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The rapid expansion of energy storage integration has not provided sufficient time to strengthen and expand the transmission and distribution network. This issue can lead to PCC congestion in green multi-microgrid (MMG) systems. In these systems, microgrids operate independently and connect to the grid at a point of common coupling (PCC) without sharing operational data with neighboring microgrids. To address this issue, this paper proposes a bi-level optimization model designed to reschedule hydrogen storage systems. The first level allows each microgrid to optimize its energy transactions with the grid and communicates any unbalanced energy to the second level, where a hydrogen management system (HMS) is introduced. The HMS optimizes virtual hydrogen prices to address the PCC congestion and maximize the MMG's profit. These virtual prices are then sent to the first level, allowing the microgrids to reschedule the hydrogen storage systems based on these virtual prices. Finally, the MMG's profit is fairly allocated among the microgrids using the Shapley value method. The proposed method's effectiveness is demonstrated using simulations, which show a six percent increase in MMG profit compared to scenarios that only share PCC capacity while maintaining the data privacy of all the involved microgrids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CdSe/CdS quantum rods (QRs) are excellent photoluminescent nanomaterials for display applications owing to their large Stokes shift and narrow emission line width. However, integrating QRs into phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (Pc-LEDs) poses challenges due to their significant fluorescent quenching and long-term instability. Here, we developed a nanocomposite structure to enhance the efficiency and stability of QRs by embedding them in a layer-by-layer assembled BN nanoplate via SiO2 cross-linking. The two-dimensional SiO2/BN assembly structure facilitates effective scattering to blue light, which improves the light absorption and minimizes the required amount of QRs to suppress light reabsorption. Furthermore, the BN nanoplates provide effective heat conduction to reduce thermal-induced fluorescence quenching of QRs in Pc-LEDs. The CdSe/CdS/SiO2/BN assembly structure (QRBNs)-based Pc-LEDs demonstrate significantly improved efficiency and long-term stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

South Korea, ranking ninth among the largest energy consumers and seventh in carbon dioxide emissions from 2016 to 2021, faces challenges in energy security and climate change mitigation. The primary challenge lies in transitioning from fossil fuel dependency to a more sustainable and diversified energy portfolio while meeting the growing energy demand for continued economic growth. This necessitates fostering innovation and investment in the green energy sector. This study examines the potential impact of green energy expansion (through integrating renewable energy and hydrogen production) and gas import reduction on South Korea's economic growth using a system dynamics approach. The findings indicate that increasing investment in green energy can result in significant growth rates ranging from 7% to 35% between 2025 and 2040. Under the expansion, renewable energy scenario (A) suggests steady but sustainable economic growth in the long term, while the gas import reduction scenario (B) displays a potential for rapid economic growth in the short term with possible instability in the long term. The total production in Scenario B is USD 2.7 trillion in 2025 and will increase to USD 4.8 trillion by 2040. Scenario C, which combines the effects of both Scenarios A and B, results in consistently high economic growth rates over time and a substantial increase in total production by 2035–2040, from 20% to 46%. These findings are critical for policymakers in South Korea as they strive for sustainable economic growth and transition to renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]