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Chromite is one of the main indicator minerals in kimberlite diamond deposit. Accurate content analysis of the chemical compositions such as FeO, MgO, Cr2O3, Al2O3 and TiO2 in chromite is the key for the naming of chromite, and significant indication for kimberlite diamond deposit prospecting as well. The electron probe spectroscopy is used to analyze the major chemical elements in chromite, and the micro-area chemical analysis of measured samples to infer the mineral name. The analysis results of 25 single mineral samples show that the contents of major chemical components are 15.666%-29.971% of FeO, 7.286%-11.477% of MgO and 56.421%-71.111% of Cr2O3, with minor chemical components MnO 0.012%-0.382%, Al2O3 0.871%-8.993% and TiO2 0.074%-3.375%. The total mineral chemical composition is 99.117%-100.877%. The chemical composition of single mineral is equivalent to that of chromite. According to the mineral characteristics by artificial heavy mineral identification and positions of ion groups A and B, it can be determined that the measured sample is magnochromite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel Cd(II)-ion-imprinted silica-supportedhybrid sorbent functionalizedwith tetradentate Schiff bases ligands derived from 2-thiophenecarboxaldehydeand 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyltrimethoxysilane forthe selective removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media had been synthesizedby a surface-imprinting technique in conjunction with a sol–gelprocess and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy, N2adsorption–desorptionisotherms, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results revealed thatthe static adsorption capacity of Cd(II) was 29.1 mg·g–1. The imprinted hybrid sorbent exhibited a fast equilibrium timewith 30 min, had a stable binding capacity in the range of pH 3.5–9.5,and showed the selective adsorption for Cd(II) in binary ions systemsof Cd(II)/Zn(II), Cd(II)/Ni(II), Cd(II)/Cu(II), and Cd(II)/Pb(II).The adsorption/desorption cycles of the imprinted hybrid sorbent couldbe up to nine times. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevichisotherm models were applied to analyze the experimental data, andthe best interpretation for the experimental data was given by theLangmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption kinetics could be fittedby pseudo-second-order rate equation wonderfully compared with pseudo-first-order,Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. Negative values of ΔG° indicated the spontaneous adsorption, and the degreeof the spontaneity increased with increasing temperature. The thermodynamicparameters of ΔH° and ΔS° were 11.77 kJ·mol–1and 74.98 J·K–1·mol–1, respectively. Thus,this novel imprinted hybrid sorbent was a favorable, useful, and promisinggood candidate material for the selective removal of Cd(II) ions fromaqueous media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] We develop a new DGT device for measuring the labile Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ in waters. [•] A water-soluble polymer-bound Schiff base was used as the binding agents of DGT device. [•] 98.7–103.7% of the total concentrations of metals were obtained with uptake experiment of DGT technique. [•] Fewer percentages of labile metals were measured by the DGT device with higher lever of ligands. [•] The different labile fractions of metals were dependent on the binding strengths of binding agents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A new Cd-doped titanium–oxo cluster (TOC) stabilized by tert-butylacetic acid ligands has been prepared through an easily handled solvothermal reaction; photocatalytic studies indicate that it displays good H2 evolution ability (3.15 μmol h−1), and moreover preserves high catalytic stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytolacacinoside A (1), a novel triterpenoid saponin, together with the seven known compounds, was isolated from 75% ethanol extract of the root of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb (Phytolaccaceae). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of analysis of spectroscopic data and physicochemical properties as 3-O-β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)]-11β-methoxy-jaligonic acid 30-methyl ester 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), 3-O-β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)]-jaligonic acid 30-methyl ester 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2, esculentoside G), 3-O-β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)]-jaligonic acid 30-methyl ester (3, phytolaccoside E), 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-jaligonic acid 30-methyl ester (4, phytolaccoside B), hypaphorine (5), palmitic acid monoglyceride (6), β-sitosterol (7), and daucosterol (8). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying its development remain unclear. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of RNA modifications in HCC progression, which indicates their potential as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for managing HCC. In this review, we discuss the functional role and molecular mechanisms of RNA modifications in HCC through a review and summary of relevant literature, to explore the potential therapeutic agents and biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic of HCC. This review indicates that specific RNA modification pathways, such as N6-methyladenosine, 5-methylcytosine, N7-methylguanosine, and N1-methyladenosine, are erroneously regulated and are involved in the proliferation, autophagy, innate immunity, invasion, metastasis, immune cell infiltration, and drug resistance of HCC. These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the molecular mechanisms of HCC, as well as potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC by targeting specific RNA-modifying enzymes or recognition proteins. More than ten RNA-modifying regulators showed the potential for use for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment decision utility biomarkers of HCC. Their application value for HCC biomarkers necessitates extensive multi-center sample validation in the future. A growing number of RNA modifier inhibitors are being developed, but the lack of preclinical experiments and clinical studies targeting RNA modification in HCC poses a significant obstacle, and further research is needed to evaluate their application value in HCC treatment. In conclusion, this review provides an in-depth understanding of the complex interplay between RNA modifications and HCC while emphasizing the promising potential of RNA modifications as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for managing HCC., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Liu, Zhang, Xu and Hao.)

Through the labile coordination sites of a robust phosphonate-stabilized titanium-oxo cluster, 14 O-donor ligands have been successfully introduced without changing the cluster core. The increasing electron-withdrawing effect of the organic species allows the gradual reduction of the bandgaps of the {Ti6 } complexes. Transition-metal ions are then incorporated by the use of bifunctional O/N-donor ligands, organizing these {Ti6 } clusters into polymeric structures. The coordination environments of the applied metal ions show significant influence on their visible-light adsorption. Both the above structural functionalizations also tune the photocatalytic H2 production activities of these clusters. This work provides a systematic bandgap engineering study of titanium-oxo clusters, which is important not only for their future photocatalytic applications, also for the better understanding of the structure-property relationships., (© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

Transgenic plant as bioreactor has been used to produce recombinant proteins for medicinal purposes, including mammalian antibodies, blood substitutes and vaccines. As the demand for biopharmaceuticals is expected to increase, transgenic plants have the potential to provide virtually unlimited quantities of proteins for use as tools in both human health care and the bioscience. This paper reviews the recent developments in this field and the prospect of commercial applications.