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The weevils Eucryptorrhynchus chinensis and Eucryptorrhynchus brandti (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), are two of the most important pests of the tree-of-heaven, Ailanthus altissima, which is found throughout China. In this study, the complete mitogenomes of the two weevils have been sequenced using Illumina HiSeqTM 2000. The mitogenomes of E. chinensis and E. brandti are 15,628bp and 15,597bp long with A+T contents of 77.7% and 76.6%, respectively. Both species have typical circular mitochondrial genomes that encode 36 genes. Except the deficiency of tRNA-Ile, the gene composition and order of E. chinensis and E. brandti are identical to the inferred ancestral gene arrangement of insects. In both mitochondrial genomes, the start codons for COI and ND1 are AAT and TTG, respectively. A5bp motif (TACTA) is detected in intergenic region between the tRNA-Ser (UCN) and ND1 genes. The ATP8/ATP6 and ND4L/ND4 gene pairs appear to overlap four or seven nucleotides (ATAA/ATGATAA) in different reading frames. The complete sequences of AT-rich region have two regions including tandem repeats. The study identifies useful genetic markers for studying the population genetics, molecular identification and phylogeographics of Eucryptorrhynchus weevils. The features of the mitochondrial genomes are expected to be valuable in

ABSTRACT Eucryptorrhynchus chinensis (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and E. brandti (Harold) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are the two most important pests of tree-of-heaven, Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle and its variety Ailanthus altissima var. Qiantouchun in China. They are also considered potential biological control agents for tree-of-heaven in North America. In this study, the external morphologies and antennal sensilla of both species were examined using scanning electron microscopy to better understand their host-finding mechanisms. Eleven morphological sensilla types were recorded, that is, Böhm bristles, six types of sensilla chaetica (Sch. 1-6), two types of sensilla basiconica (Sb. 1-2), and two types of sensilla trichodea (St. 1-2). Sch. 5 were absent from the antennae of E. chinensis, while Sch. 2 were absent from the antennae of E. brandti. Abundant cuticular pores were present on the antennae of both species. Three types of sensilla on the antennae of E. chinensis that were not found in a previous study, and ten different types of sensilla on the antennae of E. brandti were identified for the first time. The possible functions of the sensilla types are discussed based on a comparison with previous studies. Four types of sensilla (Sb. 1, Sb. 2, St. 2, and Sch. 6) on the antennae of both species indicate chemoreception may play a significant role in host location. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:968-978, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To report the clinical profile, endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) management, and acute dacryocystitis (AD) outcomes in China., Methods: Clinical data of 554 adult AD patients (554 eyes) who presented in 7 tertiary eye care centers for 10y from Jan 2010 to Mar 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical profile, En-DCR management, and outcomes of all cases were recorded. The anatomical and functional success were evaluated for 12mo post-operation., Results: The analysis included 149 males and 368 females with a median age of 55.2y (range: 18-84y). There were 459 eyes with a history of epiphora or purulent secretion. The time between a symptom of lacrimal duct obstruction and acute onset was 1 to 540 (66.1±58.2)mo. Fifty-nine eyes had a history of the previous acute attack. Seventy-four eyes developed a cutaneous fistula, while 11 eyes had post septal cellulitis pre-operation. En-DCR with an anatomical success of 91.7% and functional success of 90.1%. The success rate of the patients with a history of acute episodes and the preoperative fistula was lower than the overall success rates., Conclusion: En-DCR can be performed during an acute episode in AD with a success rate of over 90%., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: Mao BX, None; Wang YH, None; Liu ZK, None; An NY, None; Jin HL, None; Wang ML, None; Wu WC, None; Yu B, None., (International Journal of Ophthalmology Press.)

Aim: To investigate the feasibility of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) with bicanalicular silicone tube intubation for treating chronic dacryocystitis secondary to nasolacrimal duct stent (NDS) incarceration., Methods: En-DCRs were performed on 44 chronic dacryocystitis patients (46 eyes) secondary to NDS incarceration from April 2016 to October 2022. The granuloma and scar tissues were separated, and the removal of NDS incarceration was achieved during the surgery; the flap of the lacrimal sac was trimmed and anastomosed with nasal mucosal, a bicanalicular silicone tube was implanted, and lacrimal size and condition were assessed. The tube was removed 3mo after surgery. During the final follow-up of 12mo when the surgery was completed, the complications and the rates of surgical success were assessed., Results: This study covered 40 patients (42 eyes). Intraoperatively, it was found that the lacrimal sac became small, and the sac wall had granulation and scar tissue attached to the incarcerated NDS in all eyes. At 12mo after surgery completed, the rates of the functional and anatomical success reached 80.95% (34/42) and 83.33% (35/42), respectively. Under the effect of intranasal ostial closure, seven eyes failed to achieve anatomical success. No serious complications ( e.g. , visual impairment, sinusitis, and orbital fat prolapse) was observed., Conclusion: With the success rate over 80% and no serious complications, En-DCR with bicanalicular silicone tube implantation is effective in treating chronic dacryocystitis secondary to NDS incarceration., (International Journal of Ophthalmology Press.)

Eucryptorrhynchus chinensis Olivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is one of the most important pests of Ailanthus altissima; however, so far, no studies on the genome or transcriptome of E. chinensis have been reported. Using the Roche 454 FLX Titanium platform, an RNA pool obtained from E. chinensis eggs, larva, pupae, and adults was sequenced and assembled de novo to achieve maximum diversity of sampled transcripts. We obtained 1,441,137 (∼518 Mb) raw reads with an average length of 360 bp. After trimming, 89% qualified reads were produced and assembled into 35,509 isotigs with an average length of 440 bp, N50 of 1,048 bp, and 111,643 singletons. We generated 87,894 unigenes following a cluster analysis of the isotigs and singletons, and then functionally annotated the unigenes with gene descriptions. We obtained 23,363 GO assignments, and 12,724 unigenes were assigned to KOG. Based on these annotations, 294 biochemical pathways involved in growth, reproduction, and stress or immune responses were predicted. A total of 659,026 single nucleotide variants and 6,112 simple sequence repeats were detected. Our data provide comprehensive information on the sequence and possible functions of E. chinensis transcripts., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America.)

Three highly oxygenated new diterpenes, trigochinins A-C (1-3) were isolated from Trigonostemon chinensis. Their structures with the absolute configuration were determined by a spectroscopic method, X-ray crystallography, and CD analysis. This study suggested the revision of the C-6 stereochemistry of trigonothyrins A-C reported quite recently. Compound 3 showed significant inhibition against MET tyrosine kinase activity with a IC(50) value of 1.95 microM.