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In order to effectively mitigate the micro-vibration energy from the on-orbit flywheel and high-level vibration transmitted to flywheel system in the launching stage, a nonlinear vibration absorber (NVA) with Euler-buckled beams is developed and investigated in this paper. The NVA is composed of a linear supporting spring and a set of parallel Euler-buckled beams which is used as a negative stiffness corrector. In order to evaluate vibration reduction performance and stability characteristics of this developed nonlinear coupled dynamic system with NVA. First of all, a multi-degree-of-freedom compound dynamic model, including the flywheel system, the NVA and the supporting structural plate in the satellite platform, is built. Then, based on the systematic dynamic equations, the approximate steady-state solutions are derived by using the complexification-averaging (CX-A) method under on-orbit and launching loads, respectively. The analytical method and solutions are validated by using the numerical method. The proposed NVA can realize excellent vibration mitigation performance for the three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) coupled nonlinear system under the launching and on-orbit excitations. Next, the slow-variable manifold equation is analyzed to address the dynamic bifurcation behaviors of the nonlinear compound system and the influences of the excitation amplitude on the bifurcation characteristics are focused on. The results show that a 3-DOF system is more prone to instability and requires larger external excitation to escape the instability region. The calculation results also show that the stiffness ratio and excitation amplitude have significant effects on the bifurcation characteristics, and a proper stiffness ratio can be chosen to avoid bifurcations. Finally, compared with typical pure cubic stiffness NVA, the proposed NVA exhibits greater adaptability, and can work efficiently for a relatively larger range of excitation amplitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) has been shown to activate extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERKs) via distinct pathways dependent on either G‐protein or β‐arrestin. However, there has not been a systematic study of the regulatory process of D2R‐mediated ERKs activation by G protein‐ versus β‐arrestin‐dependent signaling since D2R stimulation of ERKs reflects the simultaneous action of both pathways. Here, we investigated that differential regulation of D2R‐mediated ERKs activation via these two pathways. Our results showed that G protein‐dependent ERKs activation was transient, rapid, reached maximum level at around 2 min, and importantly, the activated ERKs were entirely confined to the cytoplasm. In contrast, β‐arrestin‐dependent ERKs activation was more sustained, slower, reached maximum level at around 10 min, and phosphorylated ERKs translocated into the nucleus. Src was found to be commonly involved in both the G protein‐ and β‐arrestin‐dependent pathway‐mediated ERKs activation. Pertussis toxin Gi/o inhibitor, GRK2‐CT, AG1478 epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, and wortmannin phosphoinositide 3‐kinase inhibitor all blocked G protein‐dependent ERKs activation. In contrast, GRK2 and β‐Arr2 played a main role in β‐arrestin‐dependent ERKs activation. Receptor endocytosis showed minimal effect on the activation of ERKs mediated by both pathways. Furthermore, we found that the formation of a complex composed of phospho‐ERKs, β‐Arr2, and importinβ1 promoted the nuclear translocation of activated ERKs. The differential regulation of various cellular components, as well as temporal and spatial patterns of ERKs activation via these two pathways, suggest the existence of distinct physiological outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two trans-cyanostilbene derivatives were prepared, and their oxidative dimerizations promoted by horseradish peroxidase-H2O2 were investigated. An M5–M5-coupled biphenyl-type dimer was first synthesized from the biomimetic oxidative coupling reaction of 8-cyano-resveratrol. A novel M5–MO-4-coupled diarylether-type dimer was obtained through the oxidation of 3,5-dibromo-8-cyano-resveratrol and the following debromination reaction. The cyano group at the C-8 of two cyano-stilbenes had obvious influences on the regioselectivity of their coupling reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A class-A GPCR dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) plays a critical role in the proper functioning of neuronal circuits through the downstream activation of both G-protein- and β-arrestin-dependent signaling pathways. Understanding the signaling pathways downstream of D2R is critical for developing effective therapies with which to treat dopamine (DA)-related disorders such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. Extensive studies have focused on the regulation of D2R-mediated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 signaling; however, the manner in which ERKs are activated upon the stimulation of a specific signaling pathway of D2R remains unclear. The present study conducted a variety of experimental techniques, including loss-of-function experiments, site-directed mutagenesis, and the determination of protein interactions, in order to investigate the mechanisms underlying β-arrestin-biased signaling-pathway-mediated ERK activation. We found that the stimulation of the D2R β-arrestin signaling pathway caused Mdm2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, to move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and interact with tyrosine phosphorylated G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), which was facilitated by Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. This interaction led to the ubiquitination of GRK2, which then moved to the plasma membrane and interacted with activated D2R, followed by the phosphorylation of D2R as well as the mediation of ERK activation. In conclusion, Mdm2-mediated GRK2 ubiquitination, which is selectively triggered by the stimulation of the D2R β-arrestin signaling pathway, is necessary for GRK2 membrane translocation and its interaction with D2R, which in turn mediates downstream ERK signaling. This study is primarily novel and provides essential information with which to better understand the detailed mechanisms of D2R-dependent signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based upon 2 years of ethnographic fieldwork, this study proposes "aspirational taste regime" as a critical concept through which to examine the emergence of a discursively constructed normative system in China's Pick-Up Artist (PUA) training programs. By unpacking how taste is practiced both digitally and corporeally in these programs, the paper argues that Chinese PUA learners carefully curate taste for an illusionary, at times even deceptive, presentation of idealized masculinities to increase their matrimonial chances. In doing so, this paper extends the literature on taste regimes by moving beyond its typically Western focus. It directs attention to an aspirational taste regime that capitalizes on young men's aspirations for idealized masculinities and prescribes a seemingly effortless but in fact highly curated online presentation of cultural-capital-oriented consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-puerperal uterine inversion is a rare condition with diagnostic and surgical challenges. Clinically, the inverted uterus appears as a mass protruding from the vagina and is often misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor and surgically removed. An 11-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency room due to spontaneous vaginal mass protrusion. The pudendum examination showed an irregular and dark red neoplasm protruding from the vagina. The final diagnosis was non-puerperal uterine inversion with an endometrial polyp. MRI is the key to the diagnosis of uterine inversion. Our review confirmed that the 11-year-old girl was the youngest in the world to suffer from non-puerperal uterine inversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new configuration of an integrated quasi-zero isolator is proposed. • Analytical solutions of IQZS-VCS isolator are derived. • Dynamic performance of isolators is compared through force transmissibility. • Experiments are conducted to verify the developed model and analytical solutions. In this research, a new passive-type integrated quasi-zero stiffness isolator with variable cross-section (IQZS-VCS) characteristic is proposed in order to extend the application fields. Compared with the integrated quasi-zero stiffness isolator with uniform cross-section (IQZS-UCS), the IQZS-VCS isolator has more adjustable structural parameters and can enhance vibration attenuation performance in lower-frequency region. Based on the developed static model, the nonlinear force and nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the IQZS-VCS isolator are evaluated using different design parameters. Furthermore, the effects of different factors on vibration reduction ability of the isolating system are addressed in terms of amplitude-frequency response and force transmissibility. Compared with a traditional linear, IQZS-UCS and conventional three-spring-type quasi-zero stiffness isolators, the proposed isolator exhibits better low-frequency and wide-band isolation performance. Quasi-static and electromagnetic exciting tests reveal that the developed theoretical models and related calculation results of the IQZS-VCS isolator are correct, providing an innovative solution and insight for broadband isolator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stiffness and damping of a structure usually show the opposite change so that the resonant frequency and the static load bearing capacity of a mechanical system often exhibit contradiction. To solve this dilemma, a novel high-damping oscillator which is constructed by a nested diamond structure with the purpose of enhancing the damping property is proposed in this study without reducing the overall systematic stiffness. The mathematical model and geometrical relationships are established at first. And then, the steady-state solutions under base excitation are derived by using the harmonic balance method and further verified by numerical simulation. In addition, the effects of some design parameters on the equivalent damping ratio for the high-damping oscillator are studied to reveal the nonlinear characteristic. Besides, the natural frequency of the nonlinear oscillator is also presented and investigated. By using the displacement transmissibility and comparing with the traditional linear isolator with the same overall stiffness, the vibration suppression performance of the high-damping oscillator is addressed. The obtained calculating results demonstrate that the vibration control performance of the high-damping oscillator outperforms the linear counterpart around resonant frequency. Moreover, the influences of systematic parameters of the high-damping oscillator for the base excitation case on the vibration transmissibility are also discussed, respectively. Finally, an experimental campaign is conducted on an in-house-built test rig to corroborate the accuracy of the analytical solutions of the high-damping oscillation system. The results discussed in this study provide a useful guideline, which can help to design this class of high-damping oscillation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is concerned with structural vibration reduction using a four-parameter isolator designed as a scissor-like structure, which can induce geometric nonlinearity during the deformation process. The displacement transmissibility of the isolator including the geometric nonlinearity under base excitations is thoroughly investigated. First, the dynamic model of the four-parameter isolator is presented. Then, by utilizing the harmonic balanced method (HBM), the steady-state solutions of the inertia mass and auxiliary spring of the proposed isolator are derived. The analytical solutions are validated by comparing with those obtained by the direct numerical integrating method. Besides, the natural frequency of the nonlinear isolation system is presented and investigated. Moreover, the isolation performance of the four-parameter isolator is assessed in terms of the relative and absolute displacement transmissibilities, and compared with that of the linear Zener model, by which the advantages of the present isolator have been clearly revealed. The effects of various design parameters on the displacement transmissibility of the isolator are also analyzed. Finally, a further comparison between the analytical and experimental results under base excitation also shows that the mechanical model used for the four-parameter isolator is accuracy enough. The present results may provide a useful theoretical basis for the design of the four-parameter isolator in engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gymnocypris namensis, the only commercial fish in Namtso Lake of Tibet in China, is rated as nearly threatened species in the Red List of China's Vertebrates. As one of the highest-altitude schizothorax fish in China, G. namensis has strong adaptability to the plateau harsh environment. Although being an indigenous economic fish with high value in research, the biological characterization, genetic diversity, and plateau adaptability of G. namensis are still unclear. Here, we used Pacific Biosciences single molecular real time long read sequencing technology to generate full-length transcripts of G. namensis. Sequences clustering analysis and error correction with Illumina-produced short reads to obtain 319,044 polished isoforms. After removing redundant reads, 125,396 non-redundant isoforms were obtained. Among all transcripts, 103,286 were annotated to public databases. Natural selection has acted on 42 genes for G. namensis, which were enriched on the functions of mismatch repair and Glutathione metabolism. Total 89,736 open reading frames, 95,947 microsatellites, and 21,360 long non-coding RNAs were identified across all transcripts. This is the first study of transcriptome in G. namensis by using PacBio Iso-seq. The acquisition of full-length transcript isoforms might accelerate the transcriptome research of G. namensis and provide basis for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new [3+2+1] annulation strategy based on the heteroatom‐free tri‐atom donor to synthesize 3,6‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrans has been developed. In this method, 2‐arylpropylene served as tri‐atom donor to contribute three carbon atoms, the heteroatom was provided by aldehyde, and DMSO served as one carbon donor and solvent. This annulation reaction gave 3,6‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrans in moderate to good yields. Based on the control experiments, a possible mechanism was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nickel sulfide (NiS 2) is a promising cathode material for Lithium (Li) thermal batteries due to its abundant resources and high theoretical capacity (870 mAh/g). However, its practical discharge capacity is much lower than the theoretical capacity, especially at high current densities. Structure modification is a feasible strategy for optimizing its electrochemical performance. Hence, a Co doping NiS 2 (Ni 1-x Co x S 2 , x = 0.03, 0.05 and 0.08) cathode was designed and constructed using a structural modification strategy. The Ni 0.95 Co 0.05 S 2 cathode demonstrates an optimal specific capacity of 729.3 mAh/g in comparison with NiS 2 (641.6 mAh/g) with a cut-off voltage of 0.5 V at 100 mA/cm2 at 500 °C. Even at a high current density of 500 mA/cm2, the specific capacity of Ni 0.95 Co 0.05 S 2 can reach 671.6 mAh/g. Pulse test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) reveal that Co doping can effectively reduce internal resistance and elevate electron conductivity and ionic transfer rate of NiS 2. Moreover, ex-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) of discharge products of NiS 2 and Ni 0.95 Co 0.05 S 2 suggests that Co doping facilitates the sufficient reaction of NiS 2 , boosting the discharge performance of Li thermal batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triplophysa is an endemic fish genus of the Tibetan Plateau in China. Triplophysa tibetana, which lives at a recorded altitude of ~4,000 m and plays an important role in the highland aquatic ecosystem, serves as an excellent model for investigating high‐altitude environmental adaptation. However, evolutionary and conservation studies of T. tibetana have been limited by scarce genomic resources for the genus Triplophysa. In the present study, we applied PacBio sequencing and the Hi‐C technique to assemble the T. tibetana genome. A 652‐Mb genome with 1,325 contigs with an N50 length of 3.1 Mb was obtained. The 1,137 contigs were further assembled into 25 chromosomes, representing 98.7% and 80.47% of all contigs at the base and sequence number level, respectively. Approximately 260 Mb of sequence, accounting for ~39.8% of the genome, was identified as repetitive elements. DNA transposons (16.3%), long interspersed nuclear elements (12.4%) and long terminal repeats (11.0%) were the most repetitive types. In total, 24,372 protein‐coding genes were predicted in the genome, and ~95% of the genes were functionally annotated via a search in public databases. Using whole genome sequence information, we found that T. tibetana diverged from its common ancestor with Danio rerio ~121.4 million years ago. The high‐quality genome assembled in this work not only provides a valuable genomic resource for future population and conservation studies of T. tibetana, but it also lays a solid foundation for further investigation into the mechanisms of environmental adaptation of endemic fishes in the Tibetan Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Local injection of a multimodal cocktail including corticosteroid is commonly used for postoperative pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, it is inconclusive whether additional corticosteroid is beneficial. This meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an additional, local injection of corticosteroid in terms of pain relief and knee function recovery after TKA. Methods: RCTs in electronic literature databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched. Of 1,628 records identified, 9 RCTs involving 727 knees were eligible for data extraction and meta‐analysis. Results: Local injection of a multimodal cocktail including corticosteroid did not contribute to pain relief within 12 hours postoperatively (P > 0.05). However, from 24 hours to 72 hours, it significantly decreased pain scores (P < 0.05, all) at rest and reduced total rescue opioid consumption postoperatively (P < 0.05). Knee range of motion (ROM) was improved at postoperative day 1 (POD1) and POD2 (P < 0.05), and hospital stay (P < 0.05) was shortened after local injection of corticosteroid. However, the other outcomes, including knee ROM after POD2, C‐reactive protein level, Knee Society score, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and wound complication occurrences, were not significantly different (P > 0.05, all). Conclusions: Additional corticosteroid added to a multimodal cocktail improved postoperative pain, enhanced knee functional recovery, and shortened hospital stays following TKA, but local injection of corticosteroids had no effect on reducing nausea and vomiting based on our outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is one of the most devastating types of pediatric cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that the dysregulated expression of long non-coding (lnc)-RNAs is associated with various pathologies of the CNS. However, the expression patterns and prognostic roles of lncRNAs in DIPG have not yet been systematically determined. In the present study, lncRNA expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using the lncRNA-mining approach and a differential expression analysis for lncRNAs was performed between DIPG and low-grade brainstem glioma and DIPG and normal pediatric brainstem tissue. Using a two-tailed t-test, 58 and 197 lncRNAs were found to be significantly deferentially expressed (Fold change >2 or <0.5, FDR adjusted P<0.05). To identify the prognostic value of these 255 differentially expressed lncRNAs, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were performed and a 9-lncRNA signature as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of DIPG was constructed. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that patients in the high-risk group exhibited a reduced survival time compared with patients in the low-risk group (median survival of 230 vs. 460 days, log-rank test P<0.001). Moreover, this lncRNA-signature could be used as an independent prognostic marker for DIPG patient survival. The present study provided novel candidates for the investigation of potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets of DIPG, as well as a novel insight into the underlying mechanisms of DIPG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous noncoding small RNAs frequently 21 nucleotides long. miRNAs act as negative regulators of their target genes through sequence-specific mRNA cleavage, translational repression, or chromatin modifications. Alterations of the expression of a miRNA or its targets often result in a variety of morphological and physiological abnormalities, suggesting the strong impact of miRNAs on plant development. Here, we review the recent advances on the functional studies of plant miRNAs. We will summarize the regulatory networks of miRNAs in a series of developmental processes, including meristem development, establishment of lateral organ polarity and boundaries, vegetative and reproductive organ growth, etc. We will also conclude the conserved and species-specific roles of plant miRNAs in evolution and discuss the strategies for further elucidating the functional mechanisms of miRNAs during plant development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uterine leiomyomas are common clinical gynecological tumors, which are a major health concern for many women. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of paclitaxel (PTX) on uterine leiomyomas. A mouse model of uterine leiomyomas was established by estradiol benzoate, followed by treatment with increasing doses of PTX. PTX showed no dose-limiting toxicity that affected the survival of mice, and was able to restore the apoptosis level of uterus tissues of the model mice to normal levels. In this study, we discovered that PTX played a critical role in promoting apoptosis in the mouse model of uterine leiomyomas, which provides a new insight into the therapy of uterine leiomyomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro-vibration reduction devices are widely utilized to mitigate disturbances from on-board flywheel in order to enhance the performance for high precision payloads in satellite. However, the conventional micro-vibration suppression devices cannot endure the high-level loadings and effectively control the dynamic responses of the flywheel in launching stage. In this paper, firstly, a new type of dual-stage variable stiffness friction damper (DS-VSFD) is proposed and investigated under the on-orbit and launch loads. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed damper, the mechanism and hysteresis characteristics of the device are introduced in detail and the variable sliding force and displacement of the DS-VSFD are theoretically analyzed. Based on the relationship between output force and displacement of the device, a double-tail-shaped hysteresis curve is illustrated and corresponding stiffness and energy dissipation capacity at different stages are provided. Secondly, a single-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the flywheel system with the DS-VSFD is constructed. The Harmonic Balance Method (HBM) is adopted to derive the force and displacement transmissibility curves in the frequency domain based on the dynamic model under different excitation conditions. In on-orbit stage, it can be observed that the resonance frequency is shifted to higher frequency and the amplitude is lower than that of the linear case in higher frequencies. In launching stage, the peak of displacement transmissibility of the flywheel system has been decreased in the resonance region comparing with the conventional linear isolator. Besides, the resonant frequency of the system has shifted to higher frequency region. Effects of the external excitation amplitude on the force transmissibility are also examined. Finally, comparison between the theoretical and experimental results has been carried out through static and dynamic tests. According to the static mechanical experimental results, it can be demonstrated that the DS-VSFD with wedge-block configuration exhibits stable and reliable hysteresis characteristics. The actual experimental results agree with the calculation results of the system dynamics model with the DS-VSFD in terms of force and displacement transmissibility. The results discussed in this research indicate that the DS-VSFD guarantees both the structural safety of the flywheel system under the launch loads and the micro-vibration reduction of the flywheel under the on-orbit condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NiCo 2 S 4 as a promising anode material for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) with rich redox potential and high theoretical specific capacity, but suffers the poor conductivity and severe volume expansion. The electrode materials with a three-dimensional (3D) framework can facilitate the migration of ions/electrons, enhance structural stability, and alleviate the volume expansion during charging/discharging. Herein, we report the NiCo 2 S 4 nanoparticles anchored on a 3D interpenetrating framework consisting of graphene nanosheets (GNs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to solve the above issues. Benefiting from the structural stability and superior conductivity in special 3D structure, the as-prepared NCS@GNs@CNTs electrode delivers a high initial discharge/charge capacity (558.1/538.8 mAh g1 at 100 mA g−1), superior cyclic stability (362.8 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 200 mA g−1) and an excellent rate capability (311.8 mAh g−1 at 5000 mA g−1). Furthermore, the sodium-ion full-cell Na 3 V 2 (PO 4) 3 @C-NCS@GNs@CNTs test demonstrates that NCS@GNs@CNTs exhibits good cycling stability and further illustrates the possibility in practical applications. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Niyang River, a main tributary of the Yarlung Zangbo River, is an important and typical plateau river ecosystem in Tibet, China. At present, few studies have focused on its aquatic living resources and river ecology. In this study, the composition, abundance, and diversity of periphytic protozoa were investigated across four seasons from 2008 to 2009 to better understand their spatio-temporal patterns and relationship to the environment. Our investigation shows that periphytic protozoa in the Niyang River contained 15 genera, belonged to Tubulinea, Alveolata, Discosea and Rhizaria, Alveolata possessed most genera, up to nine, with highest share in abundance, exceeding 50%, Difflugia and Glaucoma were dominant genera. Moreover, four diversity indices of periphytic protozoa, including species richness, total abundance, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou's evenness index, displayed a significant descending trend as the seasons continued, in the order of winter, spring, summer and autumn; with a significant difference existing between winter and summer (or autumn) for Shannon-Wiener diversity index and species richness ( P<0.05). Four of these diversity indices also presented a V-shaped pattern between the upper middle course of the Niyang River and the confluence of the Niyang River and Yarlung Zangbo River, with the lowest value occurred in the middle course of the Niyang River. However, no significant variation was found through the Niyang River ( P>0.05). In addition, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) shows that the densities of Difflugia, Glaucomais, Enchelydium, Cyphoderia, and Enchelys correlate with water temperature, alkalinity, hardness, pH, and dissolved oxygen, respectively. Lastly, the relationship between periphytic protozoa diversity and the environmental factors of the Niyang River can be predicted using classification and regression trees (CART) annalysis, which suggests that the total abundance and Shannon-Wiener diversity index would be higher when the elevation is above 3 308 m. On the other hand, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou's evenness index would be lower when pH and ammoniacal nitrogen have lower or higher values. Finally yet importantly, close attention should be paid to periphytic protozoa and its environment to ensure sustainable development of the Niyang River ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase family, which is critical to normal tissue remodelling during embryogenesis and wound healing. In patients with endometriosis, increased expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 have been observed in ectopic endometrium, but the plasma and peritoneal fluid concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with endometriosis and their relation to disease severity have not been clear. The aim of the study was to investigate the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in plasma and peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis.Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted in Jinan Military General Hospital between January 2010 and December 2013. Fifty patients with proven endometriosis and 26 endometriosis-free controls were enrolled in this study. Patients with endometriosis were evaluated and divided into moderate/severe endometriosis group (stage I-II, n = 26) and minimal/mild endometriosis group (stage III-IV, n = 24) according to the revised criteria of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Blood samples and peritoneal fluid were obtained from both patients and controls. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in plasma and peritoneal fluid. The concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-9 between different groups was compared and its correlation to disease severity was analysed.Results: Plasma and peritoneal fluid concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with endometriosis were higher than that in controls. In addition, those patients with moderate/severe endometriosis had significantly higher plasma and peritoneal fluid concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 compared to those with minimal/mild endometriosis. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentrations in plasma and peritoneal fluid were both positively correlated with severity of endometriosis and plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentrations had a positive correlation with peritoneal fluid matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentrations in patients with endometriosis.Conclusions: Increased concentrations of plasma and peritoneal fluid concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 appear to be associated with disease severity of endometriosis and may serve as an alternative biomarker to determine disease severity of endometriosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • LNMTO sample exhibits the excellent cycling stability at high temperature in half cells and full cells. • The relevance of Ti4+ doping and safety of LNMO as cathode material was revealed from aspects of structure stability and evaluated temperature properties by experimental and theoretical study. • The enhancement mechanism on safety by Ti4+ doping was put studied. The proposal of net-zero emissions policy promotes the research on safety property of cathode material in lithium ion batteries. Herein, to improve the safety of high voltage LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO) as cathode material in lithium ion batteries, Ti4+ ions were doped into LNMO(LNMTO) and the enhancement mechanisms on safety property were investigated from aspects of structure stability and elevated-temperature properties by experimental and theoretical study. In experimental, the influence of Ti4+ doping on cathode/electrolyte interface stability and cathode thermal stability is explored by differential scanning calorimetry test(DSC), thermal diffusion and In-situ-XRD. Ti4+ doping can effectively improve the structure-stability of LNMO by infusing the stronger Ti-O bands, promoting thermal diffusion and suppressing the unexpected two-phase reactions. Compared with LNMO, LNMTO exhibits superior cycling stability at elevated-temperature with the 100th capacity of 124.1 mAh·g−1, which is equal to 98.8% of the 1st discharge capacity under 2C at 55 °C. Furthermore, we also verified the effectiveness of Ti4+ doping on improving thermal stability in LNMO/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) full cells. This work systematically investigates the effect of Ti4+ doping on safety of LNMO from aspects of structure-stability and elevated-temperature properties, which can be easily stretched into other cathode materials and speed up wider application of LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new heterometallic poly(dihydrate-one and a half terephthalate–cadmium calcium) coordination polymer, namely [CdCa(pdc) 1.5 (H 2 O) 2 ] n ( 1 , H 2 pdc = terephthalic acid), has been successfully obtained by the solvothermal reactions of H 2 pdc, Cd(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O and Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compound 1 features a 3D porous framework based on 1D chain subunits. Moreover, compound 1 is luminescent and exhibits high adsorption capacities for H 2 , CH 4 and CO 2 at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanosized Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /graphene materials have been successfully synthesized by a solid state-assembly method. As the anode materials for lithium ion batteries, nanosized Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /graphene exhibits higher specific capacity, much improved rate capability, and better cycle stability than the pure Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 . In the potential range of 1.0-2.0 V at room temperature, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /graphene with weight ratio of LTO:GO to 1000:5 shows discharge capacities of more than 144 and 96.2 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 1C and 3C charge-discharge rates, while the correspond discharge capacities of pure Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 are only 108 and 75.4 mAh g −1 , respectively. The resulting Li 4 Ti 5 O 15 /graphene (1000:5) sample demonstrates remarkable rate capability in that it delivers a reversible capacity of 53.4 mAh g −1 in the 1000th cycle at 10C charge-discharge rate, about 240% that of pristine Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 particles (22.2 mAh g −1 ). The low charge-transfer resistance and large lithium ion diffusion coefficients confirmed that Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /graphene materials possessed better electronic conductivity and lithium ion mobility. The present work demonstrates that Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /graphene composite is a promising anode material for high-rate and long life lithium ion batteries and this simple preparation method makes its production on a large scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which aims to determine the relation of serum omentin-1 concentration with the presence and severity of preeclampsia. It states that the study was conducted by measuring serum concentrations of omentin-1 in 128 women with preeclampsia and 96 women with uncomplicated pregnancies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. It is inferred that decreased concentrations of serum omentin-1 is observed to be linked with the presence and severity of preeclampsia.

Background and aims: The effect of body fat deposition on the kidney has received increasing attention. The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) is an important indicator of recent research. The purpose of this study was to explore the predictive value of CVAI and other organ obesity indicators in predicting CKD in Chinese residents. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 5355 subjects was performed. First, the study utilized locally estimated scatterplot smoothing to describe the dose–response relationship between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and CVAI. The L1-penalized least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithm was used for covariation screening, and the correlation between CVAI and eGFR was quantified using multiple logistic regression. At the same time, the diagnostic efficiency of CVAI and other obesity indicators was evaluated by ROC curve analysis. Results: CVAI and eGFR were negatively correlated. Using group one as the control, an odds ratio (OR) was calculated to quantify CVAI quartiles (ORs of Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 2.21, 2.99, and 4.42, respectively; P for trend < 0.001). CVAI had the maximum area under the ROC curve compared with other obesity indicators, especially in the female population (AUC: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.71–0.76). Conclusions: CVAI is closely linked to renal function decline and has certain reference value for the screening of CKD patients, particularly in women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] A novel assay method based on FRET between fluorescent SiNPs and AuNPs was developed. [•] The method was based on the conformation change of aptamer lead by target recognition. [•] The aptamer toward adenosine without modification was split into two fragments. [•] The method was label-free without the modification of fluorescent SiNPs or AuNPs. [•] The detection limit of adenosine was as low as 45nM with excellent specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Production conditions of ZrC, Zr and C(graphite) condensed phases in the chemical vapor deposition process with ZrCl4–CH4–H2–Ar precursor system have been investigated based on thermodynamic analyses using the FactSage code. The yields of condensed phases have been examined as functions of the injected reactant ratios of ZrCl4/(ZrCl4 +CH4), H2/(ZrCl4 +CH4) and Ar/(ZrCl4 +CH4), the temperature and the pressure. The results show that the yields strongly depend on the molar ratios of the ZrCl4/(ZrCl4 +CH4) and H2/(ZrCl4 +CH4) injected reactant and on the temperature, but are insensitive to the inert gas Ar ratio and pressure. The co-deposition of ZrC with Zr or C(graphite) can be easily controlled by changing the ratios of ZrCl4/CH4 and H2/(ZrCl4 +CH4). Process conditions such as high input amount of H2, relatively low amount of Ar, low pressure and temperature above 1300K are favorable for the deposition of ZrC. The results of this work will be helpful for further experimental investigation on different deposition conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is the most common benign hepatocellular tumor, and its causes remain unclear. In Western countries, HCA is usually seen in the women of reproductive age who have a history of long - term use of oral contraceptives ( OCs) . In the latest 2010 WHO Histological Classification of Hepatobiliary Tumors, which is mainly based on the research results in European countries, it is proposed that HCA is classified into four molecular subtypes, i. e., type I: HNF1ct - inactivated HCA; type II: p - catenin - activated HCA; type III: inflammatory HCA; type IV: unclassified HCA. The research progress in the molecular pathology of HCA in foreign countries is reviewed. In addition, the main results of a recent study of 189 patients with HCA who underwent hepatectomy in our hospital are outlined. It was shown that 70% of HCA patients were middle - aged men, and 50% were overweight or obese; even female patients seldom had a history of long - term use of OCs. The gene sequencing showed that the mutational hotspots and frequency of HNF1ct in this group of HCA patients were significantly different from those reported in European countries, and no p - catenin and gp130 mutations were found. Therefore, based on the above results, it is considered that the population and pathogenesis of HCA are diiferent in China than in European countries. In light of the reports of malignant transformation of HCA in literature, a feasibility study is conducted to assess the risk of malignant transformation of HCA by detecting the microsatellite instability or loss of heterozygosity, which may provide a molecular pathological basis for developing individualized treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A class of hydrophilic, photostable, biocompatiable, and highly fluorescent streptavidin-functionalized silica nanoparticles were developed, in which Rhodamine B isothiocyanate molecules were covalently embedded by using Stöber method. The silica nanoparticles were ∼60 nm in size and had average fluorescence intensity 4000 times higher than dye molecules. To reduce the severe aggregation, silica nanoparticles were modified with amino groups on the surface by adding (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane together with methylphosphonate groups using 3-trihydroxysilylpropylmethylphosphonate, followed by functionalization with streptavidin. The resulting streptavidin-functionalized silica nanoparticles were used for the detection of by reverse-phase protein microarrays based on classical linkage system constituted by biotin-streptavidin conjugation. The calibration curve was linear over the range from 40 amol to 640 amol and the limit of detection was 10 amol, which was 8 times lower than that of streptavidin-labeled cyanine fluorescent dyes. This promising technology may be potential applied for multiplexed signaling and bioassays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Li3V2− x Sn x (PO4)3/C cathode materials with uniform and fine particle sizes were successfully and fast synthesized by a microwave solid-state synthesis method. X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated that the appropriate addition of Sn did not destroy the lattice structure of Li3V2(PO4)3/C, but decreased the unit cell volume. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that the main chemical state of V in the Li3V1.95Sn0.05(PO4)3/C composite is +3 valence, while the chemical state of Sn in the Li3V1.95Sn0.05(PO4)3/C is +4 valence. Scanning electron microscope analysis illustrated that the addition of Sn slightly affected the morphology of samples. As the cathode materials for Li-ion batteries, Li3V2− x Sn x (PO4)3/C (x ⩽0.10) exhibited higher discharge capacity and better cycle stability than the pure one. At a discharge rate of 0.5C in the potential range of 2.5–4.5V at room temperature, the initial discharge capacity of Li3V1.95Sn0.05(PO4)3/C was 136mAh/g. The low charge-transfer resistances and large lithium ion diffusion coefficients confirmed that Sn-doped Li3V2(PO4)3/C samples possessed better electronic conductivity and lithium ion mobility. These improved electrochemical performances can be attributed to the appropriate amount of Sn doping in Li3V2(PO4)3/C system by enhancing structural stability and electrical conductivity. The present study also demonstrates that the microwave processing is a fast, simple and useful method for the fabrication of Li3V2(PO4)3/C crystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Microscale Li4Ti5−x Zn x O12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) particles with high phase purity were synthesized by a simple solid-state reaction. The effect of the zinc doping on the physicochemical properties of Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) was extensively studied by TG-DSC, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, CV, EIS, and galvanostatic charge–discharge testing. The crystallization of lithium titanate oxide forms at about 750 °C. The lattice parameter of the Zn-doped LTO samples is slightly smaller than that for the pure LTO samples, and zinc doping does not change the basic Li4Ti5O12 structure. Even though the material has a particle size of 1–2 μm, Zn-doped LTO shows very high excellent capacity retention between 0 and 2.5 V. Especially, in rate performance, the Li4Ti4.8Zn0.2O12 sample maintains capacity of about 180 mAh g−1 until 5 C rates after 200 cycles, while the pure LTO sample shows severe capacity decline at corresponding rates. The reason for the high rate performance of Zn-doped LTO anode is ascertained to the diffusion coefficient (D Li) and reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ion. The superior cycling performance and wide discharge voltage range, as well as simple synthesis route and low synthesis cost of the Zn-doped LTO are expected to show a potential commercial application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the mixed reality (MR) environment, the task of target motion perception is usually undertaken by vision. This approach suffers from poor discrimination and high cognitive load when the tasks are complex. This cannot meet the needs of the air traffic control field for rapid capture and precise positioning of the dynamic targets in the air. Based on this problem, we conducted a multimodal optimization study on target motion perception judgment by controlling the hand tactile sensor to achieve the use of tactile sensation to assist vision in MR environment. This allows it to adapt to the requirements of future development-led interactive tasks under the mixed reality holographic aviation tower. Motion perception tasks are usually divided into urgency sensing for multiple targets and precise position tracking for single targets according to the number of targets and task division. Therefore, in this paper, we designed experiments to investigate the correlation between tactile intensity-velocity correspondence and target urgency, and the correlation between the PRS (position, rhythm, sequence) tactile indication scheme and position tracking. We also evaluated it through comprehensive experiment. We obtained the following conclusions: (1) high, higher, medium, lower, and low tactile intensities would bias human visual cognitive induction to fast, faster, medium, slower, and slow motion targets. Additionally, this correspondence can significantly improve the efficiency of the participants' judgment of target urgency; (2) under the PRS tactile indication scheme, position-based rhythm and sequence cues can improve the judgment effect of human tracking target dynamic position, and the effect of adding rhythm cues is better. However, when adding rhythm and sequence cues at the same time, it can cause clutter; (3) tactile assisted vision has a good improvement effect on the comprehensive perception of dynamic target movement. The above findings are useful for the study of target motion perception in MR environments and provide a theoretical basis for subsequent research on the cognitive mechanism and quantitative of tactile indication in MR environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eggplant ( Solanum melongena) is an economically important vegetable requiring investigation into its various genomic functions. The current limitation in the investigation of genomic function in eggplant is the lack of effective tools available for conducting functional assays. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) has played a critical role in the functional genetic analyses. In this paper, TRV-mediated VIGS was successfully elicited in eggplant. We first cloned the CDS sequence of PDS ( PHYTOENE DESATURASE) in eggplant and then silenced the PDS gene. Photo-bleaching was shown on the newly-developed leaves four weeks after agroinoculation, indicating that VIGS can be used to silence genes in eggplant. To further illustrate the reliability of VIGS in eggplant, we selected Chl H, Su and CLA1 as reporters to elicit VIGS using the high-pressure spray method. Suppression of Chl H and Su led to yellow leaves, while the depletion of CLA1 resulted in albino. In conclusion, four genes, PDS, Chl H, Su ( Sulfur), CLA1, were down-regulated significantly by VIGS, indicating that the VIGS system can be successfully applied in eggplant and is a reliable tool for the study of gene function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a Chinese adaptation of the play "Desire Under the Elms," by American dramatist Eugene O'Neill and how a unique Chinese perspective has been added to the play. The play was translated to as a traditional Chinese play, a Sichuan opera, and as a Henan qu opera. Translations of the play were written by Xu Fen and Meng Hua. The popularity of O'Neill's plays in post-Cultural Revolution China is discussed as is the constraints that were put upon Chinese theater because of communism. Both adapters altered the religious aspects of the original text because the references to Puritanism were not interesting to a Chinese audience or replaced them with references to Buddhism or the Tao.

• The three-dimensional network structure of NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrode materials for LIBs and SIBs was constructed. • The NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrode materials exhibit superior electrochemical performance. • The conversion mechanism of NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrode materials and the cycle reversibility of conversion products were proved. • The energy storage behavior of NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrodes (the combination of capacitance and diffusion) during the process of charge and discharge was indicated by CV curves of different scanning scans. The three-dimensional network structure of NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrode materials for LIBs and SIBs composing NiCo 2 S 4 nanoflakes anchored on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which was prepared by electrostatic adsorption through a two-step solvothermal method. This composite structure is helpful to alleviate the volume expansion effect of NiCo 2 S 4 materials and enhance the conductivity of composite electrode materials. Therefore, NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs anode materials exhibit good cycle stability (after 80 cycles, the NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrodes deliver the capacities of 783.17 mAh g−1 for LIBs and 291.10 mAh g−1 for SIBs) and rate performance (the NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrodes show 517.64 mAh g−1 in LIBs and 169.29 mAh g−1 in SIBs at 1000 mA g−1). Moreover, the conversion mechanism of NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrode materials was revealed combined with in-situ XRD, ex-situ XRD, ex-situ Raman spectrum and HRTEM. The cycle reversibility of conversion products in lithium and sodium storage process were also proved. Furthermore, the energy storage behavior of NiCo 2 S 4 @CNTs electrodes (the combination of capacitance and diffusion) during the process of charge and discharge both in LIBs and SIBs was indicated by CV curves of different scanning scans. Such conversion reaction mechanism provides a reference for the research of this kind of materials in other alkali metal ion batteries. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The effect of methyl group on the cooperativity of CH···O blue-shifted hydrogen bond in HCHO–HCHO–HCHO cyclic complex has been studied with quantum chemical calculations at the MP2/6-31+G(d,p) level. We report herein the optimized geometries of the stable structures, their vibrational frequencies, NMR chemical shifts, stabilization energies, and binding energies. The cooperativity of CH···O blue-shifted hydrogen bond varies from −0.57kcal/mol in triformaldehyde through −0.65kcal/mol in trimethyltriformaldehyde to −0.79kcal/mol in trifluorotriformaldehyde. The result indicates that the methyl group has a little enhancing effect on the cooperativity of CH···O blue-shifted hydrogen bond in the cyclic complex. A negative nonadditivity of methyl group is evaluated in enhancing the cooperativity of three CH···O blue-shifted hydrogen bonds. In the formation of the CH···O blue-shifted hydrogen bond, the methyl group in the proton-acceptor plays a positive contribution, whereas that in the proton-donor plays a negative contribution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The longest central nervous system (CNS) specific isoform of the major myelin-associated inhibitor of neurite growth, Nogo-A, has previously been shown to be expressed largely in oligodendrocytes. Using an antibody raised against a recombinant fusion protein comprising amino acids 223–399 of Nogo-A, we show in this report that Nogo-A is also expressed in the cell body of a distinct set of CNS neurons. The antibody detects a single protein band of 220 kDa in rat brain lysate and neuroblastoma cell lysates. Immunofluorescent analyses reveal that Nogo-A is found largely in the endoplasmic reticulum of neuroblastoma cell lines SH-SY5Y and NIE-115. In the mouse CNS, Nogo-A can be found in specific subsets of neuronal cell bodies in addition to oligodendrocytes, but not glial fibrillary associated protein positive astrocytes or MAC-1 positive microglia. Our results provide a conclusive demonstration of the expression of Nogo-A in CNS neurons, which suggests that Nogo-A may have distinct endogenous roles in neurons other than its known ability to inhibit neurite growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

MicroRNA-30a-5p (miR-30a-5p), which functions as a tumor suppressor, has been reported to be downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and to be associated with cancer invasion. However, the detailed regulatory mechanism of curcumol in the malignant progression of CRC remains unknown. MTT, Transwell, scratch, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assays were performed to examine how curcumol inhibited CRC cell viability, invasion and migration, and to detect the role of miR-30a-5p and curcumol in the invasion and Hippo signaling pathways of CRC cells. The present study revealed that miR-30a-5p expression was downregulated in human CRC tissues and cells. The results demonstrated that miR-30a-5p downregulation was accompanied by the inactivation of the Hippo signaling pathway, which was demonstrated to promote CRC cell viability, invasion and migration. Curcumol treatment was identified to increase miR-30a-5p expression and to activate the Hippo signaling pathway, which in turn inhibited the invasion and migration of CRC cells. Overexpression of miR-30a-5p enhanced the effects of curcumol on cell invasion and migration, and the Hippo signaling pathway in CRC cells. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-30a-5p reversed the effects of curcumol on cell invasion and migration, and the Hippo signaling pathway in CRC cells. These findings identified novel signaling pathways associated with miR-30a-5p and revealed the effects of curcumol on miR-30a-5p expression. Therefore, curcumol may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to delay CRC progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer (CC) is a common malignancy in gynecology. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as vital mediators in CC. However, the roles of circRNA ring finger protein 121 (circRNF121) in CC are largely unknown. Herein, we focused on the exact function and underlying mechanism of circRNF121 in CC development. Our results showed that circRNF121 was highly expressed in CC tissues and cells. Knockdown of circRNF121 suppressed cell growth, metastasis, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), autophagy, and wnt/β‐catenin pathway in CC cells in vitro and blocked tumor formation in vivo. For mechanism investigation, circRNF121 could affect activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) expression by decoying miR‐153‐3p, thereby accelerating CC cell development. In conclusion, circRNF121 exerted the tumor‐suppressive role in CC progression by altering miR‐153‐3p/ATF2 axis. These results suggested that circRNF121 might be a possible circ‐targeted therapy for patients with CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liu, H.P., 2020. Water supply policy in the field of view of Marx's philosophy. In: Guido Aldana, P.A. and Kantamaneni, K. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Coastal Management, and Marine Science Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 104, pp. 394–397. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Since the general layout of the "five-in-one" of socialism with Chinese characteristics was put forward, the construction of ecological civilization has become more and more prominent, and the construction of ecological civilization has risen to a new level. Among the components of ecological resources, water resources occupy a very prominent position and role, so the construction of ecological civilization system has become the focus of research. This paper focuses on the research on water supply policies under Marx's philosophy in M City, and analyzes the impact of each policy on the carrying capacity of water resources. Under the condition of ensuring the rational allocation of water resources, this paper makes a rational suggestion and opinion on the water safety of M city and promoting the scientific development of economy by exploring the policy affecting water resources and discussing its role and significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dual defect mediated Z-scheme MoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst was fabricated via a simple ultrasonic dispersion and annealing method. The structural, optical and electronic property was systematically characterized. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrated that the MoS 2 was anchored on the g-C 3 N 4 through strong interface electrostatic interaction, which led to the formation of built-in electric field at the contact interface. The optimized MoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction achieved a superior photoefficiency towards bisphenol A (BPA) degradation and exhibited the reaction rate normalized to specific surface area of 3.22 × 10−4 g·min−1 m−2, approximately 10.0 and 6.7 times larger than these of g-C 3 N 4 and MoS 2 , respectively. The origin of the enhanced photocatalytic activity of MoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 was attributed to the formation of intimate Z-scheme surface heterostructure between MoS 2 and g-C 3 N 4 , thus improved the light-harvesting ability, facilitated fast charge separation and created more active sites. The impact of anionic towards degradation efficiency was investigated. The degradation activity and degree of BPA were investigated by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D EEM) fluorescence technique. The Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism and the significant contribution of holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (O 2 −) were demonstrated by electron spinning resonance (EPR), radical scavenger experiment and spectral quantification technology. This work could offer a new protocol for the design of highly efficient heterostructure photocatalysts towards environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploiting metal-free cocatalysts is of huge interest for photocatalytic technology in environmental wastewater remediation and water splitting fields. The N doped carbon quantum dots (NCDs) modified defect-rich g-C 3 N 4 (DCN) was prepared through impregnation method. The structural, optical and electronic properties of NCDs/DCN were systematically investigated. The NCDs/DCN with outstanding visible light absorption, narrowed gap and electron transfer ability were conducive to combined pollutions photocatalytic removal and simultaneous H 2 production and rhodamine B (RhB) degradation. The resulting NCDs/DCN performed much higher removal efficiency in different combined pollutions systems containing OFL/Cr (VI), BPA/Cr (VI) and CIP/Cr (VI) than in single system owing to the synergistic effect between organic pollution oxidation and Cr (VI) reduction. The free-radical quenching experiments, spectral technology and electron spin resonance (ESR) confirmed that Cr(VI) can be reduced by the conduction band (CB) electrons, and the h+ and O 2 − radicals dominated OFL degradation. The optimized NCDs/DCN displayed excellent simultaneously photocatalytic H 2 production activity and RhB degradation with the H 2 evolution rate of 3.68 μmol‧h−1‧g−1 and 100% RhB removal efficiency. The photocatalytic activity of simultaneous combined pollutions removal and synergistic H 2 generation and RHB degradation provides a promising strategy for real wastewater remediation applications and energy utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The porous g-C 3 N 4 ultra-thin nanosheet with tunable nitrogen vacancy was obtained. • Nitrogen vacancy plays significant role in modulating photocatalytic properties. • The photocatalytic disinfection mechanism was deeply studied by multi technologies. In this work, porous defective g-C 3 N 4 ultrathin nanosheets were prepared through thermal condensation of freeze-dried precursor. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations well predicted the role of V N in modulating energy levels and photocatalytic properties. The optimally defective g-C 3 N 4 manifested the better photocatalytic disinfection performance towards E. coli and S. aureus than pristine g-C 3 N 4 , respectively. The gradual damaged cell membrane for E. coli and the intimate mechanical constraint for S. aureus was imaged to further decipher the antibacterial behavior. The synergistic effect of enhanced visible light absorption ability, more exposed active sites and improved photogenerated charge separation was responsible for excellent photocatalytic disinfection activity. The photocatalytic disinfection mechanism towards E. coli was explored by electron spinning resonance (EPR), radical scavenger and spectral quantification technology, confirming the major role of h+ and O 2 −. This study provides alternative strategy for rational design of effective g-C 3 N 4 -based photocatalysts by defective engineering for environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate that treatment with the cytokine human interferon-β (IFN-β) resulted in a beneficial outcome in a rabbit model of thromboembolic cerebral ischemia. Rabbits administered subcutaneously with IFN-β prior to (pre-treatment) or after (post-treatment) the introduction of an autologous blood clot into the middle cerebral artery have consistently smaller subcortical infarct volumes compared to control (untreated) counterparts. The average subcortical infarct volume of pre-treatment rabbits is 46.3±9.3 mm3 (n=4), and that of post-treatment rabbit is 40.0±23.1 mm3 (n=4). Both are significantly lower (P=0.003 and P=0.004, respectively) than the average subcortical infarct volume of control rabbits (121.6±32.9 mm3, n=5). Although the precise mechanism responsible for the beneficial effect of IFN-β on stroke is not yet clear, our results are in line with the known anti-inflammatory potential and anti-apoptotic function of IFN-β. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objectives: The aim was to explore the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of stage-I intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL). Materials and methods: From January 2019 to January 2023, clinical, pathological, and MRI data were collected from 19 cases confirmed by surgical pathology. Two radiologists retrospectively measured the tumor sizes, T1WIs, T2WIs, and ADC values and evaluated contrast-enhanced T1WIs, DWIs, complications and parauterine infiltrations. The number of tumor cells and the total nuclear area were measured. The percentage of tumor cell area out of the total area was used as the tumor cell density. Results: Nineteen patients with stage-I IVL aged 33 to 66 years (mean age: 46 ± 7.6 years) were included in this study. All 19 cases were located in the myometrium or parametrium, with a mean diameter of 11.2 ± 4.8 cm. Among these cases, 14 (73.6%) were associated with leiomyoma, and six (31.6%) involved the broad ligament. Isointensity was observed in the T1WIs of 12 cases (63.2%), while slight hypointensity was seen in five patients (26.3%). Isointensity was observed in the on T2WIs of four cases (21.1%), and iso- or slight hyperintensity was observed in 15 cases (78.9%). A significant difference was detected between the normalized T2WIs of IVL and myometrium (p < 0.001). A Pearson correlation test showed demonstrated a negative correlation between the ADC and tumor cell density values (r = − 0.946, p < 0.001). Tortuous vessels were present in 17 cases (89.5%) within or next to the lesions, and multiple winding cord-like filling defects were seen in 11 cases (57.9%) within the tortuous vessels on the T2WIs. Conclusion: Identifying the characteristic MRI features of stage-I IVL helped improve the diagnostic accuracy achieves for this rare tumor. Stage-I IVL often presents as a large mass accompanied by leiomyoma, and it easily invades the broad ligament. TIWI signals exhibited isointensity, and T2WI signals contained iso- or slight hyperintensity. Tortuous vessels were present within or next to the lesions, and multiple winding cord-like filling defects were observed within the tortuous vessels on the T2WIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Photoperiod-sensitivity is a critical endogenous regulatory mechanism for plant growth and development under specific environmental conditions, while phosphate and sucrose signaling processes play key roles in cell growth and organ initiation. MicroRNA399 is phosphate-responsive, but, whether it has roles in other metabolic processes remains unknown. Results: MicroRNA399 was determined to be sucrose-responsive through a microRNA array assay. High levels of sucrose inhibited the accumulation of microRNA399 family under phosphate starvation conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana. Similarly, exogenous sucrose supplementation also reduced microRNA399 expression in maize at developmental transition stages. RNA sequencing of a near-isogenic line(photoperiod-sensitive) line and its recurrent parent Huangzao4, a photoperiod-insensitive line, was conducted at various developmental stages. Members of microRNA399 family were down-regulated under long-day conditions in the photoperiod-sensitive near-isogenic line that accumulated more sucrose in vivo compared with the control line Huangzao4. Conclusion: MicroRNA399s may play central roles in the integration of sucrose sensing and photoperiodic responses under long day conditions in maize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Mechanisms for high-altitude adaption have attracted widespread interest among evolutionary biologists. Several genome-wide studies have been carried out for endemic vertebrates in Tibet, including mammals, birds, and amphibians. However, little information is available about the adaptive evolution of highland fishes. Glyptosternon maculatum (Regan 1905), also known as Regan or barkley and endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, belongs to the Sisoridae family, order Siluriformes (catfishes). This species lives at an elevation ranging from roughly 2,800 m to 4,200 m. Hence, a high-quality reference genome of G. maculatum provides an opportunity to investigate high-altitude adaption mechanisms of fishes. Findings To obtain a high-quality reference genome sequence of G. maculatum, we combined Pacific Bioscience single-molecule real-time sequencing, Illumina paired-end sequencing, 10X Genomics linked-reads, and BioNano optical map techniques. In total, 603.99 Gb sequencing data were generated. The assembled genome was about 662.34 Mb with scaffold and contig N50 sizes of 20.90 Mb and 993.67 kb, respectively, which captured 83% complete and 3.9% partial vertebrate Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs. Repetitive elements account for 35.88% of the genome, and  22,066 protein-coding genes were predicted from the genome, of which 91.7% have been functionally annotated. Conclusions We present the first comprehensive de novo genome of G. maculatum. This genetic resource is fundamental for investigating the origin of G. maculatum and will improve our understanding of high-altitude adaption of fishes. The assembled genome can also be used as reference for future population genetic studies of G. maculatum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the 2022 Russia-Ukraine conflict exacerbated the natural gas supply shortage in European countries. European countries restarted coal-fired power plants to maintain economic and social operations. The uneven distribution of coal resources in the world makes coal international trade inevitable. The intricate trade relations between trading countries have formed a coal trade network. When a country's coal exports are limited due to geopolitical factors, it will cause coal supply risks. The risk will spread to more countries along the trade network, eventually leading to the collapse of the trade network. This paper builds a crisis propagation model of the coal supply under the Russia-Ukraine conflict using the cascading failure model. The results showed that the Czech Republic, Ireland, Portugal, and Bulgaria become abnormal as the proportion of coal exports β increases. When the Russian Federation reduced its coal exports by 80% and countries maintained only 10% coal exports against crisis, 23 European countries were the worst. Iceland, Ireland, Turkey and other countries were spread by the indirect risk and became abnormal countries. The Czech Republic and Bulgaria were spread by multiple risk and became abnormal countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Family caregivers of elderly patients with spinal tumours experience considerable pain and burden during the care process. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with caregiver burden in family caregivers of elderly patients with spinal tumours.Methods: A total of 220 elderly patients with spinal tumours (age ≥ 65 years) hospitalized at the spine centre of our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 and their family caregivers were recruited for this cross-sectional study. All participants completed a sociodemographic questionnaire. Caregiver burden, social support and self-efficacy were assessed by the Chinese version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), respectively. The factors related to caregiver burden were analysed by multivariate analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The 216 elderly patients with spinal tumours were 71.59 ± 8.49 years old, and their caregivers were 70.46 ± 9.13 years old. A total of 170 patients were cared for by their spouses, who accounted for 78.7% of all caregivers. The ZBI score for the family caregivers was 35.5 ± 7.5, and most caregivers (84.5%) reported a moderate or heavy burden. The factors related to caregiver burden included patient paralysis, the primary cancer site, chemotherapy and/or radiation, cognitive dysfunction, functional status, monthly income, pain score, caregivers' SSRS score, and GSE score.Conclusions: Most family caregivers of elderly patients with spinal tumours have a considerable caregiver burden. Interventions based on social support and self-efficacy can help reduce caregiver burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]