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4. Combined genome-wide association studies and expression quantitative trait locus analysis uncovers a genetic regulatory network of floral organ number in a tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews) breeding population

Author

Peng, Liping, primary, Li, Yang, additional, Tan, Wanqing, additional, Wu, Shangwei, additional, Hao, Qing, additional, Tong, Ningning, additional, Wang, Zhanying, additional, Liu, Zheng’an, additional, and Shu, Qingyan, additional

Published
2023
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8. α-Linolenic Acid Induces Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis by Down-Regulating Human Fatty Acid Synthase

Author

Xing Guo, Huijin Fan, Xiao-Feng Ma, Qingyan Shu, Liu Zheng'an, Wen-Yuan Huang, and Amantay Alzhan

Subjects
Fatty acid synthase, Biochemistry, biology, Apoptosis, Chemistry, biology.protein, Breast cancer cells, α-linolenic acid
Abstract

Background/Aims: Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a multi-enzyme complex that synthesizes endogenous fatty acids. The overexpression of FASN has been reported in variety of cancers, including breast, ovarian, prostrate, and colon cancers, which strongly indicates the involvement of FASN in cancer progression. α-Linolenic acid (ALA) has many biological activities, including anti-cancer effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of ALA on fatty acid synthesis pathway and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Methods: Cytotoxicity of ALA in human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells) was assessed by MTT assay. Changes in protein expression were detected by immunoblot analysis. Cell migration was detected by wound healing and cell transwell assay. Apoptotic effects, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell cycle analysis were detected by flow cytometry. Molecular docking was carried out with the AutoDockTools program suite to analyze the binding abilities of ALA on thioesterase (TE) domain of FASN. Results: We found that the expression levels of FASN decreased significantly in ALA treated breast cancer cells. Compared with palmitic acid (PA), ALA reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. ALA showed a higher affinity with the TE domain than PA. ALA induced breast cancer cells apoptosis, which effects were similar with the knockdown of FASN. In addition, ALA inhibited the invasion and metastasis, and arrested cell cycle in breast cancer cells. Conclusion: We propose a hypothesis that ALA could contribute to the treatment of human breast cancer by inhibiting FASN.

Published
2021

13. Combined genome-wide association studies and expression quantitative trait locus analysis uncovers a genetic regulatory network of floral organ number in a tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosaAndrews) breeding population

Author

Peng, Liping, Li, Yang, Tan, Wanqing, Wu, Shangwei, Hao, Qing, Tong, Ningning, Wang, Zhanying, Liu, Zheng’an, and Shu, Qingyan

Abstract

Great progress has been made in our understanding of floral organ identity determination and its regulatory network in many species; however, the quantitative genetic basis of floral organ number variation is far less well understood for species-specific traits from the perspective of population variation. Here, using a tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosaAndrews, Paeoniaceae) cultivar population as a model, the phenotypic polymorphism and genetic variation based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis were analyzed. Based on 24 phenotypic traits of 271 representative cultivars, the transcript profiles of 119 cultivars were obtained, which indicated abundant genetic variation in tree peony. In total, 86 GWAS-related cis-eQTLs and 3188 trans-eQTL gene pairs were found to be associated with the numbers of petals, stamens, and carpels. In addition, 19 floral organ number-related hub genes with 121 cis-eQTLs were obtained by weighted gene co-expression network analysis, among which five hub genes belonging to the ABCE genes of the MADS-box family and their spatial–temporal co-expression and regulatory network were constructed. These results not only help our understanding of the genetic basis of floral organ number variation during domestication, but also pave the way to studying the quantitative genetics and evolution of flower organ number and their regulatory network within populations.

Published
2023
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17. ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-ω3 FATTY ACID DESATURASE3 module regulates unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis in Paeonia ostii.

Author

Li, Yang, Wang, Xiruo, Zhang, Xiao, Liu, Zheng'an, Peng, Liping, Hao, Qing, Liu, Zenggen, Men, Siqi, Tong, Ningning, and Shu, Qingyan

Subjects
*FATTY acids, *BIOSYNTHESIS, *OMEGA-6 fatty acids, *LINOLENIC acids, *PROTEOMICS, *SEED development, *UNSATURATED fatty acids, *ABSCISIC acid
Abstract

• The change of ABA content is consisted with that of UFAs during P. ostii seed development. • PoABI5 promotes the transcription of PoFAD3 instead of PoFAD2. • Silencing of PoABI5 represses the transcription of PoFAD3. • Both PoABI5 and PoFAD3 are induced by ABA. • The expression of PoABI5 affected the response of PoFAD3 to ABA. Paeonia ostii is an authorized novel vegetable oil crop due to its seeds rich in unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) especially α-linolenic acid (ALA), which overweight the current available edible oil. However, little is known on the regulation mechanism of UFAs biosynthesis during its seed development. Here, we used transcriptome and proteome data combining phytochemistry means to uncover the relationship between abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and UFAs biosynthesis during P. ostii seed development. Based on transcriptome and proteome analysis, two desaturases of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acid, named as PoFAD2 and PoFAD3 responsible for ALA biosynthesis were identified. Then, an ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5) proteins was identified as an upstream transcriptional factor, which activated the expression of PoFAD3 instead of PoFAD2. Moreover, silencing of PoABI5 repressed the response of PoFAD 3 to ABA. This study provides the first view on the connection between the function of ABA signaling factors and ALA biosynthesis in the P. ostii seed, which lays the foundation for studies on the regulatory mechanism of ABA signaling involved in the UFAs synthesis during seeds development, meanwhile, it will shed light on manipulation of ALA content for satisfying human demands on high quality of edible oil or healthy supplement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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