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2. Optimisation of COVID‐19 diagnostic pathways in acute hospital admissions to prevent nosocomial transmission

Author

Livingstone, Robert, Woodhead, Alexander, Bhandari, Megha, Dias, James, Smith, Trevor, Havelock, Tom, and Stammers, Matthew

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Cross Infection, COVID-19 Testing, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Pandemics, Sensitivity and Specificity, Hospitals, Genetics (clinical), Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Introduction: In the management of acute hospital admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic, safe patient cohorting depends on robust admission diagnostic strategies. It is essential that screening strategies are sensitive and rapid, to prevent nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 and maintain patient flow. Methods: We retrospectively identified all COVID-19 positive and suspected cases at our institution screened by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) between 4 April and 28 June 2020. Using RT-PCR positivity within 7 days as our reference standard, we assessed sensitivity and net-benefit of three admission screening strategies: single admission RT-PCR, composite admission RT-PCR and CXR and repeat RT-PCR with 48 h. Results: RT-PCR single-test sensitivity was 91.5% (87.8%-94.4%) versus 97.7% (95.4%-99.1%) (p = 0.025) for RT-PCR/CXR composite testing and 95.1% (92.1%-97.2%) (p = 0.03) for repeated RT-PCR. Net-benefit was 0.83 for single RT-PCR versus 0.89 for RT-PCR/CXR and 0.87 for repeated RT-PCR at 0.02% threshold probability. Conclusion: The RT-PCR/CXR composite testing strategy was highly sensitive when screening patients at the point of hospital admission. Real-world sensitivity of this approach was comparable to repeat RT-PCR testing within 48 h; however, faster facilitating improved patient flow.

Published
2022

4. Implications for sequencing of biologic therapy and choice of second anti-TNF in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results from the IMmunogenicity to Second Anti-TNF therapy (IMSAT) therapeutic drug monitoring study

Author

Chanchlani, Neil, Lin, Simeng, Auth, Marcus K., Lee, Chai Leng, Robbins, Helena, Looi, Shi, Murugesan, Senthil V., Riley, Tom, Preston, Cathryn, Stephenson, Sophie, Cardozo, Wendy, Sonwalkar, Sunil A., Allah‐ditta, Mohammed, Mansfield, Lynne, Durai, Dharmaraj, Baker, Mark, London, Ian, London, Emily, Gupta, Sanjay, Di Mambro, Alex, Murphy, Aisling, Gaynor, Edward, Jones, Kelsey D. J., Claridge, Andrew, Sebastian, Shaji, Ramachandran, Sankaranarayanan, Selinger, Christian P., Borg‐bartolo, Simon P., Knight, Paul, Sprakes, Michael B., Burton, Julie, Kane, Patricia, Lupton, Stephanie, Fletcher, Aimee, Gaya, Daniel R., Colbert, Roghan, Seenan, John Paul, Macdonald, Jonathan, Lynch, Lucy, Mclachlan, Iain, Shields, Stephanie, Hansen, Richard, Gervais, Lisa, Jere, Mwansa, Akhtar, Muhammad, Black, Karen, Henderson, Paul, Russell, Richard K., Lees, Charlie W., Derikx, Lauranne A. A. P., Lockett, Melanie, Betteridge, Frederica, De Silva, Aminda, Hussenbux, Arif, Beckly, John, Bendall, Oliver, Hart, James W., Thomas, Amanda, Hamilton, Ben, Gordon, Claire, Chee, Desmond, Mcdonald, Timothy J., Nice, Rachel, Parkinson, Marian, Gardner‐thorpe, Helen, Butterworth, Jeff R., Javed, Asima, Al‐shakhshir, Sarah, Yadagiri, Rekha, Maher, Sebrene, Pollok, Richard C. G., Ng, Tze, Appiahene, Priscilla, Donovan, Fiona, Lok, James, Chandy, Rajiv, Jagdish, Reema, Baig, Daniyal, Mahmood, Zahid, Marsh, Liane, Moss, Allison, Abdulgader, Amin, Kitchin, Angus, Walker, Gareth J., George, Becky, Lim, Yuen‐hui, Gulliver, James, Bloom, Stuart, Theaker, Holly, Carlson, Sean, Cummings, J. R. Fraser, Livingstone, Robert, Beale, Amanda, Carter, Josiah O., Bell, Andrew, Coulter, Archibald, Snook, Jonathon, Stone, Helen, Kennedy, Nicholas A., Goodhand, James R., and Ahmad, Tariq

Subjects
Biological Therapy, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Adalimumab, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors, Drug Monitoring, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Antibodies, Infliximab, Inflammatory diseases Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 5], Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 288040.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Anti-drug antibodies are associated with treatment failure to anti-TNF agents in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). AIM: To assess whether immunogenicity to a patient's first anti-TNF agent would be associated with immunogenicity to the second, irrespective of drug sequence METHODS: We conducted a UK-wide, multicentre, retrospective cohort study to report rates of immunogenicity and treatment failure of second anti-TNF therapies in 1058 patients with IBD who underwent therapeutic drug monitoring for both infliximab and adalimumab. The primary outcome was immunogenicity to the second anti-TNF agent, defined at any timepoint as an anti-TNF antibody concentration ≥9 AU/ml for infliximab and ≥6 AU/ml for adalimumab. RESULTS: In patients treated with infliximab and then adalimumab, those who developed antibodies to infliximab were more likely to develop antibodies to adalimumab, than patients who did not develop antibodies to infliximab (OR 1.99, 95%CI 1.27-3.20, p = 0.002). Similarly, in patients treated with adalimumab and then infliximab, immunogenicity to adalimumab was associated with subsequent immunogenicity to infliximab (OR 2.63, 95%CI 1.46-4.80, p

Published
2022

9. The remote results of collapse therapy in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis

Author

Livingstone, Robert

Subjects
616.99
Abstract

1. The results are presented of an investigation into the remote results of collapse therapy in 630 patients suffering from open pulmonary tuberculosis. 2. The fatality incidence is presented, a in all cases, b in those cases wherein treatment resulted in sputum conversion, and c in those cases where treatment failed to produce sputum conversion. 3. The difference in the results obtained in the two latter groups is illustrated graphically. 4. A short review is included of the results of a few investigations of a comparable nature. 5. The incidence of complications together with the causes of death in both groups of patients 2b and 2c above is discussed and it is indicated that all cases appear to die of pulmonary tuberculosis eventually, even although the expectation of life of the negative group may be considerably prolonged. 6. The urgent necessity for early diagnosis and more especially for the provision of early treatment is discussed and a suggestion is made for this provision. It is suggested that collapse therapy is valueless and may not he without danger if it is maintained after it has become evident that it will not result in sputum conversion.

Published
1947

10. PTH-105 Hyperglycaemia in steroid treated hospitalised IBD inpatients and its risk factors identified by machine learning

Author

McDonnell, Martin, primary, Harris, Richard, additional, Dharmasiri, Suranga, additional, Phan, Hang, additional, Borca, Florina, additional, Mills, Tilly, additional, Downey, Louise, additional, Young, David, additional, Shahid, Shahid, additional, Livingstone, Robert, additional, Felwick, Richard, additional, Cummings, Fraser, additional, and Gwiggner, Markus, additional

Published
2019
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33. The Remote Results of Collapse Therapy in the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Author

Livingstone, Robert and Livingstone, Robert

Abstract

1. The results are presented of an investigation into the remote results of collapse therapy in 630 patients suffering from open pulmonary tuberculosis. 2. The fatality incidence is presented, a in all cases, b in those cases wherein treatment resulted in sputum conversion, and c in those cases where treatment failed to produce sputum conversion. 3. The difference in the results obtained in the two latter groups is illustrated graphically. 4. A short review is included of the results of a few investigations of a comparable nature. 5. The incidence of complications together with the causes of death in both groups of patients 2b and 2c above is discussed and it is indicated that all cases appear to die of pulmonary tuberculosis eventually, even although the expectation of life of the negative group may be considerably prolonged. 6. The urgent necessity for early diagnosis and more especially for the provision of early treatment is discussed and a suggestion is made for this provision. It is suggested that collapse therapy is valueless and may not he without danger if it is maintained after it has become evident that it will not result in sputum conversion.

44. VULVA AND VAGINA

Author

MINO, ROBERT A., primary, LIVINGSTONE, ROBERT G., additional, and HYNES, JOHN F., additional

Published
1953
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45. Preparation of some Dihalogenodihydronaphthopyrans and Derivatives

Author

A. R. Derrick, Ian, Iqbal, Muhammad, Livingstone, Robert, and J. McGreevy, Bruce

Abstract

The preparations of 3,4-dihalogeno-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans and 1,2-dihalogeno-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans and their conversion into some related naphthopyran derivatives are described.

Published
1999
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46. Solvolysis of 3,4-Dihalogeno-3,4-dihydro- 2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans and 1,2-Dihalogeno-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans

Author

A. R. Derrick, Ian, Livingstone, Robert, and J. McGreevy, Bruce

Abstract

Rates and activation parameters are obtained for the hydrolysis of trans-3ax,4ax-dihalogeno-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphtho[1;2-b]pyrans and trans-1ax,2ax-dihalogeno-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans1 and the methanolysis of the latter compounds in acetone–water and acetone–methanol, respectively.

Published
1999
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47. Dimers of Some 6-Substituted 2,2-Dimethyl-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans

Author

David Cotterill, W., Iqbal, Muhammed, and Livingstone, Robert

Abstract

The reactions of 4-(4-chloro-, 4-bromo- and 4-methyl-1-hydroxy-2-naphthyl)-2-methylbut-3-en-2-ols in acetic acid containing a few drops of sulfuric acid or in methanol saturated with hydrogen chloride furnished dimers of the related 6-substituted 2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans.

Published
1998
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48. Preparation of Some 6-Substituted 2,2-Dimethyl- and 2,2- and 2,4-Diphenyl-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans

Author

David Cotterill, W., Iqbal, Muhammad, and Livingstone, Robert

Abstract

6-Chloro-, 6-bromo-, and 6-methyl-2,2-dimethyl-, and -2,2- and -2,4-diphenyl-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans are prepared from the appropriate 4-substituted 2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-2-ones and either methylmagnesium iodide or phenylmagnesium bromide; some related compounds and derivatives are also prepared and dimerisation of cylized products from the methylmagnesium iodide reactions affords dimers including a relative of isolapachenole through addition reactions of the intermediate carbonium ion.

Published
1998
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