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Objective To investigate the performance of a common echocardiographic (ECG) indicator, aortic annulus diameter, in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients undergoing coronary angiography in Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from October 1, 2022 to October 31, 2023. A total of 440 patients were included into a training set, including 217 with confirmed T2DM combined with CHD (T2DM-CHD group) and 223 patients with simple T2DM (control group). In a ratio of 7∶3, another 187 patients were selected and assigned into a validation group, including 91 T2DM-CHD patients and 96 T2DM patients. Their general clinical data and ECG indicators were collected, and the relationships of ECG indicators and coexistence of T2DM-CHD were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to identify the best predictor for the coexistence with area under the curve (AUC), and the cutoff values and their accuracies in diagnosis were further determined and verified. Results Among all ECG indicators, only aortic sinus and aortic annulus diameter showed statistical differences between the T2DM-CHD group and the control group (P < 0.05). Significant correlations were observed between the above 2 indicators and the diagnostic types of the 2 groups (P < 0.05). The AUC value of aortic annulus diameter in predicting diagnostic types was 0.920 (P < 0.01), with a sensitivity of 0.819 and a specificity of 0.843, and the cutoff value was 23.00 mm, which had an accuracy of 90.37%. Conclusion Aortic annulus diameter is a pivotal predictor for identifying T2DM-CHD patients. The T2DM patients with aortic ring diameter < 23.00 mm are more common with concomitant CHD.

Highland barley is a unique cereal in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China, and has good effects on improving blood glucose metabolism. However, its specific hypoglycemic ingredients and compatibility are not yet clear. In this manuscript, the polyphenols, polysaccharides, and peptides in whole grain highland barley (WHB) were extracted. And the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 3 key active ingredients components and their interaction were investigated. The optimal reaction system for measuring α-glucosidase inhibitory activity using the microplate method was first determined through single factor experiments and Box-Benhnken response surface optimization experiments, i.e., 0.5 U/mL of enzyme concentration, 80 mmol/L of buffer concentration, and 5 mmol/L of substrate concentration. The results showed that all 3 WHB extracts exhibited good α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with WHB polyphenols having the strongest inhibitory activity. Its inhibition rate reached 83.63% ± 2.92%, corresponding to an IC50 of 0.18 mg/mL. In addition, any 2 hypoglycemic ingredients combinations of the 3 WHB extracts had a certain synergistic effect. Our results will provide guidance for dietary choices in blood glucose control populations and new evidence for the development of functional foods.

To investigate the characteristics of quality formation of Simian tea, the non-volatile components, mineral elements and filamentary structure of fresh leaves from different positions of ‘Simian Tucha’ tea plants, endemic to Zigui, were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the non-volatile components were more abundant in the leaves with higher tenderness, with amino acids, alkaloids, catechins, and aroma glycosides being mainly concentrated in the first (L1) and second leaves (L2). Theanine, organic acids, and flavonoids were mainly concentrated in the third leaf (L3), while the content of non-volatile components in the older leaves was relatively lower. The accumulation of mineral elements greatly varied among tea leaves with different tenderness. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and copper in L1 (32.41 mg/g, 4.53 mg/g, 15.65 mg/g, 45.45 μg/g, and 10.75 μg/g, respectively) and L2 (30.60 mg/g, 3.70 mg/g, 14.12 mg/g, 35.82 μg/g, 9.02 μg/g, respectively) were higher than those in older leaves. The contents of iron, manganese, and calcium were higher in mature leaves. Through SEM observation, it was found that the filamentary structure of Simian tea leaves consisted of two forms, triple-stranded coil and single-stranded coil, and was distributed in the internal thread or ringed vessels of the xylem in the vascular bundles in the midvein and lateral veins, and the number of filamentary structures was higher in the second, third and fourth leaves than that in buds and L1.

In contrast to few-layer black phosphorus (BP) with a relatively larger area, BP quantum dots (BP-QDs) are expected to have distinctive electromagnetic response and carrier behaviors, especially in low-frequency range such as in the THz regime. Herein, we experimentally investigate the THz properties of BP-QDs as well as the optical control of these properties. It is demonstrated that the effects of weak carrier confinement, which is associated with diffusive restoring current in each BP-QD, contribute significantly to the effective THz conductivity of BP-QDs. Instead, spectral features of discretely spaced energy levels as shown for many kinds of semiconductor QDs in UV-visible range are not observed in the THz regime. This indicates an insignificant contribution of strong quantum confinement here. Based on the modified Drude–Smith formula, we show that the optical excitation/pump of a CW laser can induce photogenerated carriers and enhance the effects of weak carrier confinement in BP-QDs. Thus, a nonlinear enhancement of THz absorption can be observed by increasing the power of the excitation laser. These results not only deepen our understanding of the fundamental physics of BP nanomaterials but also provide an alternative approach to realize active control of BP-based THz devices.

Electrochromic (EC) windows based on reversible metal electro-deposition/dissolution (RME) are exciting alternatives to static lighting control using blinds and shades. However, the difficulty of reversibly and uniformly electrodepositing large-area metal layers seriously hinders the development of RME-type EC windows. In this paper, we develop a novel EC system based on reversible oxide electro-deposition/dissolution (ROE) of MnO2, achieving a profound and bistable color change between rust brown and completely transparent. This ROE-MnO2 system exhibits a significantly high optical modulation amplitude (ΔT) without any deterioration within 1000 switching cycles (ΔT 550nm actually increases from 44.8 % up to 46.9 % after the cycling test), which is almost double compared to the traditional cation-insertion/extraction triggered MnO2 (RCI-MnO2) EC system. This work may inspire the exploration of novel ROE-type EC systems.

In recent years, with the rapid development of the coastal economy and the large-scale development of marine resources, power demand has risen sharply. So it is urgent to promote the construction of UHVDC projects. Coastal saline areas often contain more chloride and other salts than other inland areas due to the high humidity, salinity and light intensity of the marine climatic and environmental conditions, which lead to the different electrical performance of grounding electrodes under different layouts. Therefore, one of the key issues to realizing the rapid development of UHVDC in coastal countries is how to choose the best layout of the coastal DC grounding electrode. It is intended to simulate the coastal environment and establish a mixed stratified soil model using CDEGS to verify the validity of the model through experiments in this paper. Based on the mixed soil model, the changes in grounding resistance, surface potentials and step voltage of grounding electrode sites under zigzag shape, two-row and circular shapes layouts are studied. The results show that when the zigzag shape layout is selected, the ground potential amplitude of the grounding electrode is reduced by 45.77% and 42.7%, the step voltage amplitude is decreased by 39.85% and 32.22%, and the grounding resistance is decreased by 28.45% and 27.68%, compared with the two-row and circular layout. In addition, its utilization rate of electrodes is better than the other two layout shapes.

The high-precision time synchronization of each node in the power distribution field network is an important technical support for realizing real-time and refined business. For the power distribution field network based on high-speed power line broadband carrier communication, a step-by-step precision time synchronization strategy is designed. Firstly, the clock of the central node is calibrated in real-time by the communication master station through the long-distance communication network and used as the master clock of the field network. Secondly, relying on the low latency, the broadcast mechanism, and the network time base of the field network, the time and frequency of the clocks of each node in the network are accurately monitored and their deviations are obtained. Thirdly, the clock frequency is adjusted by re-calibrating the temperature compensation coefficient of the node clock, so that the node time is gradually synchronized within a timing cycle. Finally, the time synchronization performances of the field network are tested in the laboratory and job site. The test results show that the time synchronization accuracy of the field network is within ±0.23 s during a day, which is 28% higher than that of the power distribution field network based on narrowband power line carrier, and these phenomena of time gap or time repetition are avoided in the time synchronization process.

Internet is the main infrastructure of cyberspace, and the content-centric mainstream application paradigm of the cyberspace has deviated from Internet's original design intention of an address-centric data communication network. Hence the cyberspace has become an open-air dump of content big data. The emerging content big data characterized by chaos, disorder, and difficulty in governance brings severe challenges to the sustainable development of the Internet. Inspired by the idea of commensalism, a dualmeta network architecture driven by content and address is proposed in this paper which combines the primary structure of addressdriven Internet with a secondary structure of content-driven broadcast-storage network. Specifically, the address-driven features and challenges of Internet architecture are analyzed, and some representative content-centric networking schemes and their limitations are discussed. Then, the design principles for dual-meta network architecture and the content-driven metadata of uniform content label are introduced. Eventually, a reference model of the dual-meta network architecture is given, and its differences compared with a single address-driven Internet architecture are analyzed. As an innovative network architecture characterized by security, trustworthiness, pervasiveness, guarantee of sovereignty, and easy governance, the dual-meta network architecture driven by content and address provides a feasible new way to solve the development dilemma faced by the single address-driven Internet architecture.

Objective To explore the application effect of acupuncture combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing for patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods A total of 124 PHN patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 62 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given conventional treatment, acupuncture treatment and conventional nursing mode, and the patients in the observation group were given acupuncture treatment combined with traditional Chinese medicine nursing mode on the basis of conventional treatment. The pain visual analog scale (VAS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were compared between the two groups after 1 week and 2 weeks of intervention. Results The VAS score decreased in both groups after intervention, and the VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, with a significant difference(P

In this article, a hybrid Haar wavelet collocation method (HWCM) is proposed for the ill-posed inverse problem with unknown source control parameters. Applying numerical techniques to such problems is a challenging task due to the presence of nonlinear terms, unknown control parameter sources along the solution inside the given region. To find the numerical solution, derivatives are discretized adopting implicit finite-difference scheme and Haar wavelets. The computational stability and theoretical rate of convergence of the proposed HWCM are discussed in detail. Two numerical experiments are incorporated to show the well-condition behavior of the matrix obtained from HWCM and hence not required to supplement some regularization procedures. Moreover, the numerical solutions of the considered experiments illustrate the reliability, suitability, and correctness of HWCM.

In linear optical processes, compact and effective wavefront shaping techniques have been developed with the artificially engineered materials and devices in the past decades. Recently, wavefront shaping of light at newly generated frequencies was also demonstrated using nonlinear photonic crystals and metasurfaces. However, the nonlinear wave-shaping devices with both high nonlinear optical efficiency and high wave shaping efficiency are difficult to realize. To circumvent this constraint, we propose the idea of metasurface decorated optical crystal to take the best aspects of both traditional nonlinear crystals and photonic metasurfaces. In the proof-of-concept experiment, we show that a silicon nitride metasurface decorated quartz crystal can be used for the wavefront shaping of the second harmonic waves generated in quartz. With this crystal-metasurface hybrid platform, the nonlinear vortex beam generation and nonlinear holography were successfully demonstrated. The proposed methodology may have important applications in nonlinear structured light generation, super-resolution imaging, and optical information processing, etc.

A roof?rib pillar support system is often formed in the metal mines that applied to the backfill mining method. In order to ensure the safe mining, it is of great significance to explore the failure mechanism of the roof?rib pillar support system under backfill mining. On the basis of considering the side pressure effect of the backfill on the rib pillar, a mechanical model of the roof?rib pillar support system under backfill mining was established. Furthermore, the catastrophe theory was used to explore the failure mechanism of the supporting system under the action of the filling body, and the influence of the structural parameters of the support system before and after filling on the stability of the stope was analyzed. The research results show that under the condition of certain mechanical properties of the rock mass, the stability of the roof?rib pillar support system under backfill mining is controlled by the stope structure parameters (roof thickness, stope span, rib pillar width, rib pillar height), the overburden load and the side pressure of the backfill. The addition of the filling body will reduce the stiffness ratio of the support system, thereby improving the stability of the stope. When the stope is at an unfilled state, the optimization sequence of the structural parameters of the support system should be roof thickness, stope span, rib pillar width and rib pillar height. When the stope is at the state of filling, the optimization sequence should be roof thickness, rib pillar width, stope span, and rib pillar height. The combination of theoretical derivation and numerical simulation is applied in the supporting project to verify the correctness of theoretical derivation.

The Cassegrain telescope, made of a concave primary mirror and a convex secondary mirror, is widely utilized for modern astronomical observation. However, the existence of curved mirrors inevitably results in bulky configurations. Here, we propose a new design of the miniaturized Cassegrain telescope by replacing the curved mirrors with planar reflective metasurfaces. The focusing and imaging properties of the Cassegrain metasurface telescopes are experimentally verified for circularly polarized incident light at near infrared wavelengths. The concept of the metasurface telescopes can be employed for applications in telescopes working at infrared, Terahertz, and microwave and even radio frequencies.

A parameters optimization of a hydraulic support column remanufacturing method was studied in this paper. The mathematical model of the radial shrinkage of the coating was established by using the constitutive equation,the geometric equation and the relation between the linear expansion coefficient and the temperature variation. The effect of material,coating thickness and assembly temperature on the radial shrinkage of the coated layer and the range of research parameters were analyzed by MATLAB software.The RAMP interpolation model was used to interpolate the material parameters. The optimization model was set up and the optimization solution process was designed. The post column was taken as an example.The thickness of the coating is reduced by 0. 5 mm.The assembly temperature is reduced by 80 degree Celsius and the radial shrinkage force is increased by 0. 0195 N/mm~2. The optimized remanufactured column can reduce the 0. 13 mm and 0. 11 mm,respectively,under the working condition of the conveyer and the moving frame.

“156 Projects”, a massive funded effort that harnesses the nation’s resources, is the foundation of the industrialization of the New China. Quantitative research on the longand short-term impacts on regional and national industrialization is required in order to appropriately analyze China’s early industrialization strategies and validate the theory of economic development with Chinese characteristics.

Al-Si alloys are widely used in modern industries, transportation, and other engineering applications. Processability and mechanical properties of Al-based alloys can be improved via the addition of scandium. Sc added to Al metal for fabricating Sc-containing Al alloys using molten salt electrolysis has been recently considered as promising technology. However, alloying elements, such as Sc and Si are often unevenly distributed in such Al-based alloys. In this study, Al-7Si-Sc ternary alloy was prepared via molten salt electrolysis aided with ultrasound to investigate the effects of ultrasound on the microstructure and distribution of the strengthening phase. Electrolysis was performed on molten salts of Na3AlF6-19%KF-29%AlF3-2%CaF2 at a temperature of 800℃ and current density of 1 A·cm2, in which Sc2O3 (99.99% purity) and Al-7Si alloy served as the raw material and cathodic metal, respectively. Ultrasound (20 kHz, 200 W) was introduced into the cathode metal from the cell bottom. Sc contents in the as-prepared alloy samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Microstructures of the alloy samples were characterized using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer. Results reveal that ultrasound can increase Sc content in the ternary alloy prepared via molten salt electrolysis and refine the eutectic silicon clusters and the ternary AlSi2Sc2 phase. Compared with the alloys made without ultrasound aid, the silicon cluster size decreases from approximately 500 to 200 μm (~60%) and the refined ternary phase of AlSi2Sc2 uniformly distributes in the metal matrix. Results also indicate that ultrasound can considerably optimize the microstructure of Al-7Si-Sc alloy prepared via molten salt electrolysis. This process can prevent problems such as the segregation of alloying elements and uneven microstructures observed when using the traditional alloy-making process.

Modern large-scale Hall-Héroult (H-H) aluminum electrolysis cells have super high amperage and a well-developed process technology; thus, they present great technical and economic advantages for the production of Al-based alloys. Compared with the traditional alloy production methods, H-H-based processes have a great potential in improving product quality, simplifying production process, and reducing energy consumption. In this review, the major achievements in the production of various common aluminum alloys, such as Al-RE (rare earth metals), Al-Mg, and Al-Si/Ti alloys using H-H-based processes, were summarized from the domestic and international literature. The main properties of cryolite-based electrolyte systems that determine whether the alloy production can proceed smoothly by H-H process were first discussed based on previous research results. Studies on the electrolyte structure, melting point, and conductivity of the cryolite-based electrolytes with varying compositions were described in details. For producing Al-based alloys, the conventional fluorides electrolytes can be modified by adding various oxides of alloying metals. The electrolysis mechanisms of cathode co-deposition and underpotential deposition are usually utilized with the addition of multiple metals oxides, and the electrolyte composition and processing parameters are appropriately adjusted in H-H-based processes. Moreover, the potential distribution in the interfacial reaction processes during electrolysis for the alloying process in electrolyte is proposed based on the existing electrochemical data. In addition, some industrial trials showed promising results for the future development. At present, these trials, especially for Al-Si and Al-Ti alloys, indicate that the contents of alloying elements can be stabilized within a certain range by adjusting electrolyte compositions, current density, feeding cycle, and other parameters. There are, however, problems associated with the accurate control of alloy compositions, the homogenous quality in bulk alloy products, and the electrolysis cell operation with high current efficiency. Further research is needed to address these problems.

Objective To investigate the necessity of low partial axillary lymph node dissection (LPALND) for breast cancer patients with negative result of sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB). Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 138 breast cancer patients with swelling axillary lymph node and negative result of SLNB ≤4 who received low partial axillary lymph node dissection. Results There was no significant difference in the probability of LPALN metastasis among three groups with two, three and four SLNs (P > 0.05); but there was significant difference between two groups with one and four SLNs (P < 0.05). Conclusion Breast cancer patients with swelling axillary lymph node and one negative SLN should be treated with LPALND; those with two-three negative SLNs are recommended to do LPALND; while those with four negative SLNs are recommended to be exempt from LPALND.

Alien species may adversely affect not only human health, agriculture, and fisheries but also the native ecosystem. Pomacea canaliculata is one of alien harmful species (IUCN). Forest residues are a kind of renewable, cheap and secure source of primary energy. Nandina domestica Thunb. is a commonly and widely cultivated plant for city landscape construction in China. After being pruned, a large of N. domestica leaves are usually abandoned. In this work, extracts of ethanol Soxhlet (SE), ethanol immerse (EE), and water immerse (WE) were obtained from leaves of N. domestica Thunb. cv. Firepower. The molluscicidal effects of the three extracts from the leaves were evaluated against black P. canaliculata. In sand pot culture condition and pot culture with paddy soil condition, SE at concentration of 4000 mg L-1 did not affect seedlings normal growth. Plant height, seedling fresh weight (SFW), seedling dry weight (SDW) and Chlorophyll content of SE (4000 mg L-1) were not significantly different from that in DS (distilled water + seedlings). Besides, in pot culture with paddy soil condition, the SE treatment at concentration of 4000 mg L-1 inhibited P. canaliculata chewing rice seedlings effectively, which was not statistically different from the positive control {NSP, niclosamide (according to field dosage, 0.086 g m-2 ) + seedlings + P. canaliculata)}. Results from this study indicated that SE has molluscicidal effect against P. canaliculata and SE did not affect the normal growth of rice seedlings. Thus, we suggest further chemical and toxicological studies of SE.