Search

Electrochemical hydrogenation of acetonitrile based on well-developed proton exchange membrane electrolyzers holds great promise for practical production of ethylamine. However, the local acidic condition of proton exchange membrane results in severe competitive proton reduction reaction and poor selection toward acetonitrile hydrogenation. Herein, we conduct a systematic study to screen various metallic catalysts and discover Pd/C exhibits a 43.8% ethylamine Faradaic efficiency at the current density of 200 mA cm-2 with a specific production rate of 2912.5 mmol g-1 h-1, which is about an order of magnitude higher than the other screened metal catalysts. Operando characterizations indicate the in-situ formed PdHx is the active centers for catalytic reaction and the adsorption strength of the *MeCH2NH2 intermediate dictates the catalytic selectivity. More importantly, the theoretical analysis reveals a classic d-band mediated volcano curve to describe the relation between the electronic structures of catalysts and activity, which could provide valuable insights for designing more effective catalysts for electrochemical hydrogenation reactions and beyond.

With the rise of digital media, the visual design of public art has gradually added multimodal interactive experience from purely conforming to information communication. Starting from the multimodal integration of public art visual communication design, this study takes several groups of public art landscape projects in a certain region as research objects to explore the relationship between the multimodal visual design of public art landscape and its public satisfaction. Firstly, the evaluation standard for public art visual communication design is constructed. The sample visual communication design is analyzed using the semantic difference method and then combined with the factor analysis method to provide a comprehensive evaluation. Based on determining the satisfaction effect indexes, the AHP method is used to assign weights to each index. Finally, the satisfaction effect results of the sample visual communication designs are obtained. After utilizing the result equation, the relationship between public art visual communication design and landscape satisfaction effect is explored. The overall appearance of public art visual communication design is presented better, and the impact of multimodal fusion visual communication design is especially prominent in samples 3, 2, and 10. The satisfaction effect of the sample visual communication design is also more satisfactory, with 70% of the sample landscapes scoring above 1.5. Meanwhile, the study verified the positive and significant influence of public art visual communication design on the satisfaction effect of landscapes. The theoretical basis and methodological exploration for the multimodal integration research of public art can be provided by this study.

To ensure national food and ecological security in China, it is essential to develop various reserve resources for cultivated land based on existing farmland advantages. Owing to abundant saline-alkali land reserves, the Yellow River Delta has enormous potentials for agriculture development. However, water scarcity and imbalance between water and land resources allocation have significantly limited the efficient utilization of saline-alkali land in this region. According to the development status regarding salinealkali soil amelioration and crop production, this study analyzes water and land resource conditions, clarifies major challenges for the sustainable development of local agriculture from the perspectives of water resource supply, groundwater table regulation, management and utilization system of saline-alkali land, technological innovation, and follow-up engineering maintenance, and proposes strategies for efficient use and coordinated allocation of water and land resources in the region. The strategies include: (1) increasing water supply from the Yellow River and connecting the coastal hydrographic net to make optimal allocation of regional water resources; (2) improving irrigation and drainage systems and auxiliary projects to enhance the quality of arable lands; and (3) accelerating demonstration and promotion of key technologies for saline-alkali soil amelioration to fully leverage the supporting function of sciences and technologies. The research results can provide a reference for comprehensive governance and utilization of saline-alkali land and agricultural sustainable development.