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Background: The recently released Myeloma Response Assessment and Diagnosis System (MY-RADS) for multiple myeloma (MM) evaluation by whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) describes the total burden score. However, assessment is confounded by red bone marrow hyperplasia in anemia. Objective: To assess utility of the MY-RADS total burden score, ADC, and fat fraction (FF) from WB-MRI in predicting early treatment response in patients with newly diagnosed MM and to compare these measures' utility between patients with and without anemia. Methods: This retrospective study included 56 patients (mean age 57.4±9.6 years; 40 men, 16 women) with newly diagnosed MM who underwent baseline WB-MRI including DWI and mDixon sequences. Two radiologists recorded total burden score using MY-RADS and measured ADC and FF of diffuse and focal disease sites. Mean values across sites were derived. Interobserver agreement was evaluated; readers' mean assessments were used for further analyses. Presence of deep response after four cycles of induction chemotherapy was recorded. Patients were classified as anemic if having hemoglobin less than 100 g/L. Utility of WB-MRI parameters in predicting deep response was assessed. Results: A total of 24/56 patients showed deep response; a total of 25/56 patients had anemia. Interobserver agreement, expressed using intraclass correlation coefficients, ranged from 0.95 to 0.99. Among patients without anemia, those with deep response compared with those without deep response exhibited lower total burden score (9.0 vs 18.0), lower ADC (0.79x10-3mm2/s vs 1.08x10-3mm2/s), and higher FF (0.21 vs 0.10) (all p 0.16 for FF) achieved sensitivity of 93.8%, specificity of 93.3%, and accuracy of 93.5% for predicting deep response. In patients with anemia, none of the three parameters were significantly different between those with and without deep response (all p>.05), and the combination of parameters achieved sensitivity of 56.3%, specificity of 100.0%, and accuracy of 72.0%. Conclusion: Low total burden score, low ADC, and high FF from WB-MRI may predict deep response in MM, though only among those patients without anemia. Clinical Impact: WB-MRI findings may help guide determination of prognosis and initial treatment selection in MM.

Single crystal (SC) MAPbBr3 perovskite is regarded as a promising material to fabricate high-performance photodetectors (PDs) due to its impressive optoelectronic properties and good chemical stability. Cs+ doping has been proved to be an effective method to significantly improve the optoelectronic properties of MAPbBr3 SC. However, the intrinsic effect of Cs+ on the crystal structure is still unclear. Herein, we grew a series CsxMA(1-x)PbBr3 SCs. X-ray rocking curves (XRC) of CsxMA(1-x)PbBr3 SCs prove that appropriate Cs-doping concentration could reduce defect density effectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements indicate that Cs-doping enhances the atoms interaction in CsxMA(1-x)PbBr3 lattice due to isoelectronic impurity effect. Single-crystal PDs were fabricated to compare the optoelectronic properties of MAPbBr3 SCs with different Cs-doping concentration, and the 2% Cs-doped CsxMA(1-x)PbBr3 PD shows the optimum performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that Cs-doping leads to lattice relaxation effect which is benefit to reduce trap density of CsxMA(1-x)PbBr3 SCs. The Pb-6p level of CsxMA(1-x)PbBr3 slightly shifts to lower energy region compared with MAPbBr3, resulting in the decrease of band gap of CsxMA(1-x)PbBr3.

(1) Background: Follow-up infarct volume (FIV) may have implications for prognostication in acute ischemic stroke patients. Factors predicting the discrepancy between FIV and 90-day outcomes are poorly understood. We aimed to develop a comprehensive predictive model of FIV and explore factors associated with the discrepancy. (2) Methods: Patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion were included. Baseline clinical and CT features were extracted and analyzed, including the CTP-based hypoperfusion index (HI) and the NCCT-based e-ASPECT, measured by automated software. FIV was assessed on follow-up NCCT at 3–7 days. Multiple linear regression was used to construct the predictive model. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore factors associated with poor outcomes (90-mRS scores 3–6) in small FIV (

Pingping Su,1 Jian An,1,2 Lirui Yu,1 Huifang Lei,1 Lixiang Huang,1 Xiaodan Mao,1,3 Pengming Sun1,3 1Department of Gynecology, Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gynecology, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China; 3Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Pengming Sun; Xiaodan Mao, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-591-87558732, Fax +86-591-87551247, Email fmsun1975@fjmu.edu.cn; maodan1985@yeah.netPurpose: This study aimed to explore lymphocyte subsets for the personalized prediction of endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) risk and evaluated the correlation between immune cells and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging in patients with EEC.Patients and Methods: A case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 421 patients admitted to Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from October 2017 to December 2021. t-tests or Mann–Whitney U-tests were used to analyze the percentages and absolute counts of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with EEC and patients without cancer. The independent risk factors for ECC and FIGO stage were analyzed via multivariate binary logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to evaluate the prediction efficacy of risk factors on ECC.Results: The CD4+ T% in the 121 patients with EEC was lower than in the 300 patients without cancer (P = 0.013). The absolute counts of peripheral CD4+ T (P = 0.002) and T cells (P = 0.007) in 37 patients with EEC were lower than in 51 patients without cancer. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that CD4+ T% and natural killer cell (NK)% were independent risk factors for FIGO staging in patients with EEC. NK% was significantly higher in patients with advanced stage (FIGO III and IV) than those with early EEC (FIGO I and II) (P = 0.004). To determine the early and advance FIGO stage of EEC, the cutoff value of NK% was calculated as 19.94%.Conclusion: With the decrease of CD4+ T counts, the immune status of patients with EEC is impaired. NK cells may help in the evaluation of the prognosis of patients with EEC and are likely to be an independent risk factor for FIGO staging in patients with EEC.Keywords: CD4+ T lymphocyte, NK cells, endometrioid endometrial cancer, lymphocyte subsets, immune

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising semiconductor for photocathodic protection, but the low efficiency of visible-light absorption and quantum restricts its application. In this study, graphene ...

BACKGROUND: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been widely applied to detect lymph node (LN) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) in various cancers, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate metastatic cervical lymph nodes (LNs)

To investigate whether dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) metrics can better identify minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) patients from cirrhotic patients without any hepatic encephalopathy (noHE) and healthy controls (HCs). Resting-state functional MRI data were acquired from 62 patients with cirrhosis (MHE, n=30; noHE, n=32) and 41 HCs. We used the sliding time window approach and functional connectivity analysis to extract the time-varying properties of brain connectivity. Three DFC characteristics (i.e., strength, stability, and variability) were calculated. For comparison, we also calculated the static functional connectivity (SFC). A linear support vector machine was used to differentiate MHE patients from noHE and HCs using DFC and SFC metrics as classification features. The leave-one-out cross-validation method was used to estimate the classification performance. The strength of DFC (DFC-Dstrength) achieved the best accuracy (MHE vs. noHE, 72.5%; MHE vs. HCs, 84%; and noHE vs. HCs, 88%) compared to the other dynamic features. Compared to static features, the classification accuracies of the DFC-Dstrength feature were improved by 10.5%, 8%, and 14% for MHE vs. noHE, MHE vs. HC, and noHE vs. HCs, respectively. Based on the DFC-Dstrength, seven nodes were identified as the most discriminant features to classify MHE from noHE, including left inferior parietal lobule, left supramarginal gyrus, left calcarine, left superior frontal gyrus, left cerebellum, right postcentral gyrus, and right insula. In summary , DFC characteristics have a higher classification accuracy in identifying MHE from cirrhosis patients. Our findings suggest the usefulness of DFC in capturing neural processes and identifying disease-related biomarkers important for MHE identification.

Doping dopants are one of the most effective methods which can improve crystallinity, reduce traps, adjust bandgap width of perovskite films and obtain efficient perovskite photodetectors. Chlorine-based dopants have been reported in many literatures, yet their role still remains a mystery. In our study, a typical solution-processed organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite material CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) was synthesized as the absorption layer for photodetectors and methylammonium chloride (MACl) was selected as dopant. By tuning the incorporation ratios of MACl in the MAPbI3 precursor solutions, bandgap width and trap densities of the MAPbI3 films can be effectively reduced. The crystallinity and morphology of perovskite films were obviously improved, and the photoelectric properties of photodetectors were further enhanced. Ultimately, the optimal device was obtained when the incorporation ratio of MACl reached 1.0 wt%. External quantum efficiency (EQE) of the optimal device exhibited up to 81%, nearly 30% higher than EQE of the device without incorporation. A lower dark current density (Jd) of 8.4 × 10–8 A cm−2 at − 0.1 V bias was obtained because of low trap densities, moreover, due to the suppressed Jd, the optimal device operating at room temperature showed a specific detectivity (D*) of 2.71 × 1012 Jones and a linear dynamic range (LDR) of 104 dB, higher than the D* of 7.03 × 1011 Jones and the LDR of 91 dB of the device without incorporation, respectively.

We aimed to investigate differential characteristics of plaque in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and hemodynamics in patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), and to develop a predictive model for the presence of ischemic stroke and neurological impairment.Sixty-seven patients with acute ischemic events in MCA territory who underwent high-resolution vessel wall imaging between September 2016 and August 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were assigned to either the stroke group or TIA group, according to diffusion-weighted imaging and neurological examination. Plaque characteristics and anterograde score (AnS) were calculated. Tmax6.0-s volume was acquired by RApid Processing of perfusIon and Diffusion software. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to establish a predictive model for irreversible infarction occurrence and clinical severity.Forty-five patients were assigned to the stroke group, and 22 were assigned to the TIA group. Plaque length, intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), enhancement, AnS, and Tmax6.0-s volumes were significantly different between the two groups (p0.05). IPH and AnS were independent predictors for patients with stroke (p = 0.020 and 0.034, respectively). Tmax6.0-s volume, IPH, hypertension, and AnS were associated with high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (all p0.05, R = 0.725, and adjusted RIPH and AnS are useful in predicting stroke occurrence. Tmax6.0-s volume, IPH, hypertension, and AnS are associated with neurological impairment of the patients.• Ischemic stroke and TIA patients have different plaque characteristics and hemodynamics. • Intraplaque hemorrhage and anterograde score have high diagnostic efficiency for ischemic stroke. • The combination of Tmax6.0-s volume, intraplaque hemorrhage, hypertension, and anterograde score can predict the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores of patients.

The present study proposes a new process for synthesis of alkali-activated materials (AAM)-supported analcime-C foam materials (AFs), utilizing a by-product of the lithium carbonate industry. This material has great application value as a bulk-type solid adsorbent. Characterization analyses show that the alkaline activator modulus greatly affects the crystallinity of analcime-C in AFs. Furthermore, the compressive strength, zeolite yield, and microstructure of AFs are significantly affected by the saturated steam parameters, including crystallization pressure, temperature, and time. The synthesized materials comprise pores of different sizes (micro to macro). They combine the functional micro-porosity of the analcime-C, the meso-porosity of the gel matrix, and the macro-porosity of the foamed AAM. The maximum compressive strength, density, total porosity, and Pb2+ adsorption capacity of AFs investigated in this study are 1.15 MPa, 350 kg/m3, 76.5%, and 69.3 mg/g Pb2+, respectively. Unlike many granular adsorbents, the bulk AFs adsorbent produced by this process is easy to recycle. In addition, it also contributes to the comprehensive utilization of a by-product of the lithium carbonate industry.

To explore changes of cerebral gray matter volumes (GMV) in hemodialysis patients, the clinical risk factors for GMV changes, and the relationship between GMV changes and neuropsychological tests results. Eighty-eight hemodialysis patients and seventy-six healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this study. Fifty patients underwent follow-up magnetic resonance, blood biochemical examinations, and neuropsychological test (1.75±0.55 years). Changes in GMV between patients and HCs, longitudinal GMV changes in patients were explored. The clinical risk factors for the longitudinal GMV changes, the correlations between longitudinal GMV changes and neuropsychological tests changes in hemodialysis patients were analyzed. Compared to HCs, the hemodialysis patients had diffusely decreased in GMV (with age, sex, and total intracranial volume [TIV] as covariates, PPPPP=0.02). The decreased left caudate volumes were positively correlated with reduced MMSE scores in hemodialysis patients (rs=0.437, P=0.033). Hemodialysis patients had diffused GM atrophy over time, which was related to cognitive impairment.

Efficient CH3NH3PbI3 photodetectors (PDs) with an extremely high gain of the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 140 000% within the ultraviolet region to the near infrared region (NIR) and an extremely high responsivity (R) under a low bias of −5 V were successfully fabricated. The fabricated devices manifested outstanding environmental stability with only 10% degradation of EQE after being exposed to air for 24 h. These obtained results indicate the promising potential of perovskite PDs for visible light communication applications.

Immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming are two fundamental hallmarks of cancer. Interestingly, lactate closely links them together. However, lactate has long been recognized as a metabolic waste product. Lactate and the acidification of the tumor microenvironment (TME) promote key carcinogenesis processes, including angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and immune escape. Notably, histone lysine lactylation (Kla) was identified as a novel post-modification (PTM), providing a new perspective on the mechanism by which lactate functions and providing a promising and potential therapy for tumors target. Further studies have confirmed that protein lactylation is essential for lactate to function; it involves important life activities such as glycolysis-related cell functions and macrophage polarization. This review systematically elucidates the role of lactate as an immunosuppressive molecule from the aspects of lactate metabolism and the effects of histone lysine or non-histone lactylation on immune cells; it provides new ideas for further understanding protein lactylation in elucidating lactate regulation of cell metabolism and immune function. We explored the possibility of targeting potential targets in lactate metabolism for cancer treatment. Finally, it is promising to propose a combined strategy inhibiting the glycolytic pathway and immunotherapy.

The accurate identification of irreversible infarction and salvageable tissue is important in planning the treatments for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Computed tomographic perfusion (CTP) can be used to evaluate the ischemic core and deficit, covering most of the territories of anterior circulation, but many community hospitals and primary stroke centers do not have the capability to perform CTP scan in emergency situation. This study aimed to identify AIS lesions from widely available non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) and CT angiography (CTA) using deep learning. A total of 345AIS patients from our emergency department were included. A multi-scale 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) was used as the predictive model with inputs of NCCT, CTA, and CTA+ (8 s delay after CTA) images. An external cohort with 108 patients was included to further validate the generalization performance of the proposed model. Strong correlations with CTP-RAPID segmentations ( r = 0.84 for core, r = 0.83 for deficit) were observed when NCCT, CTA, and CTA+ images were all used in the model. The diagnostic decisions according to DEFUSE3 showed high accuracy when using NCCT, CTA, and CTA+ (0.90±0.04), followed by the combination of NCCT and CTA (0.87±0.04), CTA-alone (0.76±0.06), and NCCT-alone (0.53±0.09).

Objective To develop and validate an individualized risk prediction model for the need for central cervical lymph node dissection in patients with clinical N0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) diagnosed using ultrasound. Methods Upon retrospective review, derivation and internal validation cohorts comprised 1585 consecutive patients with PTC treated from January 2017 to December 2019 at hospital A. The external validation cohort consisted of 406 consecutive patients treated at hospital B from January 2016 to June 2020. Independent risk factors for central cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) were determined through univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. An individualized risk prediction model was constructed and illustrated as a nomogram, which was internally and externally validated. Results The following risk factors of CLNM were established: a solitary primary thyroid nodule’s diameter, shape, calcification, and capsular abutment-to-lesion perimeter ratio. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the risk prediction model for the internal and external validation cohorts were 0.921 and 0.923, respectively. The calibration curve showed good agreement between the nomogram-estimated probability of CLNM and the actual CLNM rates in the 3 cohorts. The decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical usefulness of the nomogram. Conclusion This study developed and validated a model for predicting the risk of CLNM in individual patients with clinical N0 PTC, which should be an efficient tool for guiding clinical treatment.

Neurocognitive impairment is present in cirrhosis and may be more severe in cirrhosis with the overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE). Liver transplantation (LT) may reverse the impaired brain function. MRI of resting-state functional connectivity can help unravel the underlying mechanisms that lead to these cognitive deficits and recovery. Sixty-four cirrhotic patients (28 with OHE; 36 without) and 32 healthy controls were recruited for resting-state fMRI. The patients were scanned before and after LT. We evaluated pre- and postsurgical neurocognitive performance in cirrhotic patients using psychomotor tests, i.e. number connection test (NCT) and digit symbol test (DST). Network-based statistics found significant disrupted connectivity in both groups of cirrhosis with OHE and without compared to controls. However, the presurgical connectivity disruption in patients with OHE was included in a greater number of connections than those without (65 vs. 17). The decrease in FC for both OHE and non-OHE patient groups was reversed to the level of controls after LT. An additional hyperconnected network (i.e., higher than controls) was observed in OHE patients after LT (p=0.009). Regarding the neural-behavior relationship, the functional network that predicted cognitive performance in healthy individuals, showed no correlation in presurgical cirrhotic patients. Such an impaired neural-behavior relationship was re-established after LT for non-OHE patients but not for OHE. OHE patients displayed abnormal hyperconnectivity and persistently impaired neural-behavior relationship after LT. Our results suggest that patients with OHE may undergo a different trajectory of postsurgical neurofunctional recovery in comparison to those without, which needs further clarification in the future study.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) have the ability to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. They are self-renewing and sufficient to provide large amounts of brain tissue cells. NSCs have promising application prospects for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Spider toxins are important tools for use in neurobiology and neuropharmacology. In this study, a Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8), immunofluorescence staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyse the effects of different concentrations (1, 10 and 20 μg/mL) of Chilobrachys jingzhao crude venom on the proliferation and differentiation of C17.2 cells in vitro. At low concentrations, C. jingzhao crude venom did not significantly inhibit the proliferation of NSCs; however, the highest concentration of 20 μg/mL partially inhibited the NSC proliferation. In the differentiation medium, addition of C. jingzhao crude venom effectively promoted the differentiation of NSCs towards neuronal cells, with a final concentration of 10 μg/mL having the most obvious effect. These results suggest that C. jingzhao crude venom exerts a regulatory effect on the proliferation and differentiation of C17.2 cells. Therefore, spider venom can be used as an ‘ammunition library’ to find factors that regulate the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs, laying the groundwork for the application of NSCs in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.

Neuropsychological studies have documented an incomplete reversal of pre-existing cognitive dysfunction in cirrhotic patients after liver transplantation (LT) and have found this is more severe in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE). In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of prior HE episodes on post-transplantation brain function recovery. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data was collected from 30 healthy controls and 33 cirrhotic patients (HE, n = 15 and noHE, n = 18) before and one month after LT. Long- and short-range functional connectivity strength (FCS) analysis indicated that before transplantation both noHE and HE groups showed diffuse FCS abnormalities relative to healthy controls. For the noHE group, the abnormal FCS found before LT largely returned to normal levels after LT, except for in the cerebellum, precuneus, and orbital middle frontal gyrus. However, the abnormal FCS prior to LT was largely preserved in the HE group, including high-level cognition-related (frontal and parietal lobes) and vision-related areas (occipital lobe, cuneus, and precuneus). In addition, comparisons between HE and noHE groups revealed that weaker FCS in default mode network (DMN) in HE group persisted from pre- to post- LT. Correlation analysis showed that changes in FCS in the left postcentral and right middle frontal gyrus correlated with alterations in neuropsychological performance and ammonia levels. In conclusion, the findings in this study demonstrate potential adverse effects of pre-LT episode of HE on post-LT brain function recovery, and reveal that DMN may be the most affected brain region by HE episodes, which can't be reversed by LT.

Cerebrovascular aneurysms are being observed with rapidly increasing incidence. Therefore, tools are needed for accurate and efficient detection of aneurysms. We used deep learning techniques with CT angiography acquired from multiple medical centers and different machines to develop and evaluate an automatic detection model. In this study, we have introduced a deep learning model, the faster RCNN model, in order to develop a tool for automatic detection of aneurysms from medical images. The inputs of the model were 2D nearby projection (NP) images from 3D CTA, which were made by the NP method proposed in this study. This method made aneurysms clearly visible on images and improved the model’s performance. The study included 311 patients with 352 aneurysms, selected from three hospitals, and 208 and 103 of these patients, respectively, were randomly selected to train and test the models. The sensitivity of the trained model was 91.8%. For aneurysm sizes larger than 3 mm, the sensitivity of successful aneurysm detection was 96.7%. We achieved state-of-the-art sensitivity for > 3 mm aneurysms. The sensitivities also indicated that there was no significant difference among aneurysms at different locations in the body. Computing time for the detection process was less than 25 s per case. We successfully developed a deep learning model that can automatically detect aneurysms. The model performed well for aneurysms of different sizes or in different locations. This finding indicates that the deep learning model has the potential to vastly improve clinician performance by providing automated aneurysm detection.

Neurocognitive impairment is present in cirrhosis and may be more severe in cirrhosis with overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE). Liver transplantation (LT) can restore liver function, but how it reverses the impaired brain function is still unclear. MRI of resting-state functional connectivity can help reveal the underlying mechanisms that lead to these cognitive deficits and cognitive recovery. In this study, 64 patients with cirrhosis (28 with OHE; 36 without OHE) and 32 healthy control subjects were recruited for resting-state fMRI. The patients were scanned before and after LT. We evaluated presurgical and postsurgical neurocognitive performance in cirrhosis patients using psychomotor tests. Network-based statistics found significant disrupted connectivity in both groups of cirrhotic patients, with OHE and without OHE, compared with control subjects. However, the presurgical connectivity disruption in patients with OHE affected a greater number of connections than those without OHE. The decrease in functional connectivity for both OHE and non-OHE patient groups was reversed after LT to the level of control subjects. An additional hyperconnected network (i.e., higher connected than control subjects) was observed in OHE patients after LT. Regarding the neural–behavior relationship, the functional network that predicted cognitive performance in healthy individuals showed no correlation in presurgical cirrhotic patients. The impaired neural–behavior relationship was re-established after LT for non-OHE patients, but not for OHE patients. OHE patients displayed abnormal hyperconnectivity and a persistently impaired neural–behavior relationship after LT. Our results suggest that patients with OHE may undergo a different trajectory of postsurgical neurofunctional recovery compared with those without, which needs further clarification in future studies. Significance Statement After liver transplantation, brain functional impairment induced by cirrhosis shows some recovery in terms of both brain functional connectivity and cognitive task performance. However, cirrhotic patients with and without OHE present different recovery paths. We show that a hyperconnected network emerges for OHE patients only after liver transplantation, within which the connectivity is abnormally higher than that in healthy control subjects. Furthermore, the predictive power of the neuromarkers for cognitive task performance returns to normal in non-OHE patients only, but not in OHE patients. These findings suggest that OHE patients may exhibit functional reorganization in brain functional MRI after liver transplantation. That is, the brain connectivity responsible for cognitive task performance alters, and the brain–behavior relationship is reshaped.