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In order to study the unique dynamic behavior of the lithium-ion battery system in the periodic high-rate pulse discharge, a frequency-domain impedance model and a dynamic extraction method of impedance parameters are proposed. Moreover, a 24-kWh lithium battery system is built to carry out the pulse-discharged cycle experiment. The harmonic characteristics in high and low frequency pulse discharge are studied by harmonic analysis method. Besides, the impedance characteristics of the 24-kWh lithium battery system under different state-of-charge and different cycles are analyzed quantitatively. The results show some new characteristics and verify that the proposed frequency-domain impedance model and impedance extraction method are well qualified to analyze the frequency-domain characteristics and dynamic behavior of the periodic pulse-discharged lithium battery system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

EphrinB2, a member of the Ephrin family, has been linked to several orthopaedic conditions. Nevertheless, the correlation between ephrinB2 and post-traumatic arthritis (PTOA) remains unclear. Human PTOA cartilage from human and mouse knee joints was systematically analysed to investigate the relationship between EphrinB2 and PTOA using SO-FG and toluidine blue staining, micro-CT, histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, lentiviral articular injection and in situ end labeling (TUNEL) assays. EphrinB2 expression was significantly downregulated in PTOA chondrocytes. Blocking EphrinB2 increased the breakdown of cartilage matrix in mice with PTOA via reducing the process of chondrocyte autophagy. The presence of severe cartilage damage was evident, as indicated by a considerable decrease in both cartilage thickness and area, accompanied by an increase in chondrocyte death. Altogether, EphrinB2 is required for the maintenance of cartilage homeostasis in post-traumatic arthritis, and EphrinB2 ablation is associated with accelerated chondrocyte matrix degeneration, finally causing damage to the articular cartilage., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)