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The generation of vector beams using metasurfaces is crucial for the manipulation of light fields and has significant application potential, ranging from classical physics to quantum science. This paper introduces a novel dielectric metasurface composed of quarter-wave plate (QWP) meta-atoms, known as a QWP metasurface, designed to generate focused vector beams (VBs) of Bell-like states under right circularly polarized illumination. The propagation phase imparted on both the co- and cross-polarized components of the output field constructs hyperbolic and helical phase profiles with topological charge l p, whereas the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase acts only on the cross-polarized component to construct another helical phase profile with topological charge l g. Thus, the co- and cross-polarized components form two orthogonal vector vortex (VV) modes with topological charges l p and l p + l g, respectively. When the parameter conditions are satisfied by matching the incident polarization chirality σ and topological charges l p and l g, the focused VBs of Bell-like states are generated by simultaneously manipulating the two VV modes, in contrast to existing QWP metasurfaces. The polarization states of the generated VBs are manipulated using the initial orientation angle θ 0 of the meta-atom. Overall, this research provides an innovative strategy for metasurface design, enhancing the functionality of metasurface devices for a broader range of application scenarios.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the safety of Shu-Xue-Ning injection (SXNI) in real-world clinical applications.Methods: A prospective, multi-center, large-sample intensive monitoring method was used to monitor the use of SXNI in several medical institutions across China while collecting patients’ dosing and adverse event information. Patients who suspected as adverse reactions made comparisons with patients who did not report adverse reactions to calculate the correlation between relevant risk factors and suspected adverse reactions. Statistical analysis software SAS 9.1 was used for data analysis.Results: A total of 48 hospitals participated in this intensive monitoring study of SXNI, and 30,122 patients were monitored from July 2015 to December 2018. A total of 1,908 adverse events were reported during the use of SXNI, with an adverse event rate of 6.33% and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 6.06%–6.61%. Association assessment showed that 54 cases presented with SXNI-related adverse reactions with an incidence of 0.18% and a 95% CI of 0.13%–0.23%, thereby indicating that the incidence of SXNI-related adverse reactions was occasional. SXNI-related adverse reactions involved 9 systems-organs with 20 clinical manifestations, and the most common adverse reactions were rash, pruritus, and other damages of skin and its appendages. No serious adverse reactions were observed; 27.78% of the adverse reactions occurred within 30 min of drug administration and more than half of them occurred within 2 h of drug administration; 96.3% of the adverse reactions were cured or improved. Causal analysis showed that women, long dispensing time, and slow dripping speed rate were considered as risk factors.Conclusion: The incidence of SXNI-related adverse reactions in real-world clinical applications is occasional and in a reasonable range with a good prognosis.

Artificial nanostructures in metasurfaces induce strong spin–orbit interactions (SOIs), by which incident circularly polarized light can be transformed into two opposite spin components. The component with an opposite helicity to the incident light acquires a geometric phase and is used to realize the versatile functions of the metasurfaces; however, the other component, with an identical helicity, is often neglected as a diffused background. Here, by simultaneously manipulating the two spin components originating from the SOI in plasmonic metasurfaces, independent wavefields in the primary and converted spin channels are achieved; the wavefield in the primary channel is controlled by tailoring the dynamic phase, and that in the converted channel is regulated by designing the Pancharatnam–Berry phase in concurrence with the dynamic phase. The scheme is realized by generating optical lattice fields with different topologies in two spin channels, with the metasurfaces composed of metal nanoslits within six round-apertures mimicking the multi-beam interference. This study demonstrates independent optical fields in a dual-spin channel based on the SOI effect in the metasurface, which provides a higher polarization degree of freedom to modify optical properties at the subwavelength scale.