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Background Insomnia disorder is a common mental health condition that significantly impacts patients' lives and well-being. Traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is an effective non-pharmacological treatment method, but its complexity, time-consuming nature, and low compliance limit its real-world application. Brief behavioral therapy for insomnia (BBT-I), based on CBT-I principles, offers comparable efficacy while being more suitable for real-world dissemination. However, the applicability of BBT-I to the Chinese population with insomnia disorder remains unclear, and research on BBT-I conducted online is lacking. Objective This study aims to investigate the efficacy of online e-aid brief behavioral therapy for insomnia (eBBT-I) delivered via WeChat Mini Program in improving insomnia symptoms among Chinese patients with insomnia disorder. Additionally, the study explores its impact on patients' sleep beliefs and attitudes. Methods This study employed a prospective non-randomized controlled design. Insomnia disorder patients from the Sleep Clinic at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University between February and November 2023 were assigned to the intervention group. Insomnia disorder volunteers recruited online and offline were assigned to the control group. The intervention group received a 2-week eBBT-I (e-aid brief behavioral therapy for insomnia) treatment, while the control group received a sham intervention of mental health education. The severity of insomnia was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep-16 (DBAS-16) questionnaire before and after the intervention to evaluate its effectiveness. Results The study ultimately included 35 patients in the intervention group and 30 patients in the control group. Key outcome measures: there was a significant interaction effect between group and time for ISI scores (P0.05). After 14 days of intervention, the intervention group had lower ISI scores than the control group (P0.05). Time had a significant main effect on DBAS-16 scores (P0.05). No statistically significant difference in DBAS-16 scores was found between the two groups at baseline or after 14 days (P>0.05). However, within the intervention group, DBAS-16 scores increased after 14 days compared to baseline (P

Introduction: Tobacco is a critical economic crop, yet its cultivation heavily relies on chemical pesticides, posing health risks to consumers, therefore, monitoring pesticide residues in tobacco is conducive to ensuring food safety. However, most current research on pesticide residue detection in tobacco relies on traditional chemical methods, which cannot meet the requirements for real-time and rapid detection. Methods: This study introduces an advanced method that combines hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology with machine learning algorithms. Firstly, a hyperspectral imager was used to obtain spectral data of tobacco samples, and a variety of spectral pre-processing technologies such as mean centralization (MC), trend correction (TC), and wavelet transform (WT), as well as feature extraction methods such as competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and least angle regression (LAR) were used to process the spectral data, and then, grid search algorithm (GSA) is used to optimize the support sector machine (SVM). Results: The optimized MC-LAR-SVM model achieved a pesticide classification accuracy of 84.1%, which was 9.5% higher than the original data model. The accuracy of the WT-TC-CARS-GSA-SVM model in the fenvalerate concentration classification experiment was as high as 91.8 %, and it also had excellent performance in other metrics. Compared with the model based on the original data, the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score are improved by 8.3 %, 8.2 %, 7.5 %, and 0.08, respectively. Discussion: The results show that combining spectral preprocessing and feature extraction algorithms with machine learning models can significantly enhance the performance of pesticide residue detection models and provide robust, efficient, and accurate solutions for food safety monitoring. This study provides a new technical means for the detection of pesticide residues in tobacco, which is of great significance for improving the efficiency and accuracy of food safety detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subgenome asymmetry (SA) has routinely been attributed to different responses between the subgenomes of a polyploid to various stimuli during evolution. Here, we compared subgenome differences in gene ratio and relative diversity between artificial and natural genotypes of several allopolyploid species. Surprisingly, consistent differences were not detected between these two types of polyploid genotypes, although they differ in times exposed to evolutionary selection. The estimated ratio of shared genes between a subgenome and its diploid donor was invariably higher for the artificial allopolyploid genotypes than those for the natural genotypes, which is expected as it is now well-known that many genes in a species are not shared among all individuals. As the exact diploid parent for a given subgenome is unknown, the estimated ratios of shared genes for the natural genotypes would also include difference among individual genotypes of the diploid donor species. Further, we detected the presence of SA in genotypes before the completion of the polyploidization events as well as in those which were not formed via polyploidization. These results indicate that SA may, to a large degree, reflect differences between its diploid donors or that changes occurred during polyploid evolution are defined by their donor genomes. Key words: asymmetric evolution, subgenome asymmetry, diploid donor, polyploids, progenitor. L'asymetrie des sous-genomes (AS) est generalement attribuee a l'acquisition, au cours de l ' evolution, de reponses differentes a divers stimuli entre les sous-genomes presents chez un polyploide. Dans ce travail, les auteurs ont compare les differences entre sous-genomes pour ce qui est du ratio de genes et de la diversite relative entre genotypes naturels et artificiels chez plusieurs especes allopolyploides. Etonnamment, des differences ont regulierement n'ont pas ete detectees entre ces deux types de genotypes polyploides bien qu'ils different dans la duree de leur exposition a la selection. Le ratio estime de genes partages entre un sous-genome et le genome de l'espece ancestrale etait invariablement plus eleve chez les allopolyploides artificiels que chez les genotypes naturels, un resultat attendu puisqu'il est bien connu que plusieurs genes ne sont pas presents chez tous les individus d'une espece. Comme le parent diploide exact n'est pas connu pour un sous-genome donne, les ratios estimes de genes partages avec les genotypes naturels pourraient egalement inclure des differences entre genotypes distincts de l'espece diploide ancestrale. De plus, les auteurs ont detecte la presence dAS chez des genotypes avant le terme de la polyploidisation de meme que chez ceux qui n' etaient pas issus de la polyploidisation. Ces resultats indiquent que l 'AS pourrait, en grande partie, refleter des differences entre les especes diploides ancestrales ou que les changements survenus au cours de l ' evolution des polyploides sont definis par les genomes ancestraux. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : evolution asymetrique, asymetrie des sous-genomes, diploide ancestral, polyploide, progeniteur., Introduction Polyploidy, forming new species by enveloping two or more genomes within a single nucleus, is a prominent speciation process. Previous studies show that polyploidization was likely involved in the [...]

The research analyzed the effect of weekly training plans, physical training frequency, AI-powered coaching systems, virtual reality (VR) training environments, wearable sensors on developing technical tennis skills, with and personalized learning as a mediator. It adopted a quantitative survey method, using primary data from 374 young tennis players. The model fitness was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while the hypotheses were evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM). The model fitness was confirmed through CFA, demonstrating high fit indices: CFI = 0.924, TLI = 0.913, IFI = 0.924, RMSEA = 0.057, and SRMR = 0.041, indicating a robust model fit. Hypotheses testing revealed that physical training frequency (β = 0.198, p = 0.000), AI-powered coaching systems (β = 0.349, p = 0.000), virtual reality training environments (β = 0.476, p = 0.000), and wearable sensors (β = 0.171, p = 0.000) significantly influenced technical skills acquisition. In contrast, the weekly training plan (β = 0.024, p = 0.834) and personalized learning (β = -0.045, p = 0.81) did not have a significant effect. Mediation analysis revealed that personalized learning was not a significant mediator between training methods/technologies and acquiring technical abilities. The results revealed that physical training frequency, AI-powered coaching systems, virtual reality training environments, and wearable sensors significantly influenced technical skills acquisition. However, personalized learning did not have a significant mediation effect. The study recommended that young tennis players' organizations and stakeholders consider investing in emerging technologies and training methods. Effective training should be given to coaches on effectively integrating emerging technologies into coaching regimens and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding individual's socioeconomic status (SES) can provide supporting information for designing political and economic policies. Acquiring large‐scale economic survey data is time‐consuming and laborious. The widespread mobile phone data, which can reflect human mobility and social network characteristics, has become a low‐cost data source for researchers to infer SES. However, previous studies often oversimplify human mobility features and social network features extracted from mobile phone data into general statistical features, resulting in discounting some important temporal and relational information. Therefore, we propose a comprehensive framework for individual SES prediction that effectively utilizes a combination of human mobility and social relationships. In this framework, Word2Vec module extracts human mobility features from mobile phone positioning data, and graph neural network (GNN) module GraphSAGE captures social network characteristics constructed from call detail records. We evaluated the effectiveness of our proposed approach by training the model with real‐world data in Beijing. According to the experimental results, our proposed hybrid approach outperformed the other methods evidently, demonstrating that human mobility and social links are complementary in the characterization of SES. Coupling human mobility and social links can further deepen our understanding of cities' economic geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autonomic nervous system disorders play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Regulating it is essential for preventing and treating acute ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Photothermal neuromodulation is a nonimplanted technique, but the response temperature ranges of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and TWIK-related K+ Channel 1 (TREK1) exhibit differences while being closely aligned, and the acute nature of VAs require that it must be rapid and precise. However, the low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) still poses limitations in achieving rapid and precise treatment. Here, we achieve a nearly perfect blackbody absorption and a high PCE in the second near infrared (NIR-II) window (73.7% at 1064 nm) via a Pt nanoparticle shell (PtNP-shell). By precisely manipulating the photothermal effect, we successfully achieve rapid and precise multimodal neuromodulation encompassing neural activation (41.0–42.9 °C) and inhibition (45.0–46.9 °C) in a male canine model. The NIR-II photothermal modulation additionally achieves multimodal reversible autonomic modulation and confers protection against acute VAs associated with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in interventional therapy.In the prevention and treatment of acute ventricular arrhythmia, rapid and accurate photothermal autonomic neuromodulation is crucial but challenging. Here, the authors report Pt nanoparticle shells with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 73.7% at 1064 nm that contributes to efficient and precise autonomic nerve modulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A completely developed and vigorous root system can provide a stable platform for aboveground plant organs. To identify loci controlling root traits that could be used in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding, 199 recombinant inbred lines were used to measure and analyze eight root traits. A total of 18 quantitative trait loci (QTL) located on chromosomes 1A, 2A, 2B, 2D, 4B, 4D, 6A, 7A, and 7B were identified. The phenotypic variation explained by these 18 QTL ranged from 3.27% to 11.75%, and the logarithm of odds scores ranged from 2.50 to 6.58. A comparison of physical intervals indicated several new QTL for root traits were identified. In addition, significant correlations between root and agronomic traits were detected and discussed. The results presented in this study, along with those of previous reports, suggest that chromosomes 2 and 7 likely play important roles in the growth and development of wheat roots. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., recombinant inbred lines, root traits, quantitative trait loci, correlation. Un systeme racinaire bien developpe et vigoureux peut servir d'assise stable aux organes aeriens de la plante. Afin d'identifier des locus contr[delta]lant des caracteres racinaires utiles en amelioration genetique chez le ble (Triticum aestivum L.), 199 lignees recombinantes fixees ont ete employees pour mesurer et analyser huit caracteres racinaires. Au total, 18 QTL, situes sur les chromosomes 1A, 2A, 2B, 2D, 4B, 4D, 6A, 7A et 7B, ont ete identifies. La variation phenotypique expliquee par ces QTL variait entre 3,27 et 11,75%, et les scores LOD variaient entre 2,50 et 6,58. Une comparaison des intervalles physiques a suggere que plusieurs QTL inedits pour des caracteres racinaires ont ete identifies. De plus, des correlations significatives entre des caracteres racinaires et agronomiques ont ete detectees et sont discutees. Les resultats presentes dans cette etude, avec ceux rapportes anterieurement, suggerent que les chromosomes 2 et 7 jouent des roles importants dans la croissance et le developpement des racines chez le ble. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: Triticum aestivum L., lignees recombinantes fixees, caracteres racinaires, locus de caracteres quantitatifs, correlation., Introduction Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important food crop planted worldwide (Ray et al. 2013). The development of high-yielding wheat varieties with good quality is essential in wheat [...]