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2. Dissociations of the Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial and Follow-up Study

Author

Holbrook, Janet T, Sugar, Elizabeth A, Burke, Alyce E, Vitale, Albert T, Thorne, Jennifer E, Davis, Janet L, Jabs, Douglas A, Jaffe, Glenn J, Branchaud, Brenda, Hahn, Paul, Koreen, Larry, Lad, Eleonora M, Lin, Phoebe, Martel, Joseph Nissim, Serrano, Neha, Skalak, Cindy, Vajzovic, Lejla, Baer, Claxton, Bryant, Joyce, Chavala, Sai, Cusick, Michael, Day, Shelley, Dayani, Pouya, Ehlers, Justis, Kesen, Muge, Lee, Annie, Melamud, Alex, Qureshi, Jawad A, Scott, Adrienne Williams, See, Robert F, Shuler, Robert K, Wood, Megan, Yeh, Steven, Fernandes, Alcides, Gibbs, Deborah, Leef, Donna, Martin, Daniel F, Srivastava, Sunil, Dunn, James P, Begum, Hosne, Boring, Jeff, Brotherson, Kristen L, Burkholder, Bryn, Butler, Nicholas J, Cain, Dennis, Cook, Mary A, Emmert, David, Graul, Janis R, Herring, Mark, Laing, Ashley, Leung, Theresa G, Mahon, Michael C, Moradi, Ahmafreza, Nwankwo, Antonia, Ostheimer, Trucian L, Reed, Terry, Arnold, Ellen, Barnabie, Patricia M, Belair, Marie-Lynn, Bolton, Stephen G, Brodine, Joseph B, Brown, Diane M, Brune, Lisa M, Galor, Anat, Gan, Theresa, Jacobowitz, Adam, Kapoor, Meera, Kedhar, Sanjay, Kim, Stephen, Leder, Henry A, Livingston, Alison G, Morton, Yavette, Nolan, Kisten, Peters, George B, Soto, Priscilla, Stevenson, Ricardo, Tarver-Carr, Michelle, Wang, Yue, Foster, C Stephen, Anesi, Stephen D, Bruner, Linda, Ceron, Olga, Hinkle, David M, Persons, Nancy, Wentworth, Bailey, Acevedo, Sarah, Anzaar, Fahd, Cesca, Tom, Contero, Angelica, Fitzpatrick, Kayleigh, Goronga, Faith, Johnson, Jyothir, Lebron, Karina Q, Marvell, Danielle, Morgan, Chandra, Patel, Nita, Pinto, Jennifer, Siddique, Sana S, Sprague, Janet, and Yilmaz, Taygan

Subjects
Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Brain Disorders, Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision, Bioengineering, Clinical Research, Prevention, Neurosciences, Eye, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Drug Implants, Equipment Failure, Female, Fluocinolone Acetonide, Follow-Up Studies, Foreign-Body Migration, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Intravitreal Injections, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications, Reoperation, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Uveitis, Visual Acuity, Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial Research Group, Clinical Sciences, Opthalmology and Optometry, Public Health and Health Services, Ophthalmology & Optometry
Abstract

PurposeTo describe fluocinolone acetonide implant dissociations in the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial.DesignRandomized clinical trial with extended follow-up.MethodsReview of data collected on the first implant in the eye(s) of participants. Dissociation was defined as the drug pellet no longer being affixed to the strut and categorized as spontaneous or surgically related.ResultsA total of 250 eyes (146 patients) had at least 1 implant placed. Median follow-up time after implant placement was 6 years (range 0.5-9.2 years). Thirty-four dissociations were reported in 30 participants. There were 22 spontaneous events in 22 participants; 6-year cumulative risk of a spontaneous dissociation was 4.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.4%-9.1%). The earliest event occurred 4.8 years after placement. Nine of 22 eyes with data had a decline in visual acuity ≥5 letters temporally related to the dissociation. Thirty-nine implant removal surgeries were performed, 33 with replacement. Twelve dissociations were noted during implant removal surgeries in 10 participants (26%, 95% CI 15%-48%); 5 of these eyes had a decline in visual acuity ≥5 letters after surgery. The time from implant placement to removal surgery was longer for the surgeries at which dissociated implants were identified than for those without one (5.7 vs 3.7 years, P < .001). Overall, visual acuity declined 15 or more letters from pre-implant values in 22% of affected eyes; declines were frequently associated with complications of uveitis or its treatment.ConclusionThere is an increasing risk of dissociation of Retisert implants during follow-up; the risk is greater with removal/exchange surgeries, but the risk of both spontaneous and surgically related events increases with longevity of the implants. In 22% of affected eyes visual acuity declined by 15 letters. In the context of eyes with moderate to severe uveitis for years, this rate is not unexpected.

Published
2016

4. Factors Predicting Visual Acuity Outcome in Intermediate, Posterior, and Panuveitis: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial

Author

Kempen, John H, Van Natta, Mark L, Altaweel, Michael M, Dunn, James P, Jabs, Douglas A, Lightman, Susan L, Thorne, Jennifer E, Holbrook, Janet T, Jaffe, Glenn J, Branchaud, Brenda, Hahn, Paul, Koreen, Larry, Lad, Eleonora M, Lin, Phoebe, Martel, Joseph Nissim, Serrano, Neha, Skalak, Cindy, Vajzovic, Lejla, Baer, Claxton, Bryant, Joyce, Chavala, Sai, Cusick, Michael, Day, Shelley, Dayani, Pouya, Ehlers, Justis, Kesen, Muge, Lee, Annie, Melamud, Alex, Qureshi, Jawad A, Scott, Adrienne Williams, See, Robert F, Shuler, Robert K, Wood, Megan, Yeh, Steven, Fernandes, Alcides, Gibbs, Deborah, Leef, Donna, Martin, Daniel F, Srivastava, Sunil, Begum, Hosne, Boring, Jeff, Brotherson, Kristen L, Burkholder, Bryn, Butler, Nicholas J, Cain, Dennis, Cook, Mary A, Emmert, David, Graul, Janis R, Herring, Mark, Laing, Ashley, Leung, Theresa G, Mahon, Michael C, Moradi, Ahmafreza, Nwankwo, Antonia, Ostheimer, Trucian L, Reed, Terry, Arnold, Ellen, Barnabie, Patricia M, Belair, Marie-Lynn, Bolton, Stephen G, Brodine, Joseph B, Brown, Diane M, Brune, Lisa M, Galor, Anat, Gan, Theresa, Jacobowitz, Adam, Kapoor, Meera, Kedhar, Sanjay, Kim, Stephen, Leder, Henry A, Livingston, Alison G, Morton, Yavette, Nolan, Kisten, Peters, George B, Soto, Priscilla, Stevenson, Ricardo, Tarver-Carr, Michelle, Wang, Yue, Foster, C Stephen, Anesi, Stephen D, Bruner, Linda, Ceron, Olga, Hinkle, David M, Persons, Nancy, Wentworth, Bailey, Acevedo, Sarah, Anzaar, Fahd, Cesca, Tom, Contero, Angelica, Fitzpatrick, Kayleigh, Goronga, Faith, Johnson, Jyothir, Lebron, Karina Q, Marvell, Danielle, Morgan, Chandra, Patel, Nita, Pinto, Jennifer, Siddique, Sana S, and Sprague, Janet

Subjects
Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Eye, Aged, Drug Implants, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Panuveitis, Time Factors, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Treatment Outcome, Visual Acuity, Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial Research Group, Clinical Sciences, Opthalmology and Optometry, Public Health and Health Services, Ophthalmology & Optometry
Abstract

PurposeTo identify factors associated with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) presentation and 2-year outcome in 479 intermediate, posterior, and panuveitic eyes.DesignCohort study using randomized controlled trial data.MethodsMulticenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial masked BCVA measurements at baseline and at 2 years follow-up used gold-standard methods. Twenty-three clinical centers documented characteristics per protocol, which were evaluated as potential predictive factors for baseline BCVA and 2-year change in BCVA.ResultsBaseline factors significantly associated with reduced BCVA included age ≥50 vs 10 vs grade 0; cataract; macular thickening; and exudative retinal detachment. Over 2 years, eyes better than 20/50 and 20/50 or worse at baseline improved, on average, by 1 letter (P = .52) and 10 letters (P < .001), respectively. Both treatment groups and all sites of uveitis improved similarly. Factors associated with improved BCVA included resolution of active AC cells, resolution of macular thickening, and cataract surgery in an initially cataractous eye. Factors associated with worsening BCVA included longer duration of uveitis (6-10 or >10 vs

Published
2015

6. Infant feeding for people living with HIV in high resource settings: a multi-disciplinary approach with best practices to maximise risk reduction

Author

Powell, Anna M., primary, Knott-Grasso, Mary Ann, additional, Anderson, Jean, additional, Livingston, Alison, additional, Rosenblum, Nadine, additional, Sturdivant, Heather, additional, Byrnes, Kristen C., additional, Martel, Krista, additional, Sheffield, Jeanne S., additional, Golden, W. Christopher, additional, and Agwu, Allison L., additional

Published
2023
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9. Factors Predicting Visual Acuity Outcome in Intermediate, Posterior, and Panuveitis: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial

Author

Jaffe, Glenn J., Branchaud, Brenda, Hahn, Paul, Koreen, Larry, Lad, Eleonora (Nora) M., Lin, Phoebe, Martel, Joseph Nissim, Serrano, Neha (Shah), Skalak, Cindy, Vajzovic, Lejla, Baer, Claxton, Bryant, Joyce, Chavala, Sai, Cusick, Michael, Day, Shelley, Dayani, Pouya, Ehlers, Justis, Kesen, Muge, Lee, Annie, Melamud, Alex, Qureshi, Jawad A., Scott, Adrienne Williams, See, Robert F., Shuler, Robert K., Wood, Megan, Yeh, Steven, Fernandes, Alcides, Gibbs, Deborah, Leef, Donna, Martin, Daniel F., Srivastava, Sunil, Dunn, James P., Begum, Hosne, Boring, Jeff, Brotherson, Kristen L., Burkholder, Bryn, Butler, Nicholas J., Cain, Dennis, Cook, Mary A., Emmert, David, Graul, Janis R., Herring, Mark, Laing, Ashley, Leung, Theresa G., Mahon, Michael C., Moradi, Ahmafreza, Nwankwo, Antonia, Ostheimer, Trucian L., Reed, Terry, Arnold, Ellen, Barnabie, Patricia M., Belair, Marie-Lynn, Bolton, Stephen G., Brodine, Joseph B., Brown, Diane M., Brune, Lisa M., Galor, Anat, Gan, Theresa, Jacobowitz, Adam, Kapoor, Meera, Kedhar, Sanjay, Kim, Stephen, Leder, Henry A., Livingston, Alison G., Morton, Yavette, Nolan, Kisten, Peters, George B., Soto, Priscilla, Stevenson, Ricardo, Tarver-Carr, Michelle, Wang, Yue, Foster, C. Stephen, Anesi, Stephen D., Bruner, Linda, Ceron, Olga, Hinkle, David M., Persons, Nancy, Wentworth, Bailey, Acevedo, Sarah, Anzaar, Fahd, Cesca, Tom, Contero, Angelica, Fitzpatrick, Kayleigh, Goronga, Faith, Johnson, Jyothir, Lebron, Karina Q., Marvell, Danielle, Morgan, Chandra, Patel, Nita, Pinto, Jennifer, Siddique, Sana S., Sprague, Janet, Yilmaz, Taygan, Sen, H. Nida, Bono, Michael, Cunningham, Denise, Hayes, Darryl, Koutsandreas, Dessie, Nussenblatt, Robert B., Sherry, Patti R., Short, Gregory L., Smith, Wendy, Temple, Alana, Bamji, Allison, Coleman, Hanna, Davuluri, Geetaniali, Faia, Lisa, Gottlieb, Chloe, Jirawuthiworavong, Guy V., Lew, Julie C., Mercer, Richard, Obiyor, Dominic, Perry, Cheryl H., Potapova, Natalia, Weichel, Eric, Wroblewski, Keith J., Latkany, Paul A., Coonan, Corinne, Honda, Andrea, Lorenzo-Latkany, Monica, Masini, Robert, Morell, Susan, Nguyen, Angela, Badamo, Jason, Boyd, Kenneth M., Enos, Matthew, Gallardo, Jenny, Jarczynski, Jacek, Lee, Ji Yun, McGrosky, Mirjana, Nour, Ann, Sanchez, Meredith, Steinberg, Kate, Stawell, Richard J., Breayley, Lisa, D'Sylva, Carly, Glatz, Elizabeth, Hodgson, Lauren, Lim, Lyndell, Ling, Cecilia, McIntosh, Rachel, Morrison (Ewing), Julie, Newton, Andrew, Sanmugasundram, Sutha, Smallwood, Richard, Zamir, Ehud, Hunt, Nicola, Jones, Lisa, Koukouras, Ignatios, Williams, Suzanne, Merrill, Pauline T., Carns, Danielle, Richine, Len, Voskuil-Marre, Denise L., Woo, Kisung, Gaynes, Bruce, Giannoulis, Christina, Hulvey, Pam, Kernbauer, Elaine, Khan, Heena S., Levine, Sarah J., Toennessen, Scott, Tonner, Eileen, Wang, Robert C., Aguado, Hank, Arceneaux, Sally, Duignan, Karen, Fish, Gary E., Hesse, Nick, Jaramillo, Diana, Mackens, Michael, Arnwine, Jean, Callanan, David, Cummings, Kimberly, Gray, Keith, Howden, Susie, Mutz, Karin, Sanchez, Brenda, Lightman, Susan, Ismetova, Filis, Prytherch, Ashley, Seguin-Greenstein, Sophie, Tomkins, Oren, Bar, Asat, Edwards, Kate, Joshi, Lavanish, Moraji, Jiten, Samy, Ahmed, Stubbs, Timothy, Taylor, Simon, Towler, Hamish, Tronnberg, Rebecca, Holland, Gary N., Almanzor, Robert D., Castellanos, Jose, Hubschman, Jean Pierre, Johiro, Ann K., Kukuyev, Alla, Levinson, Ralph D., McCannel, Colin A., Ransome, Susan S., Gonzales, Christine R., Gupta, Anurag, Kalyani, Partho S., Kapamajian, Michael A., Kappel, Peter J., Arcinue, Cheryl, Chuang, Janne, Barteselli, Giulio, Currie, Glenn, Mendoza, Veronica, Powell, Debbie, Clark, Tom, Cochran, Denine E., Freeman, William R., Hedaya, Joshua, Kemper, Tiara, Kozak, Igor, LeMoine, Jacqueline M., Loughran, Megan E., Magana, Luzandra, Mojana, Francesca, Morrison, Victoria, Nguyen, Vivian, Oster, Stephen F., Acharya, Nisha, Clay, David, Lee, Salena, Lew, Mary, Margolis, Todd P., Stewart, Jay, Wong, Ira G., Brown, Debra, Khouri, Claire M., Goldstein, Debra A., Birnbaum, Andrea, Degillio, Andrea, Rosa, Gemma De la, Ramirez, Carmen, Simjanowski, Evica, Skelly, Mariner, Castro-Malek, Anna L., Crooke, Catherine E., Huntley, Melody, Nash, Katrina, Niec, Marcia, Pyatetsky, Dimitry, Ramirez, Misel, Rozenbajgier, Zuzanna, Tessler, Howard H., Davis, Janet L., Albini, Thomas A., Chin, Marie, Castaño, Daniela, Elizondo, Ariana, Ho, Macy, Kovach, Jaclyn L., Lin, Richard C-S., Mandelcorn, Efrem, Nguyen, Jackie K-D., Pacini, Aura, Pineda, Susan, Pinto, David A., Rebimbas, Jose, Stepien, Kimberly E., Teran, Claudia, Elner, Susan G., Bernard, Hillary, Fournier, Linda, Godsey, Lindsay, Goings, Linda, Hackel, Richard, Hesselgrave, Moella, Jayasundera, K. Thiran, Prusak, Robert, Titus, Pamela, Bergeron, Melissa, Blosser, Reneé, Brown, Rebecca, Chrisman-McClure, Carrie, Gothrup, Julie R., Saxe, Stephen J., Sizemore, Deanna, Kempen, John H., Berger, James, Drossner, Sheri, DuPont, Joan C., Maguire, Albert M., Petner, Janice, Engelhard, Stephanie, Hopkins, Tim, Lo, Jonathan, McCall, Dawn, McRay, Monique, Salvo, Rebecca, Will, Daniel, Xu, Wei, Windsor, Elizabeth, Weeney, Laurel, Pavan, Peter R., Albritton, Ken, Leto, JoAnn, Madow, Brian, Mayor, Lori, Pautler, Scott E., Saxon, Wyatt, Soto, Judy, Goldstein, Burton, Klukoff, Amy, Lambright, Lucy, McDonald, Kim, Ortiz, Maria, Scymanky, Susan, Szalay, Dee Dee, Rao, Narsing, Davis, Tamara, Douglass, Jackie, Linton, Judith, Padilla, Margaret, Ramos, Sylvia, Rao, Narsing A., Aguirre, Alexia, Chong, Lawrence, Cisneros, Lupe, Corona, Elizabeth, Eliott, Dean, Fawzi, Amani, Garcia, Jesse, Khurana, Rahul, Lim, Jennifer, Mead, Rachel, Tsai, Julie H., Vitale, Albert, Bernstein, Paul S., Carlstrom, Bonnie, Gilman, James, Hanseen, Sandra, Morris, Paula, Ramirez, Diana, Wegner, Kimberley, Sheppard, John D., Anthony, Brianne, Casper, Amber, Felix-Kent, Lisa, Fernandez, Jeanette, Johnson, Tari, Scoper, Stephen V., Cole, R. Denise, Crawford, Nancy, Franklin, Lisa, Hamelin, Krista, Martin, Jen, Marx, Rebecca, Schultz, Gregory, Webb, Joseph, Yeager, Pamela, Kim, Rosa Y., Benz, Matthew S., Brown, David M., Chen, Eric, Fish, Richard H., Kegley, Eric, Shawver, Laura, Wong, Tien P., De La Garza, Rebecca, Friday (Hay), Shayla, Rao, P. Kumar, Adcock, Eve, Apte, Rajendra S., Baladenski, Amy, Curtis, Rhonda, Gould, Sarah, Hebden, Amanda, Kambarian, Jamie, Meyer, Charla, Pistorius, Sam, Quinn, Melanie, Rathert, Greg, Blinder, Kevin J., Hartz, Ashley, Light, Pam, Shah, Gaurav K., VanGelder, Russell, Jabs, Douglas A., Altaweel, Michael M., Holbrook, Janet T., Kurinij, Natalie, Brown, Diane, Prusakowski, Nancy, Thorne, Jennifer E., Hubbard, Larry, Wittes, Janet, Barlow, William E., Hochberg, Marc, Lyon, Alice T., Palestine, Alan G., Simon, Lee S., Rosenbaum, James T., Smith, Harmon, Davis, Janet, Thorne, Jennifer, Acharya, Nisha R., Vitale, Albert T., Boring, Jeffrey A., Alexander, Judith, Ng, Wai Ping, Friedman, David S., Adler, Anna, Burke, Alyce, Katz, Joanne, Reed, Susan, Ansari, Husam, Cohen, Nicholas, Modak, Sanjukta, Sugar, Elizabeth A., Burke, Alyce E., Drye, Lea T., Van Natta, Mark L., Frick, Kevin, Katz, JoAnn, Louis, Thomas A., Shade, David, Pascual, Karen, Slutsky-Sanon, Jill S., Allen, Amanda, Glomp, Colby, Hilal, Yasmin, Nieves, Melissa A., Stevens, Maria, Abreu, Francis, Casper, Anne Shanklin, Ewing, Cathleen, Hart, Adante, Lears, Andrea, Li, Shirley, Meinert, Jill, Morrison, Vinnette, Nowakowski, Deborah, Reyes, Girlie, Shade, Dave M., Smith, Jacqueline, Steuernagle, Karen, Van Natta, Mark, Venugopal, Vidya, Yu, Tsung, Chen, Paul, Collins, Karen, Dodge, John, Frick, Kevin D., Jackson, Rosetta, Jimenez, Christian, Landers, Ariel, Livingston, Hope, Meinert, Curtis L., Rayapudi, Sobharani, Shen, Weijiang, Shiflett, Charles, Smith, Rochelle, Tieman, Ada, Tonascia, James A., Zheng, Richard, Allan, James, Benz, Wendy K., Domalpally, Amitha, Johnson, Kristine A., Myers, Dawn J., Won Pak, Jeong, Reimers, James L., Chambers, Geoffrey, Christianson, Debra J., Fleischli, Margaret A., Freund, Jacquelyn, Gama, Vonnie, Gangaputra, Sapna, Glander, Kathleen E., Goulding, Anne, Hafford, Dennis, Harris, Susan E., Hubbard, Larry D., Joyce, Jeffrey M., Kruse, Christina N., Nagle, Lauren, Padden-Lechten, Gwyn E., Pohlman, Alyson, Remm, Amy, Shaw, Ruth A., Sivesind, Peggy, Thayer, Dennis, Treichel, Erika, Warren, Kelly J., Watson, Sheila M., Webster, Mary K., White, James K., Wilhelmson, Tara, Zhang, Grace, and Lightman, Susan L.

Published
2015
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12. Erratum to: Experience and Outcomes of Breastfed Infants of Women Living with HIV in the United States: Findings from a Single Center Breastfeeding Support Initiative

Author

Yusuf, Hasiya E, primary, Knott-Grasso, Mary Ann, additional, Anderson, Jean, additional, Livingston, Alison, additional, Rosenblum, Nadine, additional, Sturdivant, Heather, additional, Byrnes, Kristen C, additional, Powell, Anna, additional, Sheffield, Jeanne S, additional, Enns, Justine, additional, Persaud, Deborah, additional, Golden, W Christopher, additional, and Agwu, Allison L, additional

Published
2022
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13. Experience and Outcomes of Breastfed Infants of Women Living With HIV in the United States: Findings From a Single-Center Breastfeeding Support Initiative

Author

Yusuf, Hasiya E, primary, Knott-Grasso, Mary Ann, additional, Anderson, Jean, additional, Livingston, Alison, additional, Rosenblum, Nadine, additional, Sturdivant, Heather, additional, Byrnes, Kristen C, additional, Powell, Anna, additional, Sheffield, Jeanne S, additional, Enns, Justine, additional, Persaud, Deborah, additional, Golden, William Christopher, additional, and Agwu, Allison L, additional

Published
2021
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14. Insight into the roles of Tyrosine 82 and Glycine 253 in the Escherichia coli adenine glycosylase MutY

Author

Livingston, Alison L., Kundu, Sucharita, Pozzi, Michelle Henderson, Anderson, David W., and David, Sheila S.

Subjects
Escherichia coli -- Genetic aspects, Tyrosine -- Chemical properties, Tyrosine -- Structure, Glycine -- Chemical properties, Glycine -- Structure, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

Experiments are conducted to analyze the adenine glycosylase activity of the homologous variant Escherichia coli MutY enzymes, Tyrosine 82 and Glycine 253 and they are found to have reduced activity as compared to wild-type MutY. The results further indicate the intricate roles of Tyrosine 82 and Glycine 253 in the 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (OG) recognition and adenine excision functions of MutY.

Published
2005

16. Experience and Outcomes of Breastfed Infants of Women Living With HIV in the United States: Findings From a Single-Center Breastfeeding Support Initiative.

Author

Yusuf, Hasiya E, Knott-Grasso, Mary Ann, Anderson, Jean, Livingston, Alison, Rosenblum, Nadine, Sturdivant, Heather, Byrnes, Kristen C, Powell, Anna, Sheffield, Jeanne S, Enns, Justine, Persaud, Deborah, Golden, William Christopher, and Agwu, Allison L

Subjects
EVALUATION of medical care, HIV-positive persons, BREASTFEEDING, INFECTIOUS disease transmission
Abstract

We assessed breastfeeding outcomes for a cohort of infants born to women living with HIV (WLHIV) at an urban health care center in the United States. Ten infants were exclusively breastfed for a mean duration of 4.4 (1.0-8.6) months. All had negative HIV RNA PCRs at a median age of 16 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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17. You won't find bugs at this market of fleas!

Author

Livingston, Alison

Subjects
Paris, France -- History, Flea markets -- Forecasts and trends -- Analysis, Market trend/market analysis, Geography, Regional focus/area studies
Abstract

DO YOU KNOW HOW OLD the city you live in is? Chances are, it isn't as old as Paris. The city got its name about 2,000 years ago, but scientists [...]

Published
2014

18. Cross-reactive microbial peptides can modulate HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses

Author

Pohlmeyer, Christopher W., primary, Laskey, Sarah B., additional, Beck, Sarah E., additional, Xu, Daniel C., additional, Capoferri, Adam A., additional, Garliss, Caroline C., additional, May, Megan E., additional, Livingston, Alison, additional, Lichmira, Walt, additional, Moore, Richard D., additional, Leffell, M. Sue, additional, Butler, Nicholas J., additional, Thorne, Jennifer E., additional, Flynn, John A., additional, Siliciano, Robert F., additional, and Blankson, Joel N., additional

Published
2018
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19. Structural and biochemical determinants of ligand binding by the c-di-GMP riboswitch

Author

Smith, Kathryn D., Lipchock, Sarah V., Livingston, Alison L., Shanahan, Carly A., and Strobel, Scott A.

Subjects
Gene expression -- Analysis, Ligand binding (Biochemistry) -- Analysis, Molecular electronics -- Analysis, Purine nucleotides -- Structure, Purine nucleotides -- Chemical properties, RNA -- Structure, RNA -- Chemical properties, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

The c-di-GMP riboswitch (GEMM) is an important downstream target in the signaling pathway and has altered gene expression in response to changing concentrations of c-di-GMP. Many mutants have retained sufficient c-di-GMP affinity for the RNA to remain biologically relevant, which has indicated that the motif is resilient to mutation.

Published
2010

20. Cross-reactive microbial peptides can modulate HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses.

Author

Pohlmeyer, Christopher W., Laskey, Sarah B., Beck, Sarah E., Xu, Daniel C., Capoferri, Adam A., Garliss, Caroline C., May, Megan E., Livingston, Alison, Lichmira, Walt, Moore, Richard D., Leffell, M. Sue, Butler, Nicholas J., Thorne, Jennifer E., Flynn, John A., Siliciano, Robert F., and Blankson, Joel N.

Subjects
MICROBIAL peptides, HIV infection genetics, EPITOPES, MICROBIAL communities, MICROBIOLOGICAL chemistry
Abstract

Heterologous immunity is an important aspect of the adaptive immune response. We hypothesized that this process could modulate the HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell response, which has been shown to play an important role in HIV-1 immunity and control. We found that stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HIV-1-positive subjects with microbial peptides that were cross-reactive with immunodominant HIV-1 epitopes resulted in dramatic expansion of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, the TCR repertoire of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells generated by ex vivo stimulation of PBMCs using HIV-1 peptide was different from that of cells stimulated with cross-reactive microbial peptides in some HIV-1-positive subjects. Despite these differences, CD8+ T cells stimulated with either HIV-1 or cross-reactive peptides effectively suppressed HIV-1 replication in autologous CD4+ T cells. These data suggest that exposure to cross-reactive microbial antigens can modulate HIV-1-specific immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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25. Unnatural substrates reveal the importance of 8-oxoguanine for in vivo mismatch repair by MutY.

Author

Livingston, Alison L, O'Shea, Valerie L, Kim, Taewoo, Kool, Eric T, and David, Sheila S

Subjects
*CHROMOGENIC compounds, *ESCHERICHIA coli, *GENETIC mutation, *PHYSIOLOGICAL oxidation, *DNA
Abstract

Escherichia coli MutY has an important role in preventing mutations associated with the oxidative lesion 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (OG) in DNA by excising adenines from OG·A mismatches as the first step of base excision repair. To determine the importance of specific steps in the base pair recognition and base removal process of MutY, we have evaluated the effects of modifications of the OG·A substrate on the kinetics of base removal, mismatch affinity and repair to G-C in an E. coli–based assay. Notably, adenine modification was tolerated in the cellular assay, whereas modification of OG resulted in minimal cellular repair. High affinity for the mismatch and efficient base removal required the presence of OG. Taken together, these results suggest that the presence of OG is a critical feature that is necessary for MutY to locate OG·A mismatches and select the appropriate adenines for excision to initiate repair in vivo before replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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26. Insight into the Functional Consequences of Inherited Variants of the hMYH Adenine Glycosylase Associated with Colorectal Cancer: Complementation Assays with hMYH Variants and Pre-steady-state Kinetics of the Corresponding Mutated E. coli Enzymes

Author

Chmiel, Nikolas H., Livingston, Alison L., and David, Sheila S.

Subjects
*ADENINE, *ENDONUCLEASES, *ESCHERICHIA coli
Abstract

The oxidized guanine lesion 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (OG) is highly mutagenic, resulting in G:C to T:A transversion mutations in the absence of repair. The Escherichia coli adenine glycosylase MutY and its human homolog (hMYH) play an important role in the prevention of mutations associated with OG by removing misincorporated adenine residues from OG:A mismatches. Previously, biallelic mutations of hMYH have been identified in a British family (Family N) with symptoms characteristic of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), which is typically associated with mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. Afflicted members of this family were compound heterozygotes for two mutations in hMYH, Y165C and G382D. These positions are highly conserved in MutY across phylogeny. The current work reveals a reduced ability of the hMYH variants compared to wild-type (WT) hMYH to complement the activity of E. coli MutY in mutY(−) E. coli. In vitro analysis of the corresponding mutations in E. coli MutY revealed a reduction in the adenine glycosylase activity of the enzymes. In addition, evaluation of substrate affinity using a substrate analog, 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoroadenosine (FA) revealed that both mutations severely diminish the ability to recognize FA, and discriminate between OG and G. Importantly, adenine removal with both the mutant and WT E. coli enzymes was observed to be less efficient from a mismatch in the sequence context observed to be predominantly mutated in tumors of Family N. Interestingly, the magnitude of the reduced activity of the E. coli mutant enzymes relative to the WT enzyme was magnified in the “hotspot” sequence context. If the corresponding mutations in hMYH cause similar sensitivity to sequence context, this effect may contribute to the specific targeting of the APC gene. The lack of complementation of the hMYH variants for MutY, and the reduced activity of the Y82C and G253D E. coli enzymes, provide additional circumstantial evidence that the somatic mutations in APC, and the occurrence of FAP in Family N, are due to a reduced ability of the Y165C and G382D hMYH enzymes to recognize and repair OG:A mismatches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2003
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27. Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women with HIV on Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) Compared to Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF).

Author

Thimm MA, Livingston A, Ramroop R, and Eke AC

Abstract

Objective: Our objective was to assess the safety, efficacy, and pregnancy outcomes of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) compared to Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) use in pregnant women with HIV (PWLHIV)., Methods: This retrospective cohort study of all women who received prenatal care at a single academic center between January 1 st 2015 and June 30 th , 2020 compared outcomes in PWLHIV using TDF compared to TAF. The primary outcome was weight-gain during pregnancy. Secondary outcomes included CD4 count, viral-load, gestational age at delivery, fetal and neonatal outcomes. Outcomes were analyzed using standard statistical tests. Multivariable linear-regression analysis models accounting for potential confounders were created for primary and secondary outcomes, with beta coefficients ( β ) and associated 95% confidence intervals as the primary measure of effect. Statistical analysis was done with STATA 16., Results: There were 66 women in the TDF group and 34 women in the TAF group. In the overall cohort, the median (interquartile range, IQR) gestational age at delivery for PWLHIV on TDF and TAF were 38.6 (IQR 37.5-39.4) and 38.1 (31.1-39.1) weeks respectively; and most women (85%) were Black/African American. Compared to PWLHIV on a TDF regimen, women on TAF, on average, gained over 3 kg more weight in the 3 rd trimester of pregnancy ( β= 3.20, 95% CI 1.64, 7.97; p=0.03 ). Women in the TAF arm were also more likely to have higher median CD4-count (470 cells/mm 3 versus 669 cells/mm 3 , p=0.035 ) in the third trimester compared to women on TDF. There were no cases of neonatal/infant HIV or death., Conclusion: Although TAF use was associated with more weight gain compared to TDF, both regimens appear safe and effective during pregnancy. PWLHIV should be counseled about the potential for weight gain with TAF based regimens during pregnancy.

Published
2022

28. Inherited variants of MYH associated with somatic G:C-->T:A mutations in colorectal tumors.

Author

Al-Tassan N, Chmiel NH, Maynard J, Fleming N, Livingston AL, Williams GT, Hodges AK, Davies DR, David SS, Sampson JR, and Cheadle JP

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Colorectal Neoplasms enzymology, Conserved Sequence, DNA Repair genetics, DNA, Neoplasm genetics, Evolution, Molecular, Female, Genes, APC, Genetic Variation, Humans, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Pedigree, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics, DNA Glycosylases, N-Glycosyl Hydrolases genetics, Point Mutation
Abstract

Inherited defects of base excision repair have not been associated with any human genetic disorder, although mutations of the genes mutM and mutY, which function in Escherichia coli base excision repair, lead to increased transversions of G:C to T:A. We have studied family N, which is affected with multiple colorectal adenomas and carcinoma but lacks an inherited mutation of the adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC) that is associated with familial adenomatous polyposis. Here we show that 11 tumors from 3 affected siblings contain 18 somatic inactivating mutations of APC and that 15 of these mutations are G:C-->A transversions--a significantly greater proportion than is found in sporadic tumors or in tumors associated with familial adenomatous polyposis. Analysis of the human homolog of mutY, MYH, showed that the siblings were compound heterozygotes for the nonconservative missense variants Tyr165Cys and Gly382Asp. These mutations affect residues that are conserved in mutY of E. coli (Tyr82 and Gly253). Tyrosine 82 is located in the pseudo-helix-hairpin-helix (HhH) motif and is predicted to function in mismatch specificity. Assays of adenine glycosylase activity of the Tyr82Cys and Gly253Asp mutant proteins with 8-oxoG:A and G:A substrates show that their activity is reduced significantly. Our findings link the inherited variants in MYH to the pattern of somatic APC mutation in family N and implicate defective base excision repair in predisposition to tumors in humans.

Published
2002
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