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Coefficient of variation (CV value) and hairiness value are important parameters used to assess cotton yarn quality. In order to accurately monitor yarn quality during production, we use online yarn quality detection as the input data of artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple regression (MLR) model, based on data collected by the electronic yarn clearer in the winding process as a novel concept. A prediction model of offline CV value and hairiness value was established, and the prediction performance of the two models was compared. The results show that the correlation coefficients of the offline CV values predicted by the ANN model reached 0.9832 and 0.9658 (bobbin and cheese yarn), which were much higher than the MLR model’s correlation coefficients of 0.8352 and 0.7877. Furthermore, the importance of online detection data for the prediction of CV value was analyzed. For hairiness value prediction, the correlation coefficients for bobbin and cheese yarn were above 0.923. In fact, the prediction accuracy of the ANN model was substantially higher. Therefore, the ANN model more effectively predicts the quality of offline yarn and achieves real-time monitoring.

Fiber torsional control is critical for reducing the hairiness of high-quality yarns during the yarn formation process. However, the applied fiber torsion that facilitates fiber motion and transfer in conventional ring spinning is still under exploration. In this study, we designed a device with dynamic- and static-friction rollers for reducing harmful hairiness. The key mechanisms and mechanical model of the applied forces on fiber torsion and motion contacting dynamic- and static-friction rollers were theoretically analyzed. Exceptional fiber torsion was obtained by creating gradient friction resistance from the varied applied pressures while providing full internal and external transfer to forcibly capture and trap exposed fibers into the main yarn body. Compared to conventional ring-spun yarns, yarns spun by the dynamic-friction roller exhibited reduced harmful hairiness, improved tensile properties, a tighter yarn surface, and improved yarn irregularity. However, the excessive force applied by the static-friction roller deformed exposed fibers to cause fiber accumulation and fiber loss, resulting in reduced yarn performance. These results can be used to develop novel spinning methods for various fiber materials for high-quality yarn production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of Sestrin2 in hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of rat cardiomyocytes. Methods H9C2 cardiomyocytes were cultured in vitro and inflicted to establish hypoxia/reoxygenation injury (H/R) model. Thus, the cells were divided into control group, hypoxia 4-hour group (H4h group), and hypoxia 4-hour + reoxygenation 2- and 4-hour groups (H4hR2h and H4hR4h groups). Cell survival rate was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay; Annexin V/7AAD staining with flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. Micro-enzymatic method was used to detect the content of myocardial injury marker, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Then H9C2 cardiomyocytes were divided into normal control group, hypoxia 4-hour+si-NC group (negative control), hypoxia 4-hour+Sestrin2 siRNA group, hypoxia/reoxygenation 4 hour+si-NC group and hypoxia/reoxygenation 4 h+Sestrin2 siRNA group. Recombinant siRNA for Sestrin2 silencing and negative control (si-NC) were constructed and transfected into H9C2 cardiomyocytes with liposomes. The expression of Sestrin2, Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins was detected by Western blotting. Flow cytometry was used to measure the cell apoptosis. Results The cell viability of cardiomyocytes was significantly lower (P < 0.05), and the apoptosis (P < 0.05) as well as LDH level (P < 0.01) was obviously increased in the H4hR4h group than the control group. The expression of Sestrin2 protein was increased in both hypoxia and reoxygenation groups when compared with the control group (P < 0.01), with the level in the H/R groups higher than that in the H groups (P < 0.01). Transfected of Sestrin2 siRNA significantly knocked down the protein expression (P < 0.05), enhanced the cell apoptosis (P < 0.05), and decreased the expression levels of Nrf2 (P < 0.01) and HO-1 (P < 0.05). Conclusion Sestrin2 exerts protective effect on oxidative damage in H9C2 cardiomyocytes induced by H/R injury, which might be due to its activating Nrf2/HO-1 related signaling pathway.

The motion detection and thermotherapy provides a convenient strategy for the diagnosis and rehabilitation assessment of joint injuries. However, it is still challenging to simultaneously achieve accurate joint motion monitoring and on‐demand thermotherapy. Herein, core‐sheath sensing yarns (CSSYs) is proposed and fabricated for excellent electrical and photothermal heating, which consists of carbon black (CB)‐coated nylon (sheath layer), silver‐plated nylon and elastic spandex yarns (core layer). The CSSYs demonstrates great joule heating performance, which reaches 75 °C at 2 V applied voltage. The good thermal management performance can be well maintained when weaving these yarns into bifunctional smart textile. Further, the optimized double‐ply CSSYs (DPCSSYs) with helically twisted structure possess several appealing sensing performance, including preferable strain sensitivity (0.854), excellent linearity (0.962), and superior durability (over 5000 cycles). The as‐woven bifunctional smart textile can provide instant and convenient thermotherapy to the injured joints, and simultaneously monitor the injury and recovery conditions of the joint. Therefore, the designed bifunctional smart textile can provide a promising route for developing next‐generation healthcare smart textile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantifiable monitoring and management of sweat volume have attracted considerable attention because of their role in assessing physiological health and preventing dehydration. However, defective sweat monitoring and poor moisture management limit the performance of most smart textiles under moderate/profuse perspiration scenarios. In this study, a large‐scale fabrication technology is used, including braiding and weaving, to prepare a hydrophilic/hydrophobic Janus fabric (HHJF) with good directional water delivery and sweat‐volume monitoring capabilities. The HHJF consists of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) braided yarns (lower layer) and Tencel braided yarns (upper layer), which comprise a conductive yarn as the core and PTFE/Tencel yarns as the sheath with enhanced water absorption capacity. The unique functional structure design achieves the enhanced unidirectional water transport and high sweat‐sensing response for the HHJF under perspiration conditions. The optimized HHJF facilitates spontaneous droplet penetration from the hydrophobic layer to the hydrophilic layer, while enabling the real‐time detection of sweat volume of up to 2000 mL m−2 with excellent durability for over 1000 cycle tests. Thus, the exceptional perspiration management and monitoring capabilities of HHJF are expected to promote the development of practical smart textiles that enable real‐time monitoring of perspiration dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Control of tension distribution in the spinning triangle region that can facilitate fiber motion and transfer is highly desirable for high quality yarn production. Here, the key mechanisms and a mechanical model of gradient regulation of fiber tension and motion with rotary heterogeneous contact surfaces were theoretically analyzed. The linear velocity gradient, effected on a fiber strand using rotary heterogeneous contact surfaces, could balance and stabilize the structure and stress distribution of spinning triangle area, which could capture exposed fiber to reduce hairiness formation and enhance the internal and external fiber transfer to strengthen the fiber utilization rate. Then, varied yarns spun without and with the rotary grooved and rotary heterogeneous contact surfaces were tested to compare the property improvement for verifying above-mentioned theory. The hairiness, irregularity, and tensity of the yarns spun with rotary heterogeneous contact surfaces spun yarns were significantly improved compared to other spun yarns, which effectively corresponded well to the theoretical analysis. Based on this spinning method, this effective, low energy-consuming, easy spinning apparatus can be used with varied fiber materials for high-quality yarn production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]