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14. Integrative taxonomy unveils a new species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the southern portion of the Taihang Mountains in northern China, with the description of its complete mitogenome and an exploratory analysis of mitochondrial gene order as a taxonomic character

Author

WANG, Lei, WANG, Yixuan, DONG, Zimei, CHEN, Guangwen, SLUYS, Ronald, and LIU, Dezeng

Subjects
BIOLOGICAL classification, MITOCHONDRIAL DNA, MITOCHONDRIA, PLATYHELMINTHES, MALE reproductive organs, SEMINAL vesicles, MOLECULAR phylogeny
Abstract

A new species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from northern China is described on the basis of an integrative approach, involving morphology, karyology, histology, molecular distance, molecular phylogeny, and mitochondrial gene order. Here, we present the complete mitogenome of the new species Dugesia constrictiva Chen & Dong, sp. nov. This new species is mainly characterized by the presence of the following features: asymmetrical openings of the oviducts; large, cuboidal copulatory bursa; vasa deferentia opening through the ventro‐lateral wall of the seminal vesicle; laterally compressed seminal vesicle; ventrally displaced ejaculatory duct, opening at the blunt tip of the penis papilla; long duct intercalated between seminal vesicle and diaphragm; chromosome complement diploid, with 16 metacentric chromosomes; mitochondrial gene order as follows: cox1‐E‐nad6‐nad5‐S2‐D‐R‐cox3‐I‐Q‐K‐atp6‐V‐nad1‐W‐cox2‐P‐nad3‐A‐nad2‐M‐H‐F‐rrnS‐L1‐Y‐G‐S1‐rrnL‐L2‐T‐atp8‐C‐N‐cob‐nad4l‐nad4. In triclads, mitochondrial gene order is considerably conserved between freshwater planarians and land flatworms, whereas it is variable between marine planarians and both freshwater and land flatworms. The secondary structures of tRNAs are all equipped with 4 arms, excepting tRNA S1 and tRNA S2, which lack the D arm and have excessively enlarged loops. Numerous transpositions of tRNA are present between D. constrictiva and its congeners. Mitochondrial gene arrangements may form a new, additional tool for taxonomic studies. The phylogenetic tree based on analysis of the mitochondrial genome basically corroborates current classification of the higher taxa of planarian flatworms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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15. Integrative taxonomy unveils a new species ofDugesia(Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the southern portion of the Taihang Mountains in northern China, with the description of its complete mitogenome and an exploratory analysis of mitochondrial gene order as a taxonomic character

Author

WANG, Lei, primary, WANG, Yixuan, additional, DONG, Zimei, additional, CHEN, Guangwen, additional, SLUYS, Ronald, additional, and LIU, Dezeng, additional

Published
2021
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24. Antioxidant responses and lipid peroxidation can be used as sensitive indicators for the heavy metals risk assessment of the Wei River: a case study of planarian Dugesia Japonica.

Author

Liu, Yingyu, Chen, Jinzi, Dong, Zimei, Chen, Guangwen, and Liu, Dezeng

Subjects
HEAVY metals, WATER pollution, RISK assessment, PEROXIDATION, RIVERS
Abstract

To verify antioxidant responses and lipid peroxidation can be used as sensitive indicators for the risk assessment of the Wei River. We investigate the effects of the Wei River on oxidative stress of planarian Dugesia japonica by antioxidant parameters, and use ICP-MS to measure the heavy metals in the Wei River. Then, we observe the effects of three common heavy metal ions (Cr3+, Hg2+, Pb2+) on the regeneration of planarians on morphological and histological levels. The significant changes of antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, T-AOC) and MDA content indicate that oxidative stress is induced after the Wei River exposure on planarians, though the heavy metals in the Wei River are not exceeding the standards. Then, the regeneration of planarians shows different degree of morphological and histological damage after Cr3+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ exposure. We speculate that the heavy metal ions in the Wei River, especially Cr3+, Hg2+ and Pb2+, may give rise to oxidative damage on planarians. These findings illustrate that planarian can serve as an indicator of aquatic ecosystem pollution, antioxidant responses and lipid peroxidation can also be used as sensitive indicators and provide an excellent opportunity for urban river risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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35. Photokinesis and Djopsin gene expression analysis during the regeneration of planarian eyes.

Author

DONG, Zimei, YUWEN, Yanqing, SIMA, Yingxu, DONG, Yanping, ZHAN, Huina, CHEN, Guangwen, and LIU, Dezeng

Subjects
PLATYHELMINTHES, REGENERATION (Biology), TRICLADIDA, DUGESIIDAE, ANATOMY, BEHAVIOR
Abstract

Planarians provide the ideal model for studying eye development, with their simple eye structure and exceptionally rapid regeneration. Here, we observed the eye morphogenesis, photophobic behavior, spectral sensitivity and expression pattern of Djopsin in the freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica. The results showed that: (i) Djopsin encoding the putative protein belonged to the rhabdomeric opsins group and displayed high conservation during animal evolution; (ii) planarians displayed diverse photophobic response to different visible wavelengths and were more sensitive to light blue (495 nm) and yellow (635 nm); (iii) the morphogenesis and functional recovery of eyes were related to the expression pattern of Djopsin during head regeneration; and (iv) Djopsin gene plays a major role in functional recovery during eye regeneration and visual system maintenance in adult planarians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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