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We report nanoporous Cu–Sn catalysts fabricated by chemically dealloying rapid solidified Al–Cu–Sn alloys for the CO2RR. The np-Cu11Sn1 catalyst exhibits a three-dimensional interconnected ligament-channel network structure, which can efficiently convert CO2 to formate with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 72.1% at −1.0 V (vs. RHE). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report nanoporous Cu-Sn catalysts fabricated by chemically dealloying rapid solidified Al-Cu-Sn alloys for the CO 2 RR. The np-Cu 11 Sn 1 catalyst exhibits a three-dimensional interconnected ligament-channel network structure, which can efficiently convert CO 2 to formate with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 72.1% at -1.0 V ( vs . RHE).

Introduction: Environmental pollutants, such as rare earth elements, affect human health and particularly induce reproductive system injury. Yttrium (Y), one of the most widely used heavy rare earth elements, has been reported the cytotoxicity. However, the biological effects of Y 3+ in the human body are largely unknown., Methods: To further investigate the effects of Y on the reproductive system, in vivo (rat models) and in vitro studies were performed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination were conducted, and western blotting assays were performed to detect the protein expression. TUNEL/DAPI staining were used to detect cell apoptosis, and the intracellular calcium concentrations were also determined., Results: Long-term exposure to YCl 3 in rats produced significant pathological changes. YCl 3 treatment could induce cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro . In addition, YCl 3 enhanced the concentration of cytosolic Ca 2+ and up regulated the expression of IP3R1/CaMKII axis in Leydig cells. However, inhibition of IP3R1 and CaMKII with 2-APB and KN93, respectively, could reverse these effects., Conclusion: Long-term exposure to yttrium could induce testicular injury by stimulating cell apoptosis, which might be associated with activation of Ca 2+ /IP3R1/CaMKII axis in Leydig cells., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Liu, Ding, Xie, Hu, Xiao, Liu and Fan.)

In order to establish a bone scaffold with good biological properties, two kinds of new gradient triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) scaffolds, i.e., two-way linear gradient G scaffolds (L-G) and D, G fusion scaffold (N-G) were designed based on the gyroid (G) and diamond (D)-type TPMS in this study. The structural mechanical parameters of the two kinds of scaffolds were obtained through the compressive simulation. The flow property parameters were also obtained through the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation in this study, and the permeability of the two kinds of scaffolds were calculated by Darcy's law. The tissue differentiation areas of the two kinds of scaffolds were calculated based on the tissue differentiation theory. The results show that L-G scaffold has a better mechanical property than the N-G scaffold. However, N-G scaffold is better than the L-G scaffold in biological properties such as permeability and cartilage differentiation areas. The modeling processes of L-G and N-G scaffolds provide a new insight for the design of bone scaffold. The simulation in this study can also give reference for the prediction of osseointegration after the implantation of scaffold in the human body.

Objective: To observe the herbal effects on hyperthyroidism patients with syndrome of hyperactivity of liver-Yang by method for calming the liver and suppressing Yang and investigate its effects on the lymphocyte protein expression. This approach may lay a foundation for the further investigation of the curative mechanisms of calming the liver and suppressing Yang treatment., Method: A total of 48 hyperthyroidism patients with syndrome of hyperactivity of liver-Yang were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was treated by method for calming the liver and suppressing Yang in accordance with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the control group with thiamazole tablets for three periods of treatment The therapeutic effects, the score of TCM symptom, electrocardiogram (P wave), thyroid hormones and ultrasound were observed in both groups before and after the treatment. The side effects in the treatment course were observed in both groups. The level of differential protein expression was analyzed by two-dimensional electrphoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionizaton time-of-flight mass spectrometry., Result: The treatment group has the effect on stepping down the heart rate, cutting down the P wave amplitude changes, regulating the level of thyroid hormones and decreasing the volume of thyromegaly. There are not statistically significant between the treatment group and control group. However, the treatment group has obviously better effect on regulating TCM symptom and decreasing the side reaction than the control group (P<0.05). There are not statistically significant on the total effective between the treatment group and control group. The average spots in lymphocyte for normal people, before and after treating hyperthyroidism patients with syndrome of hyperactivity of liver-Yang were (429 +/- 31), (452 +/- 28) and (437 +/- 36) spots respectively. Eight down-regulated protein expressions and 11 up-regulated protein expressions were obtained in the hyperthyroidism patients with syndrome of hyperactivity of liver-Yang and normal people. Five strengthened expressions of protein were also obtained in 8 down-regulated expressions of protein and 8 lower expressions of protein in 11 up-regulated expressions of protein before and after treating the migraine patients with syndrome of hyperactivity of liver-Yang. Ten of the total 8 differential protein spots were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. The functions of these proteins were involved in metabolism associated, transportation, antioxidation, sigal transduction and immume associated protein, etc. according to information provided by NCBI and MSDB database., Conclusion: In this study, the TCM complex prescription with herbs for calming the liver and suppressing Yang can regulate the thyroid hormones, improves TCM symptoms, and decrease the adverse reaction. It can possibly regulate lymphocyte protein expression.