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In the current study, a rapid and novel biomimetic nano-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been established for the detection of sulfadiazine (SDZ) using Au@SiO2 nanoparticles labelling as a marker. In this system, gold nanoparticles exhibited intrinsic peroxidase and activity with excellent water-solubility, and the SiO2 nanoparticles as ideal carries possessed a large surface area and ease of surface functionalization. The molecularly imprinted polymer films were selected as bionic antibody because of its advantages of selective recognition and reusability. Combine the above advantages, the method exhibited good stability, recognition capability and sensitivity. Under the optimal condition, the limit of detection of the immunosorbent assay was 0.2 mg/L. Beef sample spiked with SDZ was analysed, and the recoveries were in the 78.00% to 90.96% range. The assay could be used to detect SDZ residues in pork and chicken samples, and the results were not significantly different from those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]