scherkl, P., additional, Heinemann, T., additional, Sutherland, A., additional, Altuiri, R., additional, Alotaibi, B. M., additional, Litos, M., additional, Cary, J., additional, Raubenheimer, T., additional, Hemsing, E., additional, Hogan, M., additional, Rosenzweig, J.B., additional, Williams, P. H., additional, McNeil, B. W. J., additional, and Hidding, B., additional

Published
2022
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44. Plasma photonic spatiotemporal synchronization of relativistic electron and laser beams

Author

Scherkl, P., Knetsch, A., Heinemann, T., Sutherland, A., Habib, A. F., Karger, O. S., Ullmann, D., Beaton, A., Manahan, G. G., Xi, Y., Deng, A., Litos, M. D., O’Shea, B. D., Green, S. Z., Clarke, C. I., Andonian, G., Assmann, R., Bruhwiler, D. L., Smith, J., Cary, J. R., Hogan, M. J., Yakimenko, V., Rosenzweig, J. B., and Hidding, B.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), ddc:530, Surfaces and Interfaces
Abstract

Physical review accelerators and beams 25(5), 052803 (2022). doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.25.052803, We present an ultracompact plasma-based method to measure spatial and temporal concurrence of intense electron and laser beams nonintrusively at their interaction point. The electron beam couples with a laser-generated seed plasma in dependence of spatiotemporal overlap, which triggers additional plasmaproduction and manifests as enhanced plasma afterglow. This optical observable is exploited to measurebeam concurrence with ∼4 μm spatial and ∼26.7 fs temporal accuracy, supported by auxiliary diagnostics.The afterglow interaction fingerprint is highly sensitive and enables ultraversatile femtosecond-micrometerbeam metrology., Published by American Physical Society, College Park, MD

Published
2022

45. Multi-gigaelectronvolt acceleration of positrons in a self-loaded plasma wakefield

Author

Corde, S., Adli, E., Allen, J.M., An, W., Clarke, C.I., Clayton, C.E., Delahaye, J.P., Frederico, J., Gessner, S., Green, S.Z., Hogan, M.J., Joshi, C., Lipkowitz, N., Litos, M., Lu, W., Marsh, K.A., Mori, W.B., Schmeltz, M., Vafaei-Najafabadi, N., Walz, D., Yakimenko, V., and Yocky, G.

Subjects
Colliders (Nuclear physics) -- Research, Electron accelerators -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Electrical breakdown sets a limit on the kinetic energy that particles in a conventional radio-frequency accelerator can reach. New accelerator concepts must be developed to achieve higher energies and to make future particle colliders more compact and affordable. The plasma wakefield accelerator (PWFA) embodies one such concept, in which the electric field of a plasma wake excited by a bunch of charged particles (such as electrons) is used to accelerate a trailing bunch of particles. To apply plasma acceleration to electron-positron colliders, it is imperative that both the electrons and their antimatter counterpart, the positrons, are efficiently accelerated at high fields using plasmas (1). Although substantial progress has recently been reported on high-field, high-efficiency acceleration of electrons in a PWFA powered by an electron bunch (2), such an electron-driven wake is unsuitable for the acceleration and focusing of a positron bunch. Here we demonstrate a new regime of PWFAs where particles in the front of a single positron bunch transfer their energy to a substantial number of those in the rear of the same bunch by exciting a wakefield in the plasma. In the process, the accelerating field is altered--'self-loaded'--so that about a billion positrons gain five gigaelectronvolts of energy with a narrow energy spread over a distance of just 1.3 metres. They extract about 30 per cent of the wake's energy and form a spectrally distinct bunch with a root-mean-square energy spread as low as 1.8 per cent. This ability to transfer energy efficiently from the front to the rear within a single positron bunch makes the PWFA scheme very attractive as an energy booster to an electron-positron collider., Future high-energy particle colliders will operate at the frontier of particle physics, with particle energies in the range of several trillion electronvolts (3). Beyond the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at [...]

Published
2015

46. Search for GUT monopoles at Super–Kamiokande

Author

Ueno, K., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Iyogi, K., Kameda, J., Koshio, Y., Kozuma, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Ueshima, K., Yamada, S., Yokozawa, T., Martens, K., Schuemann, J., Vagins, M., Ishihara, C., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., McLachlan, T., Okumura, K., Shimizu, Y., Tanimoto, N., Kearns, E., Litos, M., Raaf, J.L., Stone, J.L., Sulak, L.R., Bays, K., Kropp, W.R., Mine, S., Regis, C., Renshaw, A., Smy, M.B., Sobel, H.W., Ganezer, K.S., Hill, J., Keig, W.E., Jang, J.S., Kim, J.Y., Lim, I.T., Albert, J.B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C.W., Wendell, R., Wongjirad, T., Ishizuka, T., Tasaka, S., Learned, J.G., Matsuno, S., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Kobayashi, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Nishikawa, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Suzuki, A.T., Takeuchi, Y., Ikeda, M., Minamino, A., Nakaya, T., Labarga, L., Marti, Ll., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Mitsuka, G., Tanaka, T., Jung, C.K., Lopez, G., Taylor, I., Yanagisawa, C., Ishino, H., Kibayashi, A., Mino, S., Mori, T., Sakuda, M., Toyota, H., Kuno, Y., Yoshida, M., Kim, S.B., Yang, B.S., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Totsuka, Y., Yokoyama, M., Chen, S., Heng, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Kielczewska, D., Mijakowski, P., Connolly, K., Dziomba, M., Thrane, E., and Wilkes, R.J.

Published
2012
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47. Spatiotemporal dynamics of ultrarelativistic beam-plasma instabilities

Author

San Miguel Claveria, P., primary, Davoine, X., additional, Peterson, J. R., additional, Gilljohann, M., additional, Andriyash, I., additional, Ariniello, R., additional, Clarke, C., additional, Ekerfelt, H., additional, Emma, C., additional, Faure, J., additional, Gessner, S., additional, Hogan, M. J., additional, Joshi, C., additional, Keitel, C. H., additional, Knetsch, A., additional, Kononenko, O., additional, Litos, M., additional, Mankovska, Y., additional, Marsh, K., additional, Matheron, A., additional, Nie, Z., additional, O'Shea, B., additional, Storey, D., additional, Vafaei-Najafabadi, N., additional, Wu, Y., additional, Xu, X., additional, Yan, J., additional, Zhang, C., additional, Tamburini, M., additional, Fiuza, F., additional, Gremillet, L., additional, and Corde, S., additional

Published
2022
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48. Beam Delivery and Final Focus Systems for Multi-TeV Advanced Linear Colliders

Author

White, G., Gessner, S., Adli, Erik, Cao, Jiawei, Sjobak, Kyrre Ness, Barber, S., Schroeder, C., Terzani, D., Van Tilborg, Tilborg, Esarey, E., Doss, C., Litos, M., Lobach, I., Power, J., and Lindstrøm, Carl A.

Subjects
Beam dynamics, accelerator, Beam Optics, beam transport, Wake-field acceleration (laser-driven, single-particle dynamics), Engineering, Affordable and Clean Energy, Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics, single-particle dynamics), ddc:610, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, polarization, electron-driven), luminosity, high, collimator, Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, quadrupole lens, Wake-field acceleration (laser-driven, electron-driven), acceleration, wake field, Physical Sciences, vertex, primary, final focus, linear collider
Abstract

Journal of Instrumentation 17(05), P05042 (2022). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/17/05/P05042 special issue: "ICFA Beam Dynamics Newsletter 83", The Beam Delivery System (BDS) is a critical component of a high-energy linear collider. It transports the beam from the accelerator and brings it to a focus at the Interaction Point. The BDS system includes diagnostic sections for measuring the beam energy, emittance, and polarization, as well as collimators for machine protection. The length of the BDS increases with collision energy. Higher collision energies also require higher luminosities, and this is a significant constraint on the design for energy-frontier machines. Here, we review BDS designs based on traditional quadrupole magnets and examine the challenges involved in extending these to the Multi-TeV regime consistent with requirements for advanced accelerator concepts., Published by Inst. of Physics, London

Published
2022

49. All-optical density downramp injection in electron-driven plasma wakefield accelerators

Author

Ullmann, D., primary, Scherkl, P., additional, Knetsch, A., additional, Heinemann, T., additional, Sutherland, A., additional, Habib, A. F., additional, Karger, O. S., additional, Beaton, A., additional, Manahan, G. G., additional, Deng, A., additional, Andonian, G., additional, Litos, M. D., additional, O'Shea, B. D., additional, Cary, J. R., additional, Hogan, M. J., additional, Yakimenko, V., additional, Rosenzweig, J. B., additional, and Hidding, B., additional

Published
2021
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50. High-efficiency acceleration of an electron beam in a plasma wakefield accelerator

Author

Litos, M., Adli, E., An, W., Clarke, C.I., Clayton, C.E., Corde, S., Delahaye, J.P., England, R.J., Fisher, A.S., Frederico, J., Gessner, S., Green, S.Z., Hogan, M.J., Joshi, C., Lu, W., Marsh, K.A., Mori, W.B., Muggli, P., Najafabadi, N. Vafaei, Walz, D., White, G., Wu, Z., Yakimenko, V., and Yocky, G.

Subjects
Plasma accelerators -- Research, Electron beams -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

High-efficiency acceleration of charged particle beams at high gradients of energy gain per unit length is necessary to achieve an affordable and compact high-energy collider. The plasma wakefield accelerator is one concept (1-3) being developed for this purpose. In plasma wakefield acceleration, a charge-density wake with high accelerating fields is driven by the passage of an ultra-relativistic bunch of charged particles (the drive bunch) through a plasma (4-6). If a second bunch of relativistic electrons (the trailing bunch) with sufficient charge follows in the wake of the drive bunch at an appropriate distance, it can be efficiently accelerated to high energy. Previous experiments using just a single 42-gigaelectronvolt drive bunch have accelerated electrons with a continuous energy spectrum and a maximum energy of up to 85 gigaelectronvolts from the tail of the same bunch in less than a metre of plasma (7). However, the total charge of these accelerated electrons was insufficient to extract a substantial amount of energy from the wake. Here we report high-efficiency acceleration of a discrete trailing bunch of electrons that contains sufficient charge to extract a substantial amount of energy from the high-gradient, nonlinear plasma wakefield accelerator. Specifically, we show the acceleration of about 74 picocoulombs of charge contained in the core of the trailing bunch in an accelerating gradient of about 4.4 gigavolts per metre. These core particles gain about 1.6 gigaelectronvolts of energy per particle, with a final energy spread as low as 0.7 per cent (2.0 per cent on average), and an energy-transfer efficiency from the wake to the bunch that can exceed 30 per cent (17.7 per cent on average). This acceleration of a distinct bunch of electrons containing a substantial charge and having a small energy spread with both a high accelerating gradient and a high energy-transfer efficiency represents a milestone in the development of plasma wakefield acceleration into a compact and affordable accelerator technology., The experiment reported here is carried out in the three-dimensional, nonlinear regime of plasma wakefield acceleration, also known as the blowout regime (8). In this regime, a tightly focused and [...]

Published
2014

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