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This study performed rational feeding of fermented feed to channel catfish and determined its effects on growth, the intestinal bacterial community, and metabolomics of channel catfish. There were three groups: continuous feeding (A, continuous addition of fermented feed to the puffed feed), interval feeding involving weekly intervals addition of fermented feed added to the puffed feed (B), and the control group only fed the puffed feed (C). The experiment lasted 6 months. Channel catfish were weighed and the intestinal flora and metabolomics were detected by 16S rRNA sequencing technology and liquid chromatography-based metabolomics technology, respectively after the experiment. The final body weight (FBW) of channel catfish was significantly higher in the interval feeding group than that in the control group and the continuous feeding group (P < 0.05). The richness and microbial diversity of the intestine was the highest in the interval feeding group, while the richness of the continuous feeding group was the lowest (P > 0.05). Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteriota, Chloroflexi, and Deinococcota were the dominant bacterial phyla among the intestinal flora. The dominant intestinal genera included norank_f_norank_o_Chloroplast, Mycobacterium, Cetobacterium, Romboutsia, Exiguobacterium and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. Metabolomic analysis showed that the continuous feeding group mainly affected galactose metabolism and the phosphotransferase system of the intestinal flora in channel catfish through the significant upregulation of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (P < 0.05) that affected the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates by fish. The differential metabolites L-serine and L-phenylalanine were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) in the interval feeding group. This affected sulfur metabolism and amino acid metabolism of the intestinal flora, and affected energy absorption, anti-inflammation, and immunity of the channel catfish. This study provided a theoretical basis for the exploration of feeding methods using fermentation feed and healthy green breeding of channel catfish.

AbstractCurcuma viridiflora Roxb., a plant species of significant pharmaceutical interest, has been the subject of limited chloroplast genomic research. In this study, we present the sequencing and assembly of the C. viridiflora chloroplast genome, which is characterized by a circular chromosome spanning 162,212 base pairs and a GC content of 36.20%. The genome encodes 87 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted, incorporating eight related species, and based on the complete chloroplast genome and protein-coding DNA sequences of six related taxa within the genus. Outgroup species Zingiber zerumbet and Zingiber officinale were also included in the analysis. The results indicate a close relationship between C. viridiflora and Curcuma phaeocaulis, Curcuma sichuanensis, and Curcuma yunnanensis. This study provides the first chloroplast genome of C. viridiflora, thereby contributing a valuable genomic resource for future research on medicinal plants within the Curcuma genus.

Abstract Objective To compare the outcomes associated with the use of lasmiditan, rimegepant, ubrogepant, and zavegepant for the acute management of migraine headaches. Methods We searched four electronic databases from database inception to August 31, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that report efficacy and safety for the acute treatment of migraine. The risk of bias in the included RCTs was evaluated according to the Cochrane tool, and the certainty of evidence using the CINeMA approach. We conducted frequentist network meta-analyses (NMA) to summarise the evidence. Data were analyzed using R-4.3.1. Results A total of 18 eligible studies including 10 different types of interventions with 22,429 migraine patients were included. NMA results showed that compared to ubrogepant (25 mg and 50 mg) and zavegepant, lasmiditan (100 mg and 200 mg) exhibits an elevated probability of achieving pain relief within a 2-hour interval. Similarly, relative to zavegepant, rimegepant (75 mg) and ubrogepant (50 mg and 100 mg) demonstrate an enhanced likelihood of sustaining pain relief over a 24-hour period. Furthermore, in contrast to ubrogepant (25 mg) and lasmiditan (50 mg), rimegepant (75 mg) presents a heightened probability of achieving freedom from photophobia within 2 h. Regarding safety, lasmiditan carries the highest risk of adverse events, which are associated with an increased incidence of adverse effects, including dizziness, somnolence, asthenia, paresthesia, and fatigue. Conclusions In this NMA, a spectrum of evidence ranging from very low to high levels underscores the favorable efficacy and tolerability of rimegepant 75 mg and ubrogepant 100 mg, positioning them as potential candidates for the acute management of migraine. Concurrently, lasmiditan (100 mg and 200 mg) exhibits notable efficacy, albeit accompanied by an increased susceptibility to adverse events. These findings should still be approached with caution, primarily due to the intrinsic limitations associated with indirect comparisons.

The detection and prediction of financial crises in listed companies are crucial for investors to mitigate potential losses. Traditional prediction methods primarily rely on financial indicators, yet they often overlook valuable insights hidden in financial text. To address this limitation, our study explores the integration of financial indicators and financial text from annual reports to enhance financial crisis prediction. We propose a two-step approach, leveraging a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model to extract features from financial indicators and utilizing a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network with attention mechanism to capture the underlying semantics in financial text. Subsequently, we combine the extracted features from both sources for effective classification. Through extensive experiments with various models, we demonstrate the efficacy of our combined approach in achieving optimal prediction results. Our findings highlight the importance of considering financial text alongside traditional financial indicators for enhanced financial crisis detection and prediction. The proposed methodology contributes to the existing literature and offers valuable insights for investors and financial analysts seeking more accurate and comprehensive risk assessment tools.

Lard is highly appreciated for its flavor. However, it has not been elucidated how to consume lard while at the same time eliminating its adverse effects on postpartum cognitive function. Female mice were divided into three groups (n = 10): soybean oil (SO), lard oil (LO), and a mixture of soybean oil and lard at a ratio of 1:1 (LS). No significant difference was observed between the SO and LS groups in behavioral testing of the maternal mice, but the LO group was significantly worse compared with these two groups. Moreover, the SO and LS supplementation increased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels in the brain and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria in feces, thereby mitigating neuroinflammation and lowering the p-ERK(1/2)/ERK(1/2), p-CREB/CREB, and BDNF levels in the brain compared to the LO group. Collectively, the LS group inhibited postpartum cognitive impairment by regulating the brain fatty acid composition, neuroinflammation, gut microbiota, and the SCFA/ERK(1/2)/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway compared to lard.

Highly pathogenic coronaviruses have caused significant outbreaks in humans and animals, posing a serious threat to public health. The rapid global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in millions of infections and deaths. However, the mechanisms through which coronaviruses evade a host’s antiviral immune system are not well understood. Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a recently discovered mechanism that can selectively isolate cellular components to regulate biological processes, including host antiviral innate immune signal transduction pathways. This review focuses on the mechanism of coronavirus-induced LLPS and strategies for utilizing LLPS to evade the host antiviral innate immune response, along with potential antiviral therapeutic drugs and methods. It aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding and novel insights for researchers studying LLPS induced by pandemic viruses.

The freshwater sleeper, Sineleotris saccharae Herre, is a member of the Odontobutiae family, widely distributed in southern China. In the present study, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of S. saccharae for the first time and analyzed its evolutionary relationship. The complete mitochondrial genome of S. saccharae was 16,487 bp long, and had 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNAs) and a control region (CR). The mitogenome of S. saccharae shared the same gene organization and orientation as other teleosts. According to phylogenetic research, S. saccharae was sister to S. chalmersi with high support value, providing the monophyly of the genus Sineleotris. These results will be helpful for understanding the systematics of the odontobutids.

Abstract Background Active workstations have been proposed as a feasible approach for reducing occupational sedentary time. This study used a network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess and compare the overall efficacy of active workstation interventions according to type and concomitant strategy for reducing work-specific sitting time in office workers. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from database inception until May 2022 to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of active workstations with or without concomitant strategies for reducing occupational sedentary time in office workers. The risk of bias of the RCTs included in this study was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. An NMA with STATA 15.1 was used to construct a network diagram, league figures, and the final surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results A total of 23 eligible studies including eight different types of interventions with 1428 office workers were included. NMA results showed that compared to a typical desk, multicomponent intervention (standardized mean difference (SMD) = − 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) − 2.17, − 0.82; SUCRA = 72.4%), sit-stand workstation + promotion (Reminders of rest breaks, posture variation, or incidental office activity) (SMD = − 1.49; 95%CI − 2.42, − 0.55; SUCRA = 71.0%), treadmill workstation + promotion (SMD = − 1.29; 95%CI − 2.51, − 0.07; SUCRA = 61.6%), and sit-stand workstation (SMD = − 1.10, 95%CI − 1.64, − 0.56; SUCRA = 50.2%) were effective in reducing occupational sedentary time for office workers. Conclusions Multicomponent intervention, sit-stand workstation + promotion, treadmill workstation + promotion, and sit-stand workstation appear to be effective in reducing work-specific sedentary time for office workers. Furthermore, multicomponent interventions and active workstations + promotion better reduced work-specific sedentary time than active workstation alone. However, the overall certainty of the evidence was low. Trial registration Our study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO); registration number: CRD42022344432.

Abstract Cancer cells consistently utilize the unfolded protein response (UPR) to encounter the abnormal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Extreme activation of the UPR could also provoke maladaptive cell death. Previous reports have shown that NRF2 antioxidant signaling is activated by UPR and serves as noncanonical pathway to defense and reduce excessive ROS levels during ER stress. However, the mechanisms of regulating NRF2 signaling upon ER stress in glioblastoma have not been fully elucidated. Here we identify that SMURF1 protects against ER stress and facilitates glioblastoma cell survival by rewiring KEAP1-NRF2 pathway. We show that ER stress induces SMURF1 degradation. Knockdown of SMURF1 upregulates IRE1 and PERK signaling in the UPR pathway and prevents ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) activity, leading to cell apoptosis. Importantly, SMURF1 overexpression activates NRF2 signaling to reduce ROS levels and alleviate UPR-mediated cell death. Mechanistically, SMURF1 interacts with and ubiquitinates KEAP1 for its degradation (NRF2 negative regulator), resulting in NRF2 nuclear import. Moreover, SMURF1 loss reduces glioblastoma cell proliferation and growth in subcutaneously implanted nude mice xenografts. Taken together, SMURF1 rewires KEAP1-NRF2 pathway to confer resistance to ER stress inducers and protect glioblastoma cell survival. ER stress and SMURF1 modulation may provide promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of glioblastoma.

Objective: Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) may provide an accessible alternative to face-to-face treatment, but the evidence base in adolescents is limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the efficacy of ICBT in addressing depression among adolescents. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched on June 8, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of ICBT for depression in adolescents were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the risk of bias tool recommended by the Cochrane Handbook. Furthermore, the GRADE approach was employed to gauge the certainty of the obtained evidence. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4, and Egger's test was implemented through Stata for assessment of potential publication bias. Results: A total of 18 RCTs involving 1683 patients were included. In comparison to control groups like attention control, waiting list, and treatment as usual, our meta-analysis findings elucidate a significant reduction in depression scores (SMD = −0.42, 95 % CI: [−0.74, −0.11], p .05). Conclusion: Results provide evidence of the efficacy of ICBT to reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. These research findings are of vital significance for the establishment of evidence-based treatment guidelines in the digital era. Trial registration: PROSPERO registration: CRD42021277562.

Introduction: Health workers in rural and remote areas shoulder heavy responsibilities for rural residents. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of continuing education programs for health workers in rural and remote areas. Methods: Eight electronic databases were searched on 28 November 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies evaluating the effectiveness of continuing education for health workers in rural and remote areas were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the risk of bias tool provided by Effective Practice and Organization of Care. A meta-analysis was performed for eligible trials, and the other findings were presented as a narrative review because of inconsistent study types and outcomes. Results: A total of 17 studies were included, four of which were RCTs. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared to no intervention, continuing education programs significantly improved the knowledge awareness rate of participants (odds ratio=4.09, 95% confidence interval 2.51-6.67, p

Abstract Background and Objective Considering that physicians and patients widely use acupuncture, it is necessary to explore its adverse effects during treatment. Herein, an evidence map was generated based on published studies to identify acupuncture-induced adverse effects and assess their severity, with the overarching goal of providing references for safe and effective implementation. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in four public databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of science, and the Cochrane Library) to identify relevant studies published up to 15th June 2022. In addition, relevant studies were explored in the Epistemonikos database and reference lists were retrieved as a supplement. A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews, Version 2 (AMSTAR-2) quality assessment tool was applied to determine the methodological quality of included systematic reviews (SRs) and/or meta-analysis (MAs), whereas Microsoft Excel 2019 tool was used for data extraction and coding. Heatmaps were generated to display disease type, countries of origin for the first authors, and the sample sizes of original studies. Moreover, bubble charts comprehensively presented intervention categories, adverse reaction types, and evidence levels. Results A total of 535 SRs involving 33 adverse reactions were included. Among them, 22 studies were rated as high quality, 28 as moderate, 106 as low, and the rest were of critically-low quality. Numerous adverse effects were described in the studies, including syncope (86 SRs), organ or tissue injury (233 SRs), systemic reactions (113 SRs), infection (19 SRs), and other adverse events (373 SRs). Importantly, these adverse reactions were mainly associated with 19 acupuncture techniques, including electroacupuncture (n = 67), manual acupuncture (n = 47) and acupoint catgut embedding (n = 41). Furthermore, the 535 SRs described 23 diseases, among which symptoms, signs or clinical findings (83 SRs), mental, behavioral or neurodevelopmental disorders (67 SRs), and diseases of the nervous system (66 SRs) had the highest incidence. Conclusion This evidence mapping explores the adverse effects of acupuncture, showing that there are multiple types of adverse reactions to acupuncture, with milder symptoms. The methodological assessment revealed that most of the included studies were of low- or critically low-quality. Therefore, there is a need for future randomized controlled trials and SRs to comprehensively analyze acupuncture-related adverse events in order to provide reliable and credible evidence.

The traditional dual switch forward converter has a very large filter element and all the diodes on the primary and secondary sideshow the problem of reverse recovery and voltage oscillation. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel dual switch DC/DC converter with only one capacitor as the output filter, which reduces the number of magnetic elements and improves the power density. Besides, zero current turned on of main switches and zero current turned off of all diodes is achieved to solves the problem of parasitic oscillation and reverse recovery of the diodes. In this paper, the detailed analysis of the dual switch converter’s operating principle and characteristics are analyzed. Finally, according to the proposed converter, a prototype has been established in the lab, and the experimental results verify the validity of the analysis.

BackgroundSedentary time in workplaces has been linked to increased risks of chronic occupational diseases, obesity, and overall mortality. Currently, there is a burgeoning research interest in the implementation of multicomponent interventions aimed at decreasing sedentary time among office workers, which encompass a comprehensive amalgamation of individual, organizational, and environmental strategies. ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aims at evaluating the effectiveness of multicomponent interventions to mitigate occupational sedentary behavior at work compared with no intervention. MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from database inception until March 2023 to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of multicomponent interventions on occupational sedentary behavior among office-based workers. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. The average intervention effect on sedentary time was calculated using Stata 15.1. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs were used to calculate the continuous variables. Subgroup analyses were performed to determine whether sit-stand workstation, feedback, and prompt elements played an important role in multicomponent interventions. Further, the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. ResultsA total of 11 RCTs involving 1894 patients were included in the analysis. Five studies were rated as low risk of bias, 2 as unclear risk of bias, and 4 as high risk. The meta-analysis results showed that compared with no intervention, multicomponent interventions significantly reduced occupational sitting time (MD=–52.25 min/8-h workday, 95% CI –73.06 to –31.44; P

The metabolic reasons for rambutan taste variations during maturity are unknown. Here, we obtained a unique rambutan cultivar Baoyan No.2 (BY2) with a strong yellow pericarp and excellent taste, the sugar-acid ratios of which ranged from 21.7 to 94.5 during maturation. Widely targeted metabolomics analysis was performed to reveal the metabolic reasons behind these taste variations. The results showed that 51 metabolites were identified as common different metabolites (DMs), including 16 lipids, 12 amino acids and others. Among them, the abundance level of 3,4-digalloylshikimic acid exhibited a positive correlation with the titratable acids (R2 = 0.9996) and a negative correlation with the sugar-acid ratio (R2 = 0.9999). Therefore, it could be a taste biomarker of BY2 rambutan. Moreover, all DMs were enriched in “galactose metabolism”, “fructose and mannose metabolism” and “biosynthesis of amino acids” pathways, which predominantly accounted for the taste variation. Our findings provided new metabolic evidence for the taste variation of rambutan.

Tooth extraction commonly leads to postoperative wound bleeding, bacterial infection, and even the occurrence of dry socket. Therefore, developing a biomedical material with favorable antibacterial and excellent hemostatic properties to prevent the post-extraction dry socket is necessary. Herein, quaternary ammonium chitosan/ carboxymethyl starch/alginate (ACQ) sponges are developed via Ca2+ cross-linking, electrostatic interaction, and lyophilization methods. The results show that the bio-multifunctional sponges exhibit interconnected porous structures with significant fluid absorption rates and suitable water vapor transmission rates. In vitro cellular and hemolysis experiments indicate that the developed sponges have acceptable biocompatibility. Notably, the constructed sponges effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans, as well as achieve rapid hemostasis in the mouse liver injury and mini-pig tooth extraction models by absorbing blood and promoting red blood cell adhesion. Thus, the created bio-multifunctional sponges show tremendous promise as a hemostatic material for wound management after tooth extraction.

The rhizomes and tubers of Curcuma kwangsiensis have extensive medicinal value in China. However, the inflorescences of C. kwangsiensis are rarely known in horticulture, because of its low field flowering rate. In order to improve the flowering rate of C. kwangsiensis, we conducted drought stress treatment on the rhizome of C. kwangsiensis. The flowering rate of rhizome was the highest after 4d of drought stress treatment, and the buds on the rhizome could be obviously swell on the 4th day of rehydration culture. In order to identify the genes regulating the flowering time of Curcuma kwangsiensis, comparative transcriptome analysis was performed on the buds on rhizomes before drought stress treatment, 4 d after drought stress treatment and 4 d after rehydration culture. During this process, a total of 20 DEGs controlling flowering time and 23 DEGs involved in ABA synthesis and signal transduction were identified, which might regulate the flowering of C. kwangsiensis under drought stress. Some floral integration factors, such as SOC1 and FTIP, were up-regulated under drought stress for 4 d, indicating that C. kwangsiensis had flowering trend under drought stress. The results of the present study will provide theoretical support for the application of Curcuma kwangsiensis in gardening.

ABSTRACT Phosphopantetheinyl transferases (PPTases) play important roles in activating apo-acyl carrier proteins (apo-ACPs) and apo-peptidyl carrier proteins (apo-PCPs) in both primary and secondary metabolism. PPTases catalyze the posttranslational modifications of those carrier proteins by covalent attachment of the 4′-phosphopantetheine group to a conserved serine residue. The protein-protein interactions between a PPTase and a cognate acyl or peptidyl carrier protein have important regulatory functions in microbial biosynthesis, but the molecular mechanism underlying their specific recognition remains elusive. In this study, we identified a new rishirilide biosynthetic gene cluster with a rare in-cluster PPTase from Streptomyces xanthophaeus no2. The function of this Sfp-type PPTase, SxrX, in rishirilide production was confirmed using genetic mutagenesis and biochemical characterization. We applied molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis to identify key residues mediating the protein-protein interaction between SxrX and its cognate ACP. In addition, six natural products were isolated from wild-type S. xanthophaeus no2 and the ΔsxrX mutant, including rishirilide A and lupinacidin A, that exhibited antimicrobial and anticancer activities, respectively. SxrX is the first Sfp-type PPTase identified from an aromatic polyketide biosynthetic gene cluster and shown to be responsible for high-level production of rishirilide derivatives. IMPORTANCE Genome mining has been a vital means for natural product drug discovery in the postgenomic era. The rishirilide-type polyketides have attracted attention due to their potent bioactivity, but the poor robustness of production hosts has limited further research and development. This study not only identifies a hyperproducer of rishirilides but also reveals a rare, in-cluster PPTase SxrX that plays an important role in boosting rishirilide biosynthesis. Experimental and computational investigations revealed new insights on the protein-protein interaction between SxrX and its cognate ACP with wide implications for understanding polyketide biosynthesis.

With the aggravation of air pollution, the impact of air pollution on the stock market, especially from the perspective of investor sentiment, has been of great concern and widely discussed. Based on data from China's A-share listed firms from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020, the relationship between urban air pollution and stock liquidity of listed firms and the internal mechanism is examined. Firstly, based on local preference theory, we start by predicting the impact of air pollution on stock liquidity. We, then, build a regression model for air pollution and stock liquidity, introducing the intermediary effect model to detect the relationship between the two and its mechanism. Finally, by subdividing the samples, we discuss the differential impact of air pollution on stock liquidity under different circumstances. We found that when air pollution worsens it reduces stock liquidity. The results of the mechanism analysis show that investor sentiment plays an intermediary role in the process of air pollution affecting stock liquidity, and pessimism induced by air pollution can reduce stock liquidity. Heterogeneity test results show that there are differences in the impact of air pollution on stock liquidity between heavily polluting firms and non-heavily polluting firms, different industries, different city sizes, and different levels of air pollution, has a greater effect in non-heavily polluting enterprises, manufacturing and other industries, medium sized cities and light pollution. The results of this research have important reference value for environmental protection departments to establish and improve air pollution monitoring systems and for listed firms to improve stock liquidity and deal with the environmental financial risks appropriately.

After the COVID-19 epidemic, a growing number of commercial entities have decided to enter the online platform and operated as an electronic business venture. However, the timing of entering the online market is a strategically important issue. On the basis of social capital theory and resource-based view, this study attempts to understand the different impacts of two strategic orientations (i.e., Guanxi orientation and entrepreneurial orientation) and perceived environmental turbulence (i.e., market turbulence and political turbulence) on online market entry timing. We test four hypotheses using data collected from 174 Chinese companies. Our results confirm that entrepreneurial orientation negatively impacts online market entry timing, and this effect is moderated by perceived market turbulence such that the negative relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and online market entry timing will be strengthened in higher market turbulence. By contrast, Guanxi orientation positively impacts online market entry timing, and the positive relationship between Guanxi orientation and online market entry timing will be weakened in higher political turbulence. Implications and future research directions are discussed.

The metabolite-caused taste variation during rambutan maturation is unknown due to a lack of systematic investigation of all components. In this study, three growing stages, including unripe (S1), half-ripe (S2), and full-ripe (S3) BY2 and BY7 rambutans were compared and profiled by UPLC–MS/MS-based widely targeted metabolomics analysis. We demonstrated that the sugar-acid ratios of two rambutans were greatly improved between the S2 and S3 stages. A total of 821 metabolites were identified, including 232, 205, 204, and 12 differential metabolites (DMs) in BY2-S1 vs. BY2-S2, BY2-S2 vs. BY2-S3, BY7-S1 vs. BY7-S2, and BY7-S2 vs. BY7-S3, respectively. A correlation analysis showed that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) could be the sugar-acid ratio biomarker of BY2 rambutan. Methionine (Met), alanine (Ala), and S-methyl-L-cysteine (SMC) could be total amino acid biomarkers of BY2 and BY7 rambutans. In addition, UPLC-MS/MS-based quantitative verification of the above biomarkers exhibited the same variations as metabolomics analysis. This study not only provides useful nutritive information on rambutans but also valuable metabolic data for rambutan breeding strategies.

In order to improve enzymatic properties of glucoamylases, six recombinant genes GA1–GA6 were created by domain shuffling of glucoamylase genes GAA1 from Aspergillus niger Ld418AI and GATE from Talaromyces emersonii Ld418 TE using overlap extension PCR and were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1B; only activities of GA1 and GA2 in the fermentation broth were higher than those of GAA1 but less than those of GATE. Further research results of GA1 and GA2 indicated that chimeric glucoamylases GA1 and GA2 revealed increased thermostability compared with GAA1 and GATE, although with a slight change in the activity and optimal temperature. However, GA1 had almost the same catalytic efficiency as GATE, whereas the catalytic efficiency of GA2 was slightly less than that of GATE, but still higher than that of GAA1. The structural analysis showed that the change of enzymatic properties could be caused by the increased and extended α-helix and β-sheet, which change the secondary and tertiary structures of chimeric glucoamylases. These results demonstrated that domain shuffling was feasible to generate a chimeric enzyme with novel properties.

The outbreaks caused by RNA and DNA viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox, pose serious threats to human health. The RLR and cGAS-STING pathways contain major cytoplasmic sensors and signaling transduction axes for host innate antiviral immunity. In physiological and virus-induced pathological states, the activation and inactivation of these signal axes are tightly controlled, especially post-translational modifications (PTMs). E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) are the direct manipulator of ubiquitin codons and determine the type and modification type of substrate proteins. Therefore, members of the E3s family are involved in balancing the host’s innate antiviral immune responses, and their functions have been extensively studied over recent decades. In this study, we overviewed the mechanisms of different members of three E3s families that mediate the RLR and cGAS-STING axes and analyzed them as potential molecular targets for the prevention and treatment of virus-related diseases.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common fertility problem that affects 1%-2% of couples all over the world. Despite exciting discoveries regarding the important roles of the decidual natural killer cell (dNK) and regulatory T cell in pregnancy, the immune heterogeneity in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) remains elusive. Here, we profiled the transcriptomes of 13,953 CD45+ cells from three normal and three URPL deciduas. Based on our data, the cellular composition revealed three major populations of immune cells including dNK cell, T cell, and macrophage, and four minor populations including monocytes, dendritic cell (DC), mast cell, and B cell. Especially, we identified a subpopulation of CSF1+ CD59+ KIRs-expressing dNK cells in normal deciduas, while the proportion of this subpopulation was decreased in URPL deciduas. We also identified a small subpopulation of activated dDCs that were accumulated mainly in URPL deciduas. Furthermore, our data revealed that in decidua at early pregnancy, CD8+ T cells exhibited cytotoxic properties. The decidual macrophages expressed high levels of both M1 and M2 feature genes, which made them unique to the conventional M1/M2 classification. Our single-cell data revealed the immune heterogeneity in decidua and the potentially pathogenic immune variations in URPL.

Despite the growing attention on the topic of abusive supervision, how abusive supervision affects individual and team creativity have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Drawn from the perspective of leader-member exchange (LMX), the current study develops a multilevel model to describe the relationships between abusive supervision and creativity at both team and individual levels, with a focus on the roles played by team-level leader-member exchange (TLMX) and LMX differentiation (DLMX). Based on data collected from 319 team members and their team leaders in 71 teams, the results show that abusive supervision has a negative relationship with TLMX, a practice that is conducive to both team and individual creativity. At the team level, the negative relationship between abusive supervision and TLMX is lessened by a higher level of DLMX. In addition, the positive relationship between TLMX and team creativity is weakened by a higher level of DLMX. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae is a highly virulent pathogen which has seriously threatened the development of Macrobrachium nipponense in various farms. However, little information is available in relation to underlying mechanisms of host-bacteria interaction in M. nipponense. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of M. nipponense at 6 and 12 h post-infection (hpi), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (P

Acid fracturing is the most important stimulation method in the carbonate reservoir. Due to the high cost and high risk of acid fracturing, it is necessary to predict the reservoir productivity before acid fracturing, which can provide support to optimize the parameters of acid fracturing. However, the productivity of a single well is affected by various construction parameters and geological conditions. Overfitting can occur when performing productivity prediction tasks on the high-dimension, small-sized reservoir, and acid fracturing dataset. Therefore, this study developed a stacking heterogeneous ensemble model with a hybrid wrapper-based feature selection strategy to forecast reservoir productivity, resolve the overfitting problem, and improve productivity prediction. Compared to other baseline models, the proposed model was found to have the best predictive performances on the test set and effectively deal with the overfitting. The results proved that the hybrid wrapper-based feature selection strategy introduced in this study reduced data acquisition costs and improved model comprehensibility without reducing model performance.

Methyl 2 -[ [ 1- (5- fluoropentyl) indole - 3- carbonyl] amino] -3, 3- dimethyl - butanoate (5F-MDMB-PICA) is a new synthetic cannabinoid characterized by valinate or tert-leucinate moieties. In recent years, 5F-MDMB-PICA has been abused in the form of “spice-like” herbal incenses or electronic cigarette oil. A UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed to detect 5F-MDMB-PICA and its metabolites in human hair. Approximately 20 mg of hair was weighed and pulverized with methanol below 4°C. After ultrasonication, centrifugation and filtration, 200 μL of supernatant was placed into an autosampler vial and analyzed on a Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm particle size) using an acetonitrile-20 mmol/L ammonium acetate (0.1% formic acid, 5% acetonitrile) gradient with a run time of 8 min. The limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.5 to 5 pg/mg, and the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) ranged from 1 to 5 pg/mg. The method was shown to be linear over a concentration range of 1–200 pg/mg. The linear correlation (R2) of the calibration curves for all analytes was >0.999. The accuracy varied from 95.4 to 107.4%, while the intra- and inter-day precision RSD values were 0.7–10.6% and 1.7–12.2%, respectively. Recoveries were within the range of 61.1–93.3%, and matrix effects were in the range of 19.1–102.6%. The validated method was successfully applied to the identification and quantification of 5F-MDMB-PICA and its metabolites in hair from authentic forensic cases.

The penetration of renewable energy resources for distribution networks can significantly impact the security of power supply systems. To improve the penetration efficiency, a hierarchical optimization planning for a distributed generation (DG) network using the improved sand cat swarm optimization (ISCSO) is proposed to determine the optimal location and capacity of DG into the distribution network. Firstly, the sensor is used to collect data, and the ISCSO algorithm is used to construct a complex nonlinear DG planning problem, thus reducing the impact of DG uncertainty. Second, a DG hierarchical planning model is established to select the optimal location and capacity of DG access to the distribution network. Finally, in the classical test system, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by setting up multiple cases. The test results confirm that the total annual cost and power loss of the DG system can be reduced by 13.1 and 40.5%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]